Ceci est une ancienne révision du document !
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Q My laptop came with 14.10. Should I upgrade to 15.04? A Yes, 14.10 has expired, so you're not getting updates. The same thing will happen with 15.04, you will need to upgrade to 15.10 around the end of the year. Q How can I join two webm videos whilst keeping the same quality? A (Thanks to TheFu in the Ubuntu Forums) One solution: Put both into a mkv file using: mkvmerge, then use mkvmerge to append one into the other. mkvmerge -o file1.mkv file1.webm mkvmerge -o file2.mkv file2.webm mkvmerge -o joined_file1_2.mkv file1.mkv file2.mkv These commands take the amount of time a file copy takes. No transcoding needed. There are some requirements. Both files must have the same codec settings for video and audio.
Q Mon portable est livré avec la 14.10. Dois-je passer à la 15.04?
R Oui, la 14.10 a expiré, de sorte que vous n'allez pas obtenir de mises à jour. La même chose se produira avec la 15.04, vous aurez besoin de la mettre à niveau vers la 15.10 vers la fin de l'année.
Q Comment puis-je joindre deux vidéos webm tout en gardant la même qualité?
R (Merci à TheFu dans les forums Ubuntu) Une solution: transformez les deux dans un fichier MKV en tapant:
mkvmerge, puis utilisez mkvmerge pour ajouter l'un à l'autre.
mkvmerge -o file1.mkv file1.webm
mkvmerge -o file2.mkv file2.webm
mkvmerge -o joined_file1_2.mkv file1.mkv file2.mkv
Ces commandes prennent le temps d'une copie de fichier. Aucun transcodage nécessaire. Il y a quelques exigences. Les deux fichiers doivent avoir les mêmes paramètres de codec vidéo et audio.
Q I get this same error message whenever I try to update my system (lubuntu 15.04): Not enough free disk space. A (Thanks to Vladlenin500 in the Ubuntu Forums) The default size the installer assigns to the /boot partition is really small, so small that just a few kernel versions are enough to fill it up. The updater is complaining about lack of space in that partition, nowhere else. (Comments from the OP) The command: dpkg -l | grep linux-image- showed nine installed kernels. To remove one, I used a command such as: sudo apt-get -y purge linux-headers-3.13.0-24 linux-headers-3.13.0-24-generic Gord notes: Synaptic Package Manager can also be used to remove old kernels. For example, search for “3.19.0” to see all the kernel files in that series. Q I want to update from 12.04 to 14.04, but get this result: root@xaylo-Inspiron-3542:/home/xaylo# sudo do-release-upgrade Checking for a new Ubuntu release No new release found A (Thanks to grahammechanical in the Ubuntu Forums) Run Update Manager. Click the button that says “Settings.” Then go to the Updates tab and look at the drop-down menu for the panel called: Notify me of a new Ubuntu version. There are three settings. Any new version; for long-term support versions, and never. You need the setting: for long-term support versions.
Q Je reçois le même message d'erreur à chaque fois que je tente de mettre à jour mon système (lubuntu 15.04): Pas assez d'espace disque libre.
R (Merci à Vladlenin500 dans les forums Ubuntu) La taille par défaut que l'installateur attribue à la partition /boot est vraiment petite, si petite que quelques versions du noyau suffisent à le remplir. La mise à jour se plaint du manque d'espace dans cette partition, nulle part ailleurs.
(Commentaires de l'OP) La commande: dpkg -l | grep linux-image-
retourne neuf noyaux installés. Pour en supprimer un, j'ai l'habitude d'une passer une commande comme:
sudo apt-get -y purge linux-headers-3.13.0-24 linux-headers-3.13.0-24-generic
Gord note: Le gestionnaire de paquets Synaptic peut également être utilisé pour enlever les vieux noyaux. Par exemple, cherchez «3.19.0» pour voir tous les fichiers du noyau de cette série.
Q Je veux migrer de la 12.04 vers la 14.04, mais j'ai ce résultat: root@xaylo-Inspiron-3542:/home/xaylo# sudo do-release-upgrade Checking for a new Ubuntu release No new release found
(Merci à grahammechanical dans les forums Ubuntu) Lancez le Gestionnaire de Mises à jour. Cliquez sur le bouton «Paramètres». Ensuite, allez à l'onglet Mises à jour et cherchez dans le menu déroulant le menu appelé: Prévenez-moi d'une nouvelle version d'Ubuntu. Il y a trois paramètres : Toute nouvelle version, seulement les versions de soutien à long terme, et jamais. Vous devez mettre le réglage: seulement les versions de soutien à long terme.
