issue164:tutoriel1
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue164:tutoriel1 [2020/12/29 10:53] – d52fr | issue164:tutoriel1 [2020/12/30 15:40] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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Before you do that take a moment to think about what might be on that hard drive. Banking information? | Before you do that take a moment to think about what might be on that hard drive. Banking information? | ||
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+ | Vous avez un nouvel ordinateur ? Que faites-vous de l' | ||
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+ | Avant de le faire, prenez le temps de réfléchir à ce qui pourrait se trouver sur le disque dur. Des informations bancaires ? Des numéros de cartes de crédit ? Des mots de passe ? Des vidéos qu'il serait préférable que le monde ne voit pas ? Peut-être pensez-vous : « pas de problème, je vais simplement les supprimer ». Savez-vous que la suppression de fichiers ne les rend pas illisibles sur le disque dur ? Ça les rend simplement disponibles pour être écrasés ; ils peuvent toujours être facilement récupérés et lus. | ||
**Be safe: don’t pass any hard drive to anyone without blanking it first, using real military-grade blanking, so you know that data is truly gone. | **Be safe: don’t pass any hard drive to anyone without blanking it first, using real military-grade blanking, so you know that data is truly gone. | ||
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For older style rotating hard drives there are a number of ways of blanking them. Some years ago the preferred choice was DBAN, (Darik’s Boot and Nuke), a self-contained ISO file that you could download and put on a CD, DVD or a USB stick and then run it to blank a hard drive. DBAN development ended in 2015, that free software project was sold to a commercial company and there hasn’t been a new release in five years. DBAN was nice and simple. It used a blanking program called dwipe that ran on top of a Linux kernel.** | For older style rotating hard drives there are a number of ways of blanking them. Some years ago the preferred choice was DBAN, (Darik’s Boot and Nuke), a self-contained ISO file that you could download and put on a CD, DVD or a USB stick and then run it to blank a hard drive. DBAN development ended in 2015, that free software project was sold to a commercial company and there hasn’t been a new release in five years. DBAN was nice and simple. It used a blanking program called dwipe that ran on top of a Linux kernel.** | ||
- | **The great thing about free software is that it is easy to fork and so dwipe has become nwipe, developed by Martijn van Brummelen. It is easy to get too. To blank a drive you have to run it from somewhere other than the drive being blanked. If you want to blank the main hard drive on a computer then you need to run it from some other media, like a CD, DVD or USB stick. | + | Soyez prudent : ne passez aucun disque dur à quiconque sans l' |
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+ | Pour les anciens disques durs rotatifs, il existe plusieurs façons de les effacer. Il y a quelques années, le choix préféré était DBAN (Darik' | ||
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+ | **The great thing about free software is that it is easy to fork and so dwipe has become nwipe, developed by Martijn van Brummelen. It is easy to get too. To blank a drive you have to run it from somewhere other than the drive being blanked. If you want to blank the main hard drive on a computer then you need to run it from some other media, like a CD, DVD or USB stick. | ||
One way to get nwipe is to get it pre-packaged, | One way to get nwipe is to get it pre-packaged, | ||
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+ | L' | ||
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+ | Une façon d' | ||
**nwipe is also available as a package in the Ubuntu repositories. That means you can add it to any ‘buntu flavor running as a live session and run it using the newest kernel, which will support newer hardware. I have done this with Lubuntu 19.10, being run from a USB stick. It can be installed from the package manager or from the command line: | **nwipe is also available as a package in the Ubuntu repositories. That means you can add it to any ‘buntu flavor running as a live session and run it using the newest kernel, which will support newer hardware. I have done this with Lubuntu 19.10, being run from a USB stick. It can be installed from the package manager or from the command line: | ||
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and it will open in a terminal window with a simple ncurses interface. Just arrow key to the drive to be blanked, space bar to select and shift+s to start it running. ** | and it will open in a terminal window with a simple ncurses interface. Just arrow key to the drive to be blanked, space bar to select and shift+s to start it running. ** | ||
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+ | nwipe est également disponible sous forme de paquet dans les dépôts d' | ||
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+ | $ sudo apt install nwipe | ||
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+ | et, ne faisant que 32 ko, il s' | ||
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+ | $ sudo nwipe | ||
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+ | et il s' | ||
**The default blanking pattern is the DoD Short (US Department of Defense 5220.22-M short 3 pass wipe, using programmed passes 1, 2 & 7), using the Mersenne Twister pseudo random number generator. In case you prefer another method, the interface allows choosing any one of seven others: | **The default blanking pattern is the DoD Short (US Department of Defense 5220.22-M short 3 pass wipe, using programmed passes 1, 2 & 7), using the Mersenne Twister pseudo random number generator. In case you prefer another method, the interface allows choosing any one of seven others: | ||
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If nwipe is being run from a ‘buntu disk then any screensavers should be disabled to make sure nwipe completes its task unimpeded.** | If nwipe is being run from a ‘buntu disk then any screensavers should be disabled to make sure nwipe completes its task unimpeded.** | ||
