issue171:tutoriel2
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue171:tutoriel2 [2021/08/01 19:19] – créée auntiee | issue171:tutoriel2 [2021/08/09 08:41] (Version actuelle) – d52fr | ||
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- | When I first started using Ubuntu over 10 years ago, it was because of its ability to boot from a Live CD, thinking that this facility would be useful if I had a problem with viruses that prevented normal booting of my Windows system. I quickly realized the power and potential of Ubuntu and, although I occasionally use Windows for certain specific purposes (Income Tax, for example), Ubuntu is my working system. Many years ago, I tried, with some success, to install a full Ubuntu system on a USB stick but it was very slow, and using a Live USB was actually preferable. | + | **When I first started using Ubuntu over 10 years ago, it was because of its ability to boot from a Live CD, thinking that this facility would be useful if I had a problem with viruses that prevented normal booting of my Windows system. I quickly realized the power and potential of Ubuntu and, although I occasionally use Windows for certain specific purposes (Income Tax, for example), Ubuntu is my working system. Many years ago, I tried, with some success, to install a full Ubuntu system on a USB stick but it was very slow, and using a Live USB was actually preferable.** |
- | I was still intrigued by the idea of having | + | Quand j’ai commencé à utiliser Ubuntu il y a plus de dix ans, c’était à cause de sa capacité à démarrer à partir d’un CD Live. Je pensais que ce serait utile si j’avais un problème de virus qui empêchait le démarrage normal de mon système Windows. Je me suis rendu très rapidement compte de la puissance et du potentiel d’Ubuntu et, bien que j’utilise Windows occasionnellement pour certaines choses précises |
- | This article provides a step-by-step discussion | + | **I was still intrigued |
- | It is not possible to anticipate the particulars of every possible system, so I have made a few assumptions: | + | L’idée d’avoir une version entièrement portable de mon système à la maison, que je pourrais brancher sur n’importe quel ordinateur, m’intriguait toujours. Il y a une quantité substantielle d’informations à ce sujet sur l’Internet, |
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+ | **This article provides a step-by-step discussion of how I accomplished my goal of creating a clone of my home system (Ubuntu Mate 20.04 LTS) that will boot on either a UEFI based computer or an older machine that requires Legacy/BIOS boot. I have tried to include just enough background information to allow for an understanding of the process without getting bogged down in technical detail. I should also say that, in Linux Land, there are always many ways to do things and I make no claim that this method is the best; however, it does make use of very common Ubuntu tools and minimizes the use of the terminal. Hopefully this will help make it accessible to a wide range of readers.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cet article fournit une présentation étape par étape de l’accomplissement de mon objectif : la création d’un clone de mon système domestique (Ubuntu Mate 20.04 LTS) qui démarrera, soit sur un ordinateur avec l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **It is not possible to anticipate the particulars of every possible system, so I have made a few assumptions: | ||
• The system to be cloned is a typical installation with everything on a single partition and no swap partition (if you do have a separate /home partition, and/or /swap partition, use the technique described below to clone them also. Boot is not needed as it is re-created later). | • The system to be cloned is a typical installation with everything on a single partition and no swap partition (if you do have a separate /home partition, and/or /swap partition, use the technique described below to clone them also. Boot is not needed as it is re-created later). | ||
• The removable media that you are using can be an external HDD, SSD, or flash drive, but the sector size must be 512 bytes and your internal hard drive must also have a logical sector size of 512 bytes (copying partitions across different sector sizes causes problems). | • The removable media that you are using can be an external HDD, SSD, or flash drive, but the sector size must be 512 bytes and your internal hard drive must also have a logical sector size of 512 bytes (copying partitions across different sector sizes causes problems). | ||
• Your home system can use either UEFI or Legacy/BIOS boot, the clone will boot in either mode. | • Your home system can use either UEFI or Legacy/BIOS boot, the clone will boot in either mode. | ||