Q I'm setting up Kontact but get this error message after entering my gmail email and password: “The server for account “Google Mail (XXXXXX)” refused the supplied username and password….” A (Thanks to qamelian in the Ubuntu Forums) Check the security settings on your actual Gmail account on the Web. By default, Gmail now blocks access by email client apps that Google deems not sufficiently secure. To work around this, you need to tell Gmail to allow access by insecure applications. On the Gmail web interface, click on the cog icon to go to settings. Click on Accounts and Import. Under Change Account Settings, click on Other Google Account Settings. This opens the My Account page. Under Sign-in and Security, click Signing in to Google. After the page loads, scroll almost to the bottom. You will see a slider that lets you toggle the setting for Allow Less Secure Apps. Q I started with an empty hard drive. I created two partitions on the drive, and installed Windows on the first one, then Ubuntu on the second one. However, the result does not work as I expected. A (Consensus of many recent posts in the Ubuntu Forums) It will work better if you create one partition taking half the space and install Windows there. Then tell the Ubuntu install to use the empty space.
Q J'installe Kontact mais j'obtiens ce message d'erreur après avoir entré mon e-mail et mon mot de passe de Gmail: «Le serveur pour le compte 'Google Mail (XXXXXX)' a refusé le nom d'utilisateur et le mot de passe fourni…»
R (Merci à qamelian dans les forums Ubuntu) Vérifiez les paramètres de sécurité de votre compte réel Gmail sur le Web. Par défaut, Gmail maintenant bloque l'accès par des applications client de messagerie que Google ne juge pas suffisamment sécurisées. Pour contourner ce problème, vous devez dire à Gmail de permettre l'accès par des applications non sécurisées. Sur l'interface Web de Gmail, cliquez sur l'icône d'engrenage pour aller dans les paramètres. Cliquez sur Comptes et importation. Sous Modifier les paramètres du compte, cliquez sur Autres Paramètres du compte Google. Cela ouvre la page Mon compte. Sous Signature et sécurité, cliquez sur Signature dans Google. Après chargement de la page, faites défiler presque jusqu'au fond. Vous verrez un curseur qui vous permet de basculer le réglage pour Autoriser les applications moins sûres.
Q J'ai commencé avec un disque dur vide. J'ai créé deux partitions sur le disque, et installé Windows sur la première, puis Ubuntu sur la seconde. Cependant, le résultat ne fonctionne pas comme je voulais.
R (Consensus de nombreux messages récents dans les forums Ubuntu) Ca fonctionnera mieux si vous créez une partition prenant la moitié de l'espace et y installez Windows. Ensuite, dites lors de l'installation d'Ubuntu d'utiliser l'espace vide.
Top
Top questions at Askubuntu * What does the command name “dd” stand for? http://goo.gl/rWHwuT * Why isn't Oracle Java included in the standard Ubuntu repo? http://goo.gl/9HXOzv * Why does cups get updated so often? http://goo.gl/KlX3ah * Getting details about a package before installing it? http://goo.gl/nlCYP5 * Is my hard-disk doomed? http://goo.gl/8KmA6J
Top des questions sur Askubuntu
* Que signifie la commande «dd» ? http://goo.gl/rWHwuT
* Pourquoi Oracle Java n'est-il pas inclus dans de dépôt standard Ubuntu ? http://goo.gl/9HXOzv
* Pourquoi cups est-il mis à jour si souvent ? http://goo.gl/KlX3ah
* Comment obtenir des détails sur un paquet avant de l'installer? http://goo.gl/nlCYP5
* Est-ce que mon disque dur est crashé? http://goo.gl/8KmA6J
* Reason to keep a GPU in a computer that is running Ubuntu Server http://goo.gl/HGuda9 * I accidentally deleted the network-manager and don't have access to internet anymore http://goo.gl/NmVH7A * Do I “need” DKMS? http://goo.gl/9DEyhf * How do unknown fonts get substituted? http://goo.gl/WDxEZV * syslog doesn't exist! http://goo.gl/9VUmZH
* Une raison de garder un GPU dans un ordinateur qui fait tourner Ubuntu Server http://goo.gl/HGuda9
* J'ai accidentellement effacé le gestionnaire de réseau et n'ai plus accès à internet http://goo.gl/NmVH7A
* Ai-je vraiment «besoin» de DKMS? http://goo.gl/9DEyhf
* Comment les polices inconnues sont remplacées? http://goo.gl/WDxEZV
* syslog n'existe pas! http://goo.gl/9VUmZH
Tips 1
Tips and Techniques Y’er a moron if… I was planning to save this to be my swan song, but the idea of using it in issue 100 is compelling. I spend quite a bit of time winnowing the Ubuntu Forums for the Q&A column. When I find myself yelling, “it doesn't work because you're a moron” at the screen, I figure this is not really productive. However, it might be entertaining. “My hard drive died, and I really, really need the files from it.” And you never heard of “backup”? “How can I make the fan on my computer run slower?” There are several methods, if you don't mind your computer catching fire. “My wish list is $2,000 long, and I have found this computer for $198. Will it do what I want?” Probably not.
Trucs et astuces
T'es un crétin si…
Je voulais me réserver cet article pour qu'il soit mon chant du cygne, mais l'idée de le publier dans le numéro 100 est aussi assez attrayante.
