issue126:inkscape
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue126:inkscape [2017/10/31 09:06] – d52fr | issue126:inkscape [2017/11/07 12:27] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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To demonstrate this LPE, I’ve created a simple five-pointed star using the Stars and Polygons tool, then added the effect via the Path > Path Effects dialog. As you might expect, the dialog gains a number of parameters that can be adjusted to alter the result.** | To demonstrate this LPE, I’ve created a simple five-pointed star using the Stars and Polygons tool, then added the effect via the Path > Path Effects dialog. As you might expect, the dialog gains a number of parameters that can be adjusted to alter the result.** | ||
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+ | Notre article du mois dernier sur les Effets de chemin dynamiques (LPE) ajoutés dans la 0.92 comprenait une section sur l' | ||
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+ | L' | ||
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+ | Pour présenter ce LPE, j'ai créé une simple étoile à cinq branches avec l' | ||
**With the settings shown in the screenshot, my simple star was immediately distorted into something more random. | **With the settings shown in the screenshot, my simple star was immediately distorted into something more random. | ||
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The top image shows the effect of using “By number of segments” to divide each path segment into two. The bottom picture uses “By max segment size”, resulting in two new nodes on the vertical arm, but three new ones on the longer horizontal arm. Returning to our star, therefore, the default settings split each segment into two, doubling the number of nodes.** | The top image shows the effect of using “By number of segments” to divide each path segment into two. The bottom picture uses “By max segment size”, resulting in two new nodes on the vertical arm, but three new ones on the longer horizontal arm. Returning to our star, therefore, the default settings split each segment into two, doubling the number of nodes.** | ||
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+ | Avec les réglages présentés sur la copie d' | ||
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+ | Pour avoir une meilleure idée de ce qui est arrivé, je vais ajouter un autre effet dynamique (LPE) à la chaîne : Afficher les poignées. Celui-ci dessine les représentations des nœuds et des poignées du chemin, ce qui peut être inestimable quand on essaie de comprendre exactement comment votre chemin a changé en appliquant le LPE (des détails plus loin). La première chose à noter est que notre étoile à cinq branches (qui, si elle était convertie en chemin, aurait 10 nœuds) a maintenant 20 nœuds : | ||
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+ | Ceci est dû à la partie haute des contrôles de l' | ||
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+ | L' | ||
**Once you’ve created more nodes to work with, it’s time to jiggle their positions a bit. The “Jitter nodes” section lets you define the maximum amount that each node will be displaced – although the precise value for each is random. You can set different values for the X and Y directions, and the dice buttons will re-seed the random number generator, adjusting the node positions in either the X or Y directions accordingly. The “Extra roughen” section provides an additional displacement factor. This value acts as a multiplier – setting it to zero will cancel any displacement, | **Once you’ve created more nodes to work with, it’s time to jiggle their positions a bit. The “Jitter nodes” section lets you define the maximum amount that each node will be displaced – although the precise value for each is random. You can set different values for the X and Y directions, and the dice buttons will re-seed the random number generator, adjusting the node positions in either the X or Y directions accordingly. The “Extra roughen” section provides an additional displacement factor. This value acts as a multiplier – setting it to zero will cancel any displacement, | ||
It’s worth noting that the random seed for each of these controls defaults to 1 when the LPE is first added to a path. If you have several similar paths that you wish to roughen differently, | It’s worth noting that the random seed for each of these controls defaults to 1 when the LPE is first added to a path. If you have several similar paths that you wish to roughen differently, | ||
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+ | Une fois que vous avez créé d' | ||
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+ | Il peut être noté que la semence aléatoire de chacun de ces contrôles est à 1 par défaut lors de l' | ||
**To roughen a path, inserting new nodes and randomizing their positions may be sufficient. But this effect also provides a few options about what to do with the node handles. Our pointed star, with its straight line segments, offers little of interest when it comes to node handles, so, to demonstrate the possibilities, | **To roughen a path, inserting new nodes and randomizing their positions may be sufficient. But this effect also provides a few options about what to do with the node handles. Our pointed star, with its straight line segments, offers little of interest when it comes to node handles, so, to demonstrate the possibilities, | ||
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The “Rand” option randomises the position of the handles. Unfortunately, | The “Rand” option randomises the position of the handles. Unfortunately, | ||
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+ | Pour « agiter » un chemin, l' | ||
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+ | Pour isoler les effets sur les poignées, sans ajouter des nœuds supplémentaires qui complexifieraient le sujet, j'ai utilisé le mode « Par nombre de segments » avec un nombre réduit à 1. Ceci neutralise vraiment la partie supérieure du dialogue et aucun nœud n'est ajouté, tout en gardant une mobilité des nœuds existants. La liste déroulante « Poignées » en bas du dialogue détermine ce qui arrivera aux poignées des nœuds. Avec la valeur par défaut « Le long des nœuds », les poignées bougent simplement avec les nœuds (en même temps), conservant leurs tailles et positions relatives. | ||