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+ | Le schéma de suppression par défaut est le DoD Short (Département de la défense des États-Unis 5220.22-M avec un effacement court en 3 passes, utilisant les passes programmées 1, 2 & 7), avec le générateur de nombres pseudo-aléatoires Mersenne Twister. Si vous préférez une autre méthode, l' | ||
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+ | ••Zero Fill - Remplit l' | ||
+ | ••RCMP TSSIT OPS-II - Norme de sécurité technique de la Gendarmerie royale du Canada, OPS-II. | ||
+ | ••DoD 5220.22M - Département américain de la défense 5220.22-M, en 7 passes complètes. | ||
+ | ••Gutmann Wipe - Méthode de Peter Gutmann (suppression sécurisée des données dans la mémoire magnétique et la mémoire à semi-conducteurs). | ||
+ | ••PRNG Stream - Remplit l' | ||
+ | ••Verify only - Cette méthode ne fait que lire l' | ||
+ | ••HMG IS5 enhanced - Nettoyage sécurisé des informations marquées à des fins de protection ou des informations sensibles. | ||
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+ | Si nwipe est exécuté à partir d'un disque ' | ||
**How long does it take to blank a drive? That all depends on the speed of the processor and the size of the drive, plus the method used. I was recently able to blank a 250 GB drive with an Intel Core i5 dual core CPU running at 2.30 GHz, in about five and a half hours. A 1 TB drive may take 24 hours. | **How long does it take to blank a drive? That all depends on the speed of the processor and the size of the drive, plus the method used. I was recently able to blank a 250 GB drive with an Intel Core i5 dual core CPU running at 2.30 GHz, in about five and a half hours. A 1 TB drive may take 24 hours. | ||
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When it is finished, the nwipe interface gives a “success” report , which provides some confidence that it is done right. Checking the drive with Gparted or the KDE Partition Manager will show the disk is all " | When it is finished, the nwipe interface gives a “success” report , which provides some confidence that it is done right. Checking the drive with Gparted or the KDE Partition Manager will show the disk is all " | ||
- | **nwipe is used for rotating hard drives, but it is not used on solid state drives (SSDs). Those newer style drives can be blanked with Parted Magic , which has a utility that can do it, called Secure Erase. Secure Erase can also blank rotating hard drives, too. | + | Combien de temps faut-il pour effacer un disque dur ? Tout dépend de la vitesse du processeur et de la taille du disque, ainsi que de la méthode utilisée. J'ai récemment réussi à effacer un disque de 250 Go avec un processeur Intel Core i5 double-cœur cadencé à 2,30 GHz, en cinq heures et demie environ. Un lecteur de 1 To peut prendre 24 heures. |
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+ | Lorsque l' | ||
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+ | **nwipe is used for rotating hard drives, but it is not used on solid state drives (SSDs). Those newer style drives can be blanked with Parted Magic, which has a utility that can do it, called Secure Erase. Secure Erase can also blank rotating hard drives, too. | ||
It is probably worth noting that all these blanking methods only work on drives that still work (even if they have errors on them). If a drive no longer works, it is best to physically destroy it, before recycling it.** | It is probably worth noting that all these blanking methods only work on drives that still work (even if they have errors on them). If a drive no longer works, it is best to physically destroy it, before recycling it.** | ||
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+ | nwipe est utilisé pour les disques durs rotatifs, mais pas pour les SSD. Ces derniers peuvent être effacés avec Parted Magic, qui dispose d'un utilitaire permettant de le faire, appelé Secure Erase. Secure Erase peut également effacer les disques durs rotatifs. | ||
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+ | Il est probablement utile de signaler que toutes ces méthodes de suppression ne fonctionnent que sur des disques qui fonctionnent encore (même s'ils comportent des erreurs). Si un disque ne fonctionne plus, il est préférable de le détruire physiquement avant de le recycler. | ||
**Conclusions | **Conclusions | ||
nwipe gets your drive safely sanitized and ready for recycling or reuse. It is easy to get in several ways and simple to use. Best of all, it works!** | nwipe gets your drive safely sanitized and ready for recycling or reuse. It is easy to get in several ways and simple to use. Best of all, it works!** | ||
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+ | Conclusions | ||
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+ | nwipe vous permet de nettoyer votre disque dur en toute sécurité et de le préparer pour le recyclage ou une réutilisation. Il est facile à obtenir de plusieurs façons et simple à utiliser. Surtout, il fonctionne ! | ||
**Links | **Links | ||
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https:// | https:// | ||
- | All-in-One System Rescue Toolkit | + | All-in-One System Rescue Toolkit home: |
- | home: | + | |
https:// | https:// | ||
Parted Magic Secure Erase: | Parted Magic Secure Erase: | ||
https:// | https:// | ||
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+ | Liens | ||
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+ | Page d' | ||
+ | https:// | ||
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+ | nwipe sur Launchpad : | ||
+ | https:// | ||
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+ | Site de All-in-One System Rescue Toolkit : | ||
+ | https:// | ||
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+ | Secure Erase de Parted Magic : | ||
+ | https:// | ||
issue164/tutoriel1.1609235618.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2020/12/29 10:53 de d52fr