• The destination drive must be big enough to accommodate the Ubuntu partition that we are going to clone – the whole partition, not just the used space! (Resizing your Ubuntu partition to make it smaller with gparted is quite safe – the Ubuntu installer does this when you set up a dual boot installation – BUT there is always potential for data loss so don’t do it unless you have backed up anything you cannot afford to lose). | • The destination drive must be big enough to accommodate the Ubuntu partition that we are going to clone – the whole partition, not just the used space! (Resizing your Ubuntu partition to make it smaller with gparted is quite safe – the Ubuntu installer does this when you set up a dual boot installation – BUT there is always potential for data loss so don’t do it unless you have backed up anything you cannot afford to lose). | ||
- | • Many of these steps require Administrator privileges, so make sure you know how to use this facility on your system as it varies a bit across Ubuntu flavours. | + | • Many of these steps require Administrator privileges, so make sure you know how to use this facility on your system as it varies a bit across Ubuntu flavours.** |
- | Getting Information About Your System | + | L’anticipation des détails de chaque système étant impossible, j’ai fait quelques hypothèses : |
+ | ••Le système qui sera cloné est une installation typique où tout se trouve sur une seule partition et il n’y a pas de partition swap (si vous avez une partition /home et/ou une partition /swap séparée(s), | ||
+ | ••Le support amovible que vous utilisez peut être un disque dur externe, un SSD ou une clé USB, mais la taille des secteurs doit être de 512 bytes et votre disque dur interne doit également avoir une taille de secteur logique de 512 bytes (copier des partitions quand la taille des secteurs est différente engendre des problèmes). | ||
+ | ••Votre système peut utiliser soit un démarrage UEFI, soit un démarrage Legacy/ | ||
+ | ••Le disque de destination doit être assez grand pour recevoir la partition Ubuntu qui sera clonée, toute la partition, pas uniquement l’espace utilisé ! (Le redimensionnement de votre partition Ubuntu avec gparted pour le rendre plus petit est très sûr, l’installeur d’Ubuntu le fait quand vous configurez une installation à double amorçage, MAIS la perte de données est toujours possible. Aussi, ne le faites pas, à moins d’avoir sauvegardé tout ce que vous ne pouvez pas vous permettre de perdre.) | ||
+ | * Beaucoup de ces étapes nécessitent les privilèges d’administrateur ; | ||
- | Boot your computer normally and open a terminal. Type df and look under the “Mounted On” column to find the ‘/’ symbol. On my machine, this is opposite /dev/sda2, and this tells me that the system presently running is on partition #2 (bottom left). Make a note of this number from your system, the device name might change after rebooting but the partition number won’t, so it is important to remember which partition you are going to copy. | + | **Getting Information About Your System |
+ | |||
+ | Boot your computer normally and open a terminal. Type df and look under the “Mounted On” column to find the ‘/’ symbol. On my machine, this is opposite /dev/sda2, and this tells me that the system presently running is on partition #2 (bottom left). Make a note of this number from your system, the device name might change after rebooting but the partition number won’t, so it is important to remember which partition you are going to copy.** | ||
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+ | |||
+ | Récupérer les informations concernant votre système | ||
+ | |||
+ | Démarrez votre système normalement, | ||
- | Cloning Your System | + | **Cloning Your System |
Now reboot your computer from a Live USB, you can use the install media for your system or any other Ubuntu flavour. Booting from a live USB is important as you are going to be working on the system partitions and it is much safer if nothing is mounted. This way we can be sure that your home system in particular is unmounted, and not damaged by anything that you do. | Now reboot your computer from a Live USB, you can use the install media for your system or any other Ubuntu flavour. Booting from a live USB is important as you are going to be working on the system partitions and it is much safer if nothing is mounted. This way we can be sure that your home system in particular is unmounted, and not damaged by anything that you do. | ||
• Plug in your installation media to a vacant USB port. | • Plug in your installation media to a vacant USB port. | ||
- | • Open the program gparted (included as part of the live USB). | + | • Open the program gparted (included as part of the live USB).** |
