issue101:installer_une_version_plus_recente
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Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue101:installer_une_version_plus_recente [2015/09/28 23:57] – créée d52fr | issue101:installer_une_version_plus_recente [2015/10/03 08:55] (Version actuelle) – d52fr | ||
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- | Programs with a large user-base, such as Mozilla Firefox, generally benefit from quick inclusion of new releases into the Ubuntu repositories. Right now, the current version of Firefox is 39.0, and I have version 39.0+build5-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 installed from the repositories - so all is golden. | + | ***Programs with a large user-base, such as Mozilla Firefox, generally benefit from quick inclusion of new releases into the Ubuntu repositories. Right now, the current version of Firefox is 39.0, and I have version 39.0+build5-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 installed from the repositories - so all is golden. |
- | However, this is not always true. Take the other slightly less-known application from Mozilla, the Mozilla Thunderbird email client. At the time of writing, Thunderbird is at version 38.1 since July 9, 2015 while the version in the repositories is merely a 31.8, to be precise 1: | + | However, this is not always true. Take the other slightly less-known application from Mozilla, the Mozilla Thunderbird email client. At the time of writing, Thunderbird is at version 38.1 since July 9, 2015 while the version in the repositories is merely a 31.8, to be precise 1: |
- | My personal gripe against Thunderbird’s version 31 is that is does not yet automatically include the calendar plugin, unlike version 38. So I would like to upgrade this program directly, instead of relying only on the Ubuntu repositories. | + | Des applications qui, comme Mozilla Firefox, ont un large public d' |
+ | |||
+ | Mais ce n'est pas toujours le cas. Prenons l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ***My personal gripe against Thunderbird’s version 31 is that is does not yet automatically include the calendar plugin, unlike version 38. So I would like to upgrade this program directly, instead of relying only on the Ubuntu repositories. | ||
In the following description, | In the following description, | ||
- | So, what are our options to get access to the newest and greatest version of an application such as Thunderbird? | + | So, what are our options to get access to the newest and greatest version of an application such as Thunderbird? |
- | The first one that comes to mind (for an old-timer, at least) would be to download the source code and compile the program ourselves. This is definitely possible, open source being… open, with the source code readily available. However, it is also definitely going to mean downloading not only the source code, but also any tools necessary to do the compiling and linking (developer | + | Ma doléance personnelle contre la version 31 de Thunderbird est que l' |
- | So, if we wish to avoid compiling from source code, we have at least two options to obtain a pre-compiled application in binary (executable) form. | + | Dans la description suivante, nous verrons comment le faire pour Thunderbird, bien que les fondamentaux soient extensibles à d' |
- | One option is using the very same apt package system we are so used to, to perform installation. This means adding a supplementary repository to those we already have - Canonical’s main, universe, multiverse repositories and so forth. This new one is hosted by the Launchpad system, and has its hostpage at https:// | + | En fin de compte, par quels moyens peut-on avoir accès à la version |
- | sudo bash | ||
- | apt-add-repository ppa: | + | **The first one that comes to mind (for an old-timer, at least) would be to download the source code and compile the program ourselves. This is definitely possible, open source being… open, with the source code readily available. However, it is also definitely going to mean downloading not only the source code, but also any tools necessary to do the compiling and linking (developer version of libraries, the compiler itself), and may require some navigation through library dependencies. So, while this path is certainly possible and results in an application that is perfectly integrated into our current system, it is perhaps not to be recommended unless we already enjoy software development in the C or C++ languages. |
- | Now, refresh repository content lists with: | + | So, if we wish to avoid compiling from source code, we have at least two options to obtain a pre-compiled application in binary (executable) form. *** |
- | aptitude update | + | La première possibilité qui vient à l' |
- | and consult the version of Thunderbird that is available: | + | Ainsi, si nous voulons éviter de compiler à partir du code source, nous pouvons obtenir une application en forme binaire (exécutable) pré-compilée d'au moins deux façons. |
- | aptitude show thunderbird-trunk | ||
- | Please note the name of the main package | + | ***One option is using the very same apt package |
- | 41.0~a1~hg20150519r17960.244718-0ubuntu1~umd1~trusty | + | Une option serait d' |
- | Wow! We now have a version 41.0 available to us! And the version on the Mozilla web page is only up to a measly 39! So let’s test it out. In a terminal, type the command: | + | sudo bash |