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+ | L' | ||
**“Retract”, | **“Retract”, | ||
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The second checkbox seems less useful to me. It fixes the amount of allowed displacement to 1/3 of the length of the line segment, regardless of the X, Y and Global values. Why this should be a particularly good idea escapes me. I can understand that there might sometimes be a benefit to having the amount of displacement related to the length of the path segment, but, in that case, I would prefer to have a control to set that factor, rather than have it hard-coded as 1/3 of the segment size.** | The second checkbox seems less useful to me. It fixes the amount of allowed displacement to 1/3 of the length of the line segment, regardless of the X, Y and Global values. Why this should be a particularly good idea escapes me. I can understand that there might sometimes be a benefit to having the amount of displacement related to the length of the path segment, but, in that case, I would prefer to have a control to set that factor, rather than have it hard-coded as 1/3 of the segment size.** | ||
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+ | « Rétracter », comme son nom le suggère, rétracte complètement les poignées, transformant vos segments de chemin en lignes droites, alors que « Adoucir » assure que les poignées de chaque côté de chaque nœud forme une ligne droite, avec comme résultat que le chemin passe doucement d'un segment à l' | ||
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+ | En bas du dialogue, il y a trois cases à cocher, en commençant par « Déplacer les nœuds ». Quand elle est décochée, les nœuds ne bougent pas, quels que soient les réglages de X, Y et Aléa global. À première vue, ça semble plutôt jouer en défaveur de ce dialogue, mais cela ouvre quelques possibilités qui ne sont pas immédiatement évidentes. Quand elle est décochée, vous pouvez utiliser la section du haut de ce LPE comme un moyen de subdiviser votre chemin en segments plus petits sans modifier sa forme. Ça peut être pratique comme une étape de « pré-traitement » avant de passer le résultat à un autre effet. Une autre option consiste à décocher cette case, mais à modifier la liste « Poignées » de sorte que les nœuds ne peuvent pas bouger tout en pouvant encore disperser aléatoirement, | ||
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+ | La deuxième case à cocher me semble moins utile. Elle fixe la quantité de déplacement autorisé à un tiers de la longueur du segment, quels que soient X, Y et aléa global. Je ne comprends pas pourquoi ceci serait une idée particulièrement bonne. Je peux comprendre qu'il puisse y avoir parfois un intérêt à ce que la quantité du déplacement soit en lien avec la longueur du segment, mais, dans ce cas, j' | ||
**The last checkbox, “Spray Tool friendly”, | **The last checkbox, “Spray Tool friendly”, | ||
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Having briefly introduced the Show Handles LPE earlier on, I’ll finish this month by delving into a little more detail. The UI for this effect is so straightforward that it barely warrants a mention: the three checkboxes toggle the visibility of nodes, handles, and the path itself, whilst the spinbox lets you set the size of the rendered nodes and handles.** | Having briefly introduced the Show Handles LPE earlier on, I’ll finish this month by delving into a little more detail. The UI for this effect is so straightforward that it barely warrants a mention: the three checkboxes toggle the visibility of nodes, handles, and the path itself, whilst the spinbox lets you set the size of the rendered nodes and handles.** | ||
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+ | La dernière case à cocher, « Outil aérographe avec sympathie », est un mystère pour moi. L' | ||
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+ | Jusque là, je me suis limité à utiliser cet effet pour produire des petits changements sur un chemin. En pratique, un LPE appelé « Agitation » pourrait être suspecté d' | ||
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+ | Ayant rapidement présenté plus haut le LPE Afficher les poignées, je finirai ce mois-ci en rentrant un peu plus dans le détail. L' | ||
**Compared with many LPEs, this UI is a model of simplicity. But what the UI doesn’t reveal is that there is a major problem with this effect which you really need to be aware of before using it: it completely wipes out any fill or stroke styles you might have applied to the original path. If your final aim is to render the nodes and handles – as in the images in this article – that’s perhaps not so much of a concern. But if you merely want to temporarily see what your chain of effects has done to the path, be aware that turning this LPE off, or even removing it entirely, won’t reinstate your original style settings. To be fair, the first time you try to add this effect in each session you are presented with the chance to back-out: | **Compared with many LPEs, this UI is a model of simplicity. But what the UI doesn’t reveal is that there is a major problem with this effect which you really need to be aware of before using it: it completely wipes out any fill or stroke styles you might have applied to the original path. If your final aim is to render the nodes and handles – as in the images in this article – that’s perhaps not so much of a concern. But if you merely want to temporarily see what your chain of effects has done to the path, be aware that turning this LPE off, or even removing it entirely, won’t reinstate your original style settings. To be fair, the first time you try to add this effect in each session you are presented with the chance to back-out: | ||
If you press ahead, you’ll find that your path is reduced to a thin, black stroke, with no fill. You can subsequently set a fill or change the stroke, but remember that the output from any LPE is itself a single path (albeit one with sub-paths, in this case), so you can apply only one set of styles to the entire output. In other words, you can’t color the path differently to the handles or nodes – not without using multiple copies or clones of the path, at least.** | If you press ahead, you’ll find that your path is reduced to a thin, black stroke, with no fill. You can subsequently set a fill or change the stroke, but remember that the output from any LPE is itself a single path (albeit one with sub-paths, in this case), so you can apply only one set of styles to the entire output. In other words, you can’t color the path differently to the handles or nodes – not without using multiple copies or clones of the path, at least.** | ||