- | This is my “testing” laptop, and you can see that I have a 250GB drive designated as /dev/sda with 4 partitions (bottom right). I have arranged my system with 2 partitions for storage of personal files (/dev/sda3 and /dev/sda4), which means I can have my Ubuntu system partition (/dev/sda2, mounted at /) at just 30GB. The first partition is unused and is a leftover from a previous installation. If you click the pulldown menu at the top-right, you will get the partition layout for the other drives on the system, in this case the portable USB (mine is 128GB) that you will use to clone your system. | + | Cloner votre système |
- | If your USB drive contains any data it will be completely destroyed by the following process so make sure you don’t need anything that is left on the USB drive. The USB may show a partition but it doesn’t matter, just select Device → Create Partition and make sure you choose “gpt” as the partitioning system so that it is compatible with UEFI booting. Then your drive will look like the image with unallocated space for the entire drive (top right). | + | Maintenant, redémarrez votre ordinateur à partir d’une clé USB Live. Vous pouvez utiliser l’installation pour votre propre système ou n’importe quelle autre saveur d’Ubuntu. Démarrer sur un dispositif Live est important, car vous allez travailler sur les partitions du système et c’est beaucoup moins problématique si rien n’est monté. Comme cela, nous pouvons être certain que votre propre système en particulier n’est pas monté et ne sera pas endommagé quoi que vous fassiez. |
+ | ••Branchez votre dispositif d’installation sur un port USB disponible. | ||
+ | ••Ouvrez le programme gparted (qui fait partie de l’USB Live). | ||
+ | |||
+ | **This is my “testing” laptop, and you can see that I have a 250GB drive designated as /dev/sda with 4 partitions (bottom right). I have arranged my system with 2 partitions for storage of personal files (/dev/sda3 and /dev/sda4), which means I can have my Ubuntu system partition (/dev/sda2, mounted at /) at just 30GB. The first partition is unused and is a leftover from a previous installation. If you click the pulldown menu at the top-right, you will get the partition layout for the other drives on the system, in this case the portable USB (mine is 128GB) that you will use to clone your system.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Celui-ci est mon portable « d’essais » et vous pouvez voir que j’ai un disque de 250 Go désigné comme /dev/sda avec 4 partitions (en bas à droite). Mon système est configuré avec 2 partitions pour mes fichiers personnels (/dev/sda3 et/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | **If your USB drive contains any data it will be completely destroyed by the following process so make sure you don’t need anything that is left on the USB drive. The USB may show a partition but it doesn’t matter, just select Device → Create Partition and make sure you choose “gpt” as the partitioning system so that it is compatible with UEFI booting. Then your drive will look like the image with unallocated space for the entire drive (top right). | ||
Now select Partition > New to create the first of 3 partitions. | Now select Partition > New to create the first of 3 partitions. | ||
- | The “Free space following” will vary depending on the size of your drive, but the other values should be as shown here (below). Click “Add” and then click on the green checkmark at the top to apply this change. | + | The “Free space following” will vary depending on the size of your drive, but the other values should be as shown here (below). Click “Add” and then click on the green checkmark at the top to apply this change.** |
- | Next select Partition > New to create the second partition and adjust the values as shown: | + | S’il y a des données sur le disque USB, celles-ci seront complètement effacées pendant le processus suivant ; aussi, assurez-vous de ne pas avoir besoin de quoi que ce soit qui reste sur la clé. L’USB peut afficher une partition, mais ce n’est pas important. Il suffit de sélectionner Périphérique -> Créer une table de partitions et de choisir « gpt » comme système de partitionnement, |
+ | |||
+ | Maintenant sélectionnez Partition -> Nouvelle pour créer la première de 3 partitions. La quantité d’« Espace libre suivant » variera selon la taille de votre disque, mais les autres valeurs devraient être les mêmes que celles montrées ici (ci-dessous). Cliquez sur « Ajouter », | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Next select Partition > New to create the second partition and adjust the values as shown: | ||
Once again, select Add and then click on the green checkmark to apply this change. | Once again, select Add and then click on the green checkmark to apply this change. | ||
Finally, select Partition > New to create the last partition, this one for the Ubuntu system itself: | Finally, select Partition > New to create the last partition, this one for the Ubuntu system itself: | ||
- | Click Add and select the green checkmark to apply this change. | + | Click Add and select the green checkmark to apply this change.** |