+ | |||
+ | apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-mozilla-daily/ | ||
- | thunderbird-trunk | + | *** Now, refresh repository content lists with:*** |
- | And watch it start up. The About dialog states quite clearly that this is, in fact, version 41. | + | Rafraîchissons maintenant la liste des contenus du dépôt avec : |
+ | |||
+ | aptitude update | ||
+ | |||
+ | *** and consult the version of Thunderbird that is available: | ||
+ | |||
+ | et voyons la version de Thunderbird disponible : | ||
+ | |||
+ | aptitude show thunderbird-trunk | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Please note the name of the main package for Thunderbird in this daily repository is not ‘thunderbird’, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Veuillez noter que le nom du paquet principal de Thunderbird dans ce dépôt journalier n'est plus « thunderbird », mais « thunderbird-trunk ». Voilà qui nous permet de distinguer entre les deux versions. Dans mon cas, j'ai obtenu : | ||
+ | |||
+ | 41.0~a1~hg20150519r17960.244718-0ubuntu1~umd1~trusty | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Wow! We now have a version 41.0 available to us! And the version on the Mozilla web page is only up to a measly 39! So let’s test it out. In a terminal, type the command: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Formidable ! Nous avons désormais accès à la version 41.0 ! Et la dernière version de la page Web de Mozilla n'est qu'à une petite 39 ! Essayons la nouvelle. Dans un terminal, tapez la commande : | ||
+ | |||
+ | thunderbird-trunk | ||
+ | |||
+ | **And watch it start up. The About dialog states quite clearly that this is, in fact, version 41. | ||
However, it also states clearly something that should be a word to the wise: “Daily is experimental and may be unstable”. This is something I noticed when it was incapable of authenticating against my Gmail server - something which any version of Thunderbird has done with flying colors for the last many years. Luckily, the developers have had the good idea to have this daily version not operate directly on the existing mail data, so there is little chance of it trashing all those messages you have on your hard drive. | However, it also states clearly something that should be a word to the wise: “Daily is experimental and may be unstable”. This is something I noticed when it was incapable of authenticating against my Gmail server - something which any version of Thunderbird has done with flying colors for the last many years. Luckily, the developers have had the good idea to have this daily version not operate directly on the existing mail data, so there is little chance of it trashing all those messages you have on your hard drive. | ||
- | It is clear, however, that playing around with a daily version should be seen as working with beta grade software, at best. It is good enough to test out - but certainly not for production machines, or for ordinary users’ peace of mind. | + | It is clear, however, that playing around with a daily version should be seen as working with beta grade software, at best. It is good enough to test out - but certainly not for production machines, or for ordinary users’ peace of mind.** |
- | The final option to download a stable | + | Et regardons-la se mettre en route. La fenêtre « A propos » confirme clairement qu'il s'agit bien de la version |
- | Here, we find pre-compiled binaries for all three major desktop operating systems: Windows, OS-X and GNU/Linux. For the latter, make sure to choose the version | + | Mais la même fenêtre affiche clairement un autre conseil à prendre en compte |
- | uname -a | + | Il est par contre clair que jouer avec une version journalière doit être considéré, |
- | and if you see “x86_64” in the information returned then this is a 64-bit kernel. “i386” or “i686” means a 32-bit kernel. | + | **The final option to download |
- | The file that is downloaded should be a compressed archive with the tar.bz2 extension. At the time of writing, the latest version was thunderbird-38.1.0.tar.bz2, | + | Here, we find pre-compiled binaries for all three major desktop operating systems: Windows, OS-X and GNU/Linux. For the latter, make sure to choose the version corresponding to your preferred language. Also choose between 32-bit or 64-bit. If you are not sure which version of the Linux kernel you are running: |
+ | |||
+ | La dernière façon de télécharger une version stable de Thunderbird est tout simplement de consulter la section Téléchargement de la page Web du projet, à l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Nous trouvons ici des exécutables pré-compilés pour les trois systèmes d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | uname -a | ||
+ | |||
+ | **and if you see “x86_64” in the information returned then this is a 64-bit kernel. “i386” or “i686” means a 32-bit kernel.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | et si vous voyez « x86_64 » parmi les informations, | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | **The file that is downloaded should be a compressed archive with the tar.bz2 extension. At the time of writing, the latest version was thunderbird-38.1.0.tar.bz2, | ||