J'étais en train de passer un peu de temps à écumer les forums Ubuntu pour l'article Q & R. C'est alors que je me vois crier à l'écran «ça ne marche pas parce que t'es un crétin», et je me dis que c'est pas vraiment productif. Toutefois, ça pourrait être amusant.
«Mon disque dur est mort, et j'ai vraiment, vraiment besoin des fichiers qui sont dessus». Et tu n'as jamais entendu parler de «sauvegarde»?
«Comment puis-je faire pour réduire la vitesse de mon ventilateur d'ordinateur?» Il existe plusieurs méthodes, si ça ne te fais rien que ton ordinateur prenne feu.
«Ma liste de courses est prévue pour 2000 $, et j'ai trouvé cet ordinateur pour 198 $. Est-ce qu'il va faire ce que je veux?» Probablement pas.
“How can I speed up my 2008 netbook?” Seven years ago you bought the slowest computer which was available, and you're complaining about performance NOW? “I wanted a file server, so I installed Ubuntu Server.” Which takes 10 times as much effort to set up as Ubuntu Desktop, with no offsetting benefit, unless you're running a high-volume web server or some other application where a performance gain might be important. “I entered the command 'cd downloads', and Ubuntu said no such file or directory.” OK, we all did this – at least once. Microsoft has trained us badly about upper and lower case. “I downloaded [some program] and installed it, but it doesn't work.” And did you read the system requirements for [some program]? If possible, try to install programs using a supported method, such as Software Center, Synaptic or apt-get. “How do I compile such-and-such package?” Where such-and-such is already in the repositories, so compiling is counter-productive.
Tips 2
“I don't know how it is possible to limit number of partitions on a particular laptop…” And maybe we can reverse gravity if we just work on it. (FOUR primary partitions is an absolute limit in the MBR partitioning scheme, and an Extended partition is the way around it.) “I have a Gazorks 123x and it has such-and-such problem…” And when I Google “Gazorks 123x Linux,” the solution appears before my eyes. Google is your friend! “the thing is that I encrypted my home folder…” There are many things which can go wrong, why add to the list? “Program XYZ is confusing…” Sometimes you need to spend a little time with the tutorials, in order to use a powerful program. “My eight-year-old video card died, so I bought this five-year-old video card….” You didn't have 20 bucks for a three-year-old video card?
“I suddenly started having odd video effects…” And did you consider that it might be a hardware problem? “I tried to install Windows on my computer, but it just displayed a Blue Screen Of Death, so I tried Ubuntu….” Even a wonderful OS can't fix hardware problems. “I tried to install XXXXX but it failed.” Yup, that's what happens when you don't tell us what version of Ubuntu you are using, how you tried to “install” XXXXX, or how you recognized “failed.” “I screwed up my system because I didn't know what I was doing, so to recover, I edited a system file.” What was going through your mind when you decided to compound your mistake? “I need to use this obsolete version of Ubuntu.” No, don't do that. Try Lubuntu or Xubuntu, or Puppy Linux or Slitaz. Nothing good happens when you run software which is not getting security updates.
Tips 3
“I have a Dell laptop that has intel 3000 graphics as well as a Nvidia GeForce GT 525M 525M graphics card…” The poster asks a reasonable question, but seven out of seven responders demonstrate that they can't read. For example: “run lspci.” The Original Poster (OP) knows exactly what is in his computer, so there is no need to run lspci. “How can I install my wireless mouse?” Replace the dead battery. “I have a Toshiba Satellite…” Which tells the reader it's a laptop, but it might contain just about anything inside. Can't help without some details! “I was trying to set up my backup program, and I got this error message…” And it didn't occur to you to tell us the name of the backup program? “I don't know what model this laptop is.” Close the lid, flip it over, and read what's on the label! You might need to pop the battery. “Why did installation fail? I got this warning message.” It's just a warning, the installation worked!
“My resolv.conf is being ignored at boot time.” Nope, it's not ignored at boot – it's generated at boot. If you tell us what your actual problem is, perhaps someone can help you. “With setting up the separate user account's, will they be able to access the drive from there Windows system?” If English is not your first language, I am happy to make allowances. If you're just illiterate you probably won't be able to answer my questions. (My wife is Chinese…) “I need to upgrade my server from 7.04 with minimum downtime and no loss of data.” Let's see, server 7.04 expired THREE YEARS AGO. Don't be surprised when people suggest you buy a new system, or at least a new hard drive, and install onto that, then copy your data over. “I have saved many files, and now all my memory is gone!” Or maybe all your disk space. “I want to modify the /proc/cpuinfo file. I need to edit the Serial parameter in the cpuinfo file.” Cpuinfo isn't actually a file, so you can't edit it. And it doesn't contain a Serial. “I have Apache 2.4 set up on my Ubuntu 14.04 and right now it is way too slow.” But there was no useful information about the computer or the installation. Perhaps the OP should expect the results he is seeing. If you recognize yourself in any of the above, I just want to say, “I'm very, very thankful that I'm not you.”