- | The last thing you need to do is to set the appropriate flags, so right-click on partition #1, select Manage flags, and choose bios_grub as the flag, click Close, and this change will be applied automatically. Repeat for partition #2, but this time select boot, esp as the flags. Your USB drive should now be partitioned and ready to receive its own operating system. | + | Ensuite, sélectionnez Partition -> Nouvelle pour créer une deuxième partition et ajustez les valeurs comme ici : |
+ | |||
+ | À nouveau, sélectionnez Ajouter, puis cliquez sur la coche verte pour appliquer ce changement. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Enfin, sélectionner Partition -> Nouvelle pour créer la dernière partition, celle pour le système Ubuntu lui-même : | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cliquez sur Ajouter et sélectionnez la coche verte pour appliquer ce changement. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **The last thing you need to do is to set the appropriate flags, so right-click on partition #1, select Manage flags, and choose bios_grub as the flag, click Close, and this change will be applied automatically. Repeat for partition #2, but this time select boot, esp as the flags. Your USB drive should now be partitioned and ready to receive its own operating system. | ||
Each of these partitions serves an important function: | Each of these partitions serves an important function: | ||
• Partition #1 provides a protected place for GRUB files used in Legacy/BIOS booting so there is no conflict with the space used by the GPT partition table. | • Partition #1 provides a protected place for GRUB files used in Legacy/BIOS booting so there is no conflict with the space used by the GPT partition table. | ||
• Partition #2 provides a place for the UEFI GRUB bootloader files to go. | • Partition #2 provides a place for the UEFI GRUB bootloader files to go. | ||
- | • Partition #3 contains your Ubuntu filesystem. | + | • Partition #3 contains your Ubuntu filesystem.** |
- | Now go back to select /dev/sda and right-click on your Ubuntu partition, /dev/sda2 in my case, and select Unmount (if it is not mounted this choice will be greyed out.) Once it is unmounted, right-click and select Copy. Switch to the USB drive, make sure Partition #3 is unmounted, right-click on it, and select Paste. Depending on the size of the partition | + | La dernière chose qu’il faut faire, c'est de régler les drapeaux comme il faut. Faites un clic droit sur la partition |
- | Open a terminal and type sudo blkid again and you will see that the UUID for partition /dev/sda2 is unchanged BUT /dev/sdb3 now has a different UUID (bottom left). | + | Chacune de ces partitions |
+ | ••La | ||
+ | ••La partition n° 2 fournit un espace pour les fichiers du chargeur de démarrage UEFI GRUB. | ||
+ | ••La partition n° 3 contient votre système de fichiers Ubuntu. | ||
- | This change needs to be added to the fstab file. Open the file manager | + | **Now go back to select /dev/sda and right-click on your Ubuntu partition, /dev/sda2 in my case, and select Unmount (if it is not mounted this choice will be greyed out.) Once it is unmounted, right-click and select Copy. Switch |
- | You will also need to add an entry (line 14) so that the UEFI partition gets mounted (top right). | + | Maintenant retournez et sélectionnez /dev/sda et faites un clic droit sur votre partition Ubuntu, /dev/sda2 dans mon cas, et sélectionnez Démonter (si elle n’est pas montée, ce choix sera grisé.) Une fois qu’elle est démontée, faites un clic droit et sélectionnez Copier. Basculez sur le disque USB, assurez-vous que la partition n° 3 soit démontée, faites un clic droit dessus et sélectionnez Coller. Selon la taille de la partition que vous copiez, ça peut prendre une heure ou plus ; pour cette taille de partition, il a fallu environ 15 minutes. Cette procédure fait une copie exacte et complète de votre partition Ubuntu, y compris l’étiquette (Hybrid dans ce cas) et l’UUID (l’ID universel et unique) (en bas à gauche). Une fois la copie terminée, faites un clic droit sur la partition n° 3 et donnez-lui un nouveau nom, par exemple, Ubuntu_USB, pour faciliter son identification, |
+ | |||
+ | **Open a terminal and type sudo blkid again and you will see that the UUID for partition /dev/sda2 is unchanged BUT /dev/sdb3 now has a different UUID (bottom left). | ||
+ | |||
+ | This change needs to be added to the fstab file. Open the file manager and double-click on Ubuntu_USB, then Edit as Administrator the file /etc/fstab. Copy and paste the UUID for /dev/sdb3 into this file and delete the previous UUID entry.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ouvrez un terminal et, à nouveau, saisissez sudo blkid ; vous verrez alors que l’UUID de la partition /dev/sda2 est inchangé, MAIS que l’UUID de /dev/sdb3 est maintenant différent (en bas à gauche). | ||