Once downloaded, just click on the file and it will open in whatever archive compression/ | Once downloaded, just click on the file and it will open in whatever archive compression/ | ||
You should now have a folder on the desktop simply called “thunderbird”. This contains a large number of files, among which the main file (i.e. the Thunderbird program itself) is unsurprisingly also named “thunderbird”. | You should now have a folder on the desktop simply called “thunderbird”. This contains a large number of files, among which the main file (i.e. the Thunderbird program itself) is unsurprisingly also named “thunderbird”. | ||
- | In any terminal, run | + | In any terminal, run** |
+ | |||
+ | Le fichier téléchargé devrait être un fichier compressé sous l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Une fois téléchargé, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dans n' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Bureau/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | **and, voilà, the new version of Thunderbird should start up. It is worth noting that it should directly access your existing configuration and message files, which are not in this folder but in the hidden folder ~/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | If this doesn’t work, the advantage of using a terminal to launch the newly-downloaded program is that any error messages will be visible for perusal.** | ||
- | Desktop/ | + | et voilà, la nouvelle version de Thunderbird devrait démarrer. Il convient de noter que cette application devrait accéder directement à vos fichiers de configuration et de courriels existants, qui ne se trouvent pas dans ce dossier, mais dans le dossier caché ~/ |
- | and, voilà, the new version of Thunderbird should start up. It is worth noting that it should directly access your existing configuration and message files, which are not in this folder but in the hidden folder ~/ | + | Si cela ne fonctionne pas, l' |
- | If this doesn’t work, the advantage of using a terminal to launch the newly-downloaded program is that any error messages will be visible for perusal. | ||
- | For best results, it is recommended to run a fairly recent version of *Ubuntu. The most recent LTS version (now 14.04) or Linux Mint equivalent (17.2) should be fine with recent versions of Thunderbird. Otherwise, it is very possible that some library files are not in sufficiently recent versions for today’s Thunderbird to work. | + | **For best results, it is recommended to run a fairly recent version of *Ubuntu. The most recent LTS version (now 14.04) or Linux Mint equivalent (17.2) should be fine with recent versions of Thunderbird. Otherwise, it is very possible that some library files are not in sufficiently recent versions for today’s Thunderbird to work. |
- | To install this program to benefit all system users, best practice would involve moving it to the /opt directory. This needs to be done as root. So: | + | To install this program to benefit all system users, best practice would involve moving it to the /opt directory. This needs to be done as root. So:** |
- | sudo bash | + | Pour avoir les meilleurs résultats, il est souhaitable d' |
- | cd ~/Desktop | + | Pour installer ce programme pour qu'il puisse être utilisé par tous les utilisateurs du système, la meilleure façon de procéder serait de le déplacer dans le dossier |
- | mv thunderbird /opt/ | + | sudo bash |
+ | |||
+ | cd ~/Desktop | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
- | Now, let’s rename the existing version of Thunderbird, | ||
- | cd /usr/bin | + | **Now, let’s rename the existing version of Thunderbird, |
- | mv thunderbird thunderbird-ubuntu | + | Maintenant, nous allons renommer la version existante de Thunderbird, |
- | ln -s / | + | cd /usr/bin |
+ | |||
+ | mv thunderbird thunderbird-ubuntu | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
- | From this point on, all references to the Thunderbird program should point towards the newer version: this is the one that gets started when using the links in the menus, dock or status bar. The old version can still be accessed by typing the command | ||
- | thunderbird-ubuntu | + | **From this point on, all references to the Thunderbird program should point towards the newer version: this is the one that gets started when using the links in the menus, dock or status bar. The old version can still be accessed by typing the command** |
- | Needless to say, if the user should not be satisfied with the new program, it can safely be uninstalled and rolled back to the earlier | + | À partir de ce moment, toute référence au programme Thunderbird devrait se trouver en lien avec la version la plus récente. C'est celle-ci qui sera lancée par les liens dans les menus, le dock ou la barre d' |
- | sudo bash | + | thunderbird-ubuntu |
- | cd /usr/bin | ||
- | rm thunderbird | + | **Needless to say, if the user should not be satisfied with the new program, it can safely be uninstalled and rolled back to the earlier version by issuing the following commands:** |
- | mv thunderbird-ubuntu thunderbird | + | Il va sans dire que, si la nouvelle version ne satisfait pas l' |
- | rm -r / | + | sudo bash |
+ | |||
+ | cd /usr/bin | ||
+ | |||
+ | rm thunderbird | ||
+ | |||
+ | mv thunderbird-ubuntu thunderbird | ||
+ | |||
+ | | ||
issue101/installer_une_version_plus_recente.1443477475.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2015/09/28 23:57 de d52fr