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+ | Par comparaison avec beaucoup de LPE, cet IU est un modèle de simplicité. Mais ce que ne révèle pas cet IU, c'est qu'il y a un problème majeur avec cet effet, dont vous devez vraiment être au courant avant de l' | ||
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+ | Si vous validez, vous verrez votre chemin réduit à un mince filet noir, sans aucun remplissage. Vous pouvez ensuite ajouter un remplissage ou modifier le contour, mais souvenez-vous que la sortie de tout LPE est elle-même un unique chemin (quoique avec des sous-chemins, | ||
**What to do, then, if you do want to use this effect without altering the style of your original path? If you just want to view the results temporarily, | **What to do, then, if you do want to use this effect without altering the style of your original path? If you just want to view the results temporarily, | ||
The obvious approach is just to clone the original (select it and press Alt-D). With the clone selected, opening the Live Path Effects dialog will show a message at the bottom saying “Click add button to convert clone” or similar. As soon as you click the “+” button in the dialog to add a new LPE, you’ll find that a “Fill between many” effect is automatically added, and your clone’s fill and stroke become unset. I won’t go into the details of this effect now (but its appearance in this role has promoted it to the subject of next month’s column), but suffice to say that it offers one way to link an existing path into a new LPE chain. You can go ahead and add other effects if you wish – including “Show handles” – but as soon as you try to move the clone to another location, you’ll have problems. It tends to jump back to the position of the original path and although there are ways to persuade it to sit elsewhere, the slightest nudge will send it scurrying back to its parent again. I note in a related bug report that the main developer of LPEs has recently committed some improvements to this effect into the Inkscape trunk, so hopefully we’ll see this addressed in the next release.** | The obvious approach is just to clone the original (select it and press Alt-D). With the clone selected, opening the Live Path Effects dialog will show a message at the bottom saying “Click add button to convert clone” or similar. As soon as you click the “+” button in the dialog to add a new LPE, you’ll find that a “Fill between many” effect is automatically added, and your clone’s fill and stroke become unset. I won’t go into the details of this effect now (but its appearance in this role has promoted it to the subject of next month’s column), but suffice to say that it offers one way to link an existing path into a new LPE chain. You can go ahead and add other effects if you wish – including “Show handles” – but as soon as you try to move the clone to another location, you’ll have problems. It tends to jump back to the position of the original path and although there are ways to persuade it to sit elsewhere, the slightest nudge will send it scurrying back to its parent again. I note in a related bug report that the main developer of LPEs has recently committed some improvements to this effect into the Inkscape trunk, so hopefully we’ll see this addressed in the next release.** | ||
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+ | Alors, que faire si vous voulez absolument utiliser cet effet sans dégrader le style de votre chemin d' | ||
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+ | L' | ||
**In the meantime, you can use the “Clone original path” LPE that was described in Part 47. In short, the steps you need to perform are: | **In the meantime, you can use the “Clone original path” LPE that was described in Part 47. In short, the steps you need to perform are: | ||
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Next month, I’ll continue looking at the new LPEs in 0.92, including a closer look at the “Fill between many” effect, and what it can more usefully be used for.** | Next month, I’ll continue looking at the new LPEs in 0.92, including a closer look at the “Fill between many” effect, and what it can more usefully be used for.** | ||
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+ | Entre temps, vous pouvez utiliser le LPE « Cloner le chemin original » qui est décrit dans la partie 47. En bref, les étapes que vous devrez suivre sont : | ||
+ | • Sélectionner votre chemin original et le copier dans le presse-papier. | ||
+ | • Créer un chemin à sacrifier pour lui attacher le nouveau LPE. Une simple ligne à deux nœuds suffit. | ||
+ | • Ajouter le LPE « Cloner le chemin original » au chemin à sacrifier. | ||
+ | • Cliquer sur le bouton « Chemin lié » dans le dialogue du LPE (le premier des deux boutons dans l'IU de l' | ||
+ | • Vous pouvez librement déplacer ce clone là où vous le voulez sur la page. | ||
+ | • Ajouter le LPE « Afficher les poignées » à la chaîne (ou, bien sûr, un autre LPE si vous le souhaitez). | ||
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+ | La partie 47 décrit aussi un raccourci, en utilisant Éditer > Cloner > Cloner le chemin original (ECI), mais, alors, le LPE « Remplir dans les nuées » est aussi appliqué ; donc, tant que les problèmes n'ont pas été réglés, il vaut probablement mieux se limiter aux étapes ci-dessus. | ||
issue126/inkscape.1509437190.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2017/10/31 09:06 de d52fr