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+ | Ce changement doit être ajouté au fichier fstab. Ouvrez le gestionnaire de fichiers et double-cliquez sur Ubuntu_USB, puis éditez le fichier /etc/fstab en tant qu’Administrateur. Copiez et collez le nouvel UUID de /dev/sdb3 dans ce fichier et supprimez l’ancienne entrée UUID. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **You will also need to add an entry (line 14) so that the UEFI partition gets mounted (top right). | ||
(Note: All of these UUIDs will be different on your system so adjust as needed.) Save the file and exit. | (Note: All of these UUIDs will be different on your system so adjust as needed.) Save the file and exit. | ||
- | This change in UUID also needs to be reflected in the / | + | This change in UUID also needs to be reflected in the / |
- | Installing Bootloaders | + | Vous devrez également ajouter une entrée (ligne 14) pour que la partition UEFI soit montée (en haut à droite). |
+ | |||
+ | (Note : tous ces UUID seront différents sur votre système, donc faites les ajustements nécessaires.) Enregistrez le fichier et quittez. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cette modification de l’UUID doit également figurer dans le fichier / | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Installing Bootloaders | ||
We now have a complete Ubuntu installation on the USB but installing GRUB on removable media has known problems – difficulties that can be avoided if we install the GRUB bootloader files from a running system. And, there is a simple way to boot into the USB system so that we can install GRUB. | We now have a complete Ubuntu installation on the USB but installing GRUB on removable media has known problems – difficulties that can be avoided if we install the GRUB bootloader files from a running system. And, there is a simple way to boot into the USB system so that we can install GRUB. | ||
- | Since we are now finished with the live USB, shut down the system, remove the live USB and reboot to your base system. Open a terminal and run sudo update-grub. When you do this, GRUB should find the Ubuntu installation on /dev/sdb3 (bottom left), and add it to the boot menu. It will be bootable from the GRUB menu (because we adjusted the grub.cfg file to point to the correct UUID) despite having no bootloader of its own. If update-grub does not find Ubuntu on /dev/sdb3, you need to edit the etc/ | + | Since we are now finished with the live USB, shut down the system, remove the live USB and reboot to your base system. Open a terminal and run sudo update-grub. When you do this, GRUB should find the Ubuntu installation on /dev/sdb3 (bottom left), and add it to the boot menu. It will be bootable from the GRUB menu (because we adjusted the grub.cfg file to point to the correct UUID) despite having no bootloader of its own. If update-grub does not find Ubuntu on /dev/sdb3, you need to edit the etc/ |
- | The first thing to check before proceeding is that all of the appropriate grub packages are installed on your system. To do this open Synaptic, select Status → Installed, and scroll down to grub entries. There are 6 things to look for (top right). Depending on how your system was configured these may or may not be installed but they all need to be there to proceed. | + | L’installation des chargeurs de démarrage |
+ | |||
+ | Nous avons maintenant une installation complète d’Ubuntu sur la clé USB, mais l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Puisque nous avons terminé avec l’USB Live, arrêtez le système, enlevez l’USB Live et redémarrez sur votre système de base. Ouvrez un terminal et lancez sudo update-grub. Quand vous le faites, GRUB doit trouver l’installation d’Ubuntu sur /dev/sdb3 (en bas à gauche) et l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **The first thing to check before proceeding is that all of the appropriate grub packages are installed on your system. To do this open Synaptic, select Status → Installed, and scroll down to grub entries. There are 6 things to look for (top right). Depending on how your system was configured these may or may not be installed but they all need to be there to proceed. | ||
If any are missing, select All, and scroll down to the grub packages and install it/ | If any are missing, select All, and scroll down to the grub packages and install it/ | ||
Ligne 67: | Ligne 131: | ||
For legacy/BIOS systems, open a terminal and type: sudo grub-install –target=i386-pc /dev/sdb, since the device name given in our df command was /dev/sdb3 and this tells us the drive name is /dev/sdb (next page, top right). | For legacy/BIOS systems, open a terminal and type: sudo grub-install –target=i386-pc /dev/sdb, since the device name given in our df command was /dev/sdb3 and this tells us the drive name is /dev/sdb (next page, top right). | ||
- | The USB can now be booted in Legacy/BIOS mode. | + | The USB can now be booted in Legacy/BIOS mode.** |
+ | |||
+ | Avant d’aller plus loin, la première chose à vérifier est que tous les paquets grub qu’il faut sont installés sur votre système. Pour ce faire, ouvrez Synaptic, sélectionnez État → Installés et descendez jusqu’aux entrées de grub. Il y a 6 choses à chercher (en haut à droite). Selon la configuration de votre système, elles sont installées ou pas, mais toutes doivent y être avant de continuer. | ||
+ | |||
+ | S’il y en a qui manquent, sélectionnez Tous et faites défiler jusqu’aux paquets grub et installez-le/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pour des systèmes legacy/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Vous pouvez maintenant démarrer l’USB en mode Legacy/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | **For UEFI systems, open a terminal and type sudo apt-get install shim-signed. (If you are told this is already installed, then use sudo apt-get install --reinstall shim-signed to repopulate the efi folder). You will be asked to confirm where you want to install the bootloader files, and this is /dev/sdb2 for this system (the UEFI partition we created at the start). On your system, the drive letter may be different so use what you found from the df command. If you are presented with a graphical screen with several choices, use the space-bar to toggle the asterisk indicating your choice, the arrow keys to navigate; and the enter key when you are ready to proceed.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pour les systèmes UEFI, ouvrez un terminal et tapez sudo apt-get install shim-signed (Si on vous dit que c’est déjà installé, utilisez sudo apt-get install --reinstall shim-signed afin de repeupler le dossier efi.) On vous demandera de confirmer l’endroit où vous voulez installer les fichiers du chargeur de démarrage et c’est sur /dev/sdb2 (la partition UEFI que nous avons créée au départ). La lettre du disque peut être différente sur votre système ; aussi, utilisez ce que vous avez trouvé avec la commande df. Si un écran graphique avec plusieurs choix s’affiche, | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | **The advantage to this particular method is it actually installs a series of programs that permit booting with secure boot enabled. If you Open as Administrator the folder /boot/efi, and then double-click on EFI, you will see 2 folders, BOOT and Ubuntu. These folders contain the files needed to boot Ubuntu, and also a “fallback” option in case something doesn’t work properly. The final step is to type sudo update-grub which will ensure that all the pointers are correct in the grub.cfg file. You will notice that the update “finds” a Ubuntu system on the hard drive (/dev/sda2 in my case, yours will be different), and this will be reflected in the grub menu with a boot entry. You can just ignore it, but, if you are offended by it, edit the file / | ||
+ | |||
+ | L’avantage de cette méthode précise est qu’elle installe en fait une série de programmes qui permettent le démarrage avec le « secure boot » activé. Si vous ouvrez en tant qu’administrateur le dossier /boot/efi puis double-cliquez sur EFI, vous verrez 2 dossiers, BOOT et Ubuntu. Ces dossiers contiennent les fichiers nécessaires au démarrage d’Ubuntu accompagnés d’une option de repli au cas où quelque chose ne fonctionne pas correctement. L’étape finale est de taper sudo update-grub, | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Your hybrid clone should now work. Reboot your system and press the F12 key (or whatever key your computer uses) to bring up the boot menu. Select the USB device and you should boot into Ubuntu with the new background screen (this way you know you aren’t booting from the hard drive). | ||
- | For UEFI systems, open a terminal | + | I have successfully booted this USB flash drive on 5 laptops/ |
- | The advantage to this particular method is it actually installs a series of programs that permit booting with secure boot enabled. If you Open as Administrator the folder /boot/efi, and then double-click on EFI, you will see 2 folders, BOOT and Ubuntu. These folders contain the files needed to boot Ubuntu, and also a “fallback” option in case something doesn’t work properly. The final step is to type sudo update-grub which will ensure that all the pointers are correct in the grub.cfg file. You will notice that the update “finds” a Ubuntu system on the hard drive (/dev/sda2 in my case, yours will be different), and this will be reflected in the grub menu with a boot entry. You can just ignore it, but, if you are offended by it, edit the file / | ||
- | Your hybrid | + | Votre clone hybride devrait fonctionner maintenant. Redémarrez votre système et appuyez sur la touche |
- | I have successfully booted this USB flash drive on 5 laptops/ | + | J’ai démarré avec cette clé USB sans aucun problème sur 5 portables/ |
issue171/tutoriel2.1627838357.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2021/08/01 19:19 de auntiee