issue177:q._et_r
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issue177:q._et_r [2022/01/29 14:45] – créée auntiee | issue177:q._et_r [2022/01/31 08:13] (Version actuelle) – d52fr | ||
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- | Welcome back to another edition of Questions and Answers! In this section, we will endeavour to answer your Ubuntu questions. Be sure to add details of the version of your operating system and your hardware. I will try to remove any personally identifiable strings from questions, but it is best not to include things like serial numbers, UUIDs or IP addresses. If your question does not appear immediately, | + | **Welcome back to another edition of Questions and Answers! In this section, we will endeavour to answer your Ubuntu questions. Be sure to add details of the version of your operating system and your hardware. I will try to remove any personally identifiable strings from questions, but it is best not to include things like serial numbers, UUIDs or IP addresses. If your question does not appear immediately, |
+ | Bienvenue de retour dans un autre épisode de Q. ET R.! Dans cette rubrique, nous essayerons de répondre à vos questions sur Ubuntu. Assurez-vous d’ajouter des détails de la version de votre système d’exploitation et votre matériel. J’essaierai d’enlever de vos questions toutes chaînes qui pourraient vous identifier personnellement, | ||
- | As I was unpacking, I came across my old ZX Spectrum 48k computer. Then another... then another... and another and a ZX81!!? Try as I may, I have no recollection of having more than one, ever. (And a ZX81, never) Clive Sinclair died 16 September 2021 (aged 81) and I can admit that I was sad. If he were born 40 years later, I am sure he would have been the UK’s answer to Jeff Bezos, as he also sold electronics via mail order at an age most of you were still at school. It wasn’t until 1982, however, things went ‘viral’ for him. In 1982, Sinclair Research released the ZX Spectrum. *fade to memory sequence:* I had a friend who got a 16K ZX Spectrum as it launched. This was the first computer I had seen that didn’t have blocky graphics and one of the few I knew of that came with a whole 16K. That was like 14,000 four letter words! My mind was blown. I had to have one! The ZX Spectrum sold over 5 million units. (and could probably have sold more, but it was always sold out where I lived) | + | **As I was unpacking, I came across my old ZX Spectrum 48k computer. Then another... then another... and another and a ZX81!!? Try as I may, I have no recollection of having more than one, ever. (And a ZX81, never) Clive Sinclair died 16 September 2021 (aged 81) and I can admit that I was sad. If he were born 40 years later, I am sure he would have been the UK’s answer to Jeff Bezos, as he also sold electronics via mail order at an age most of you were still at school. It wasn’t until 1982, however, things went ‘viral’ for him. In 1982, Sinclair Research released the ZX Spectrum. *fade to memory sequence:* I had a friend who got a 16K ZX Spectrum as it launched. This was the first computer I had seen that didn’t have blocky graphics and one of the few I knew of that came with a whole 16K. That was like 14,000 four letter words! My mind was blown. I had to have one! The ZX Spectrum sold over 5 million units. (and could probably have sold more, but it was always sold out where I lived)** |
+ | En déballant des cartons, j’ai retrouvé mon vieil ordinateur ZX Spectrum 48K. Puis un autre… puis un autre… et un autre et un ZX81 !!? Quoi que je fasse, je ne me souviens point d’en avoir eu plus d’un. (Et jamais un ZX81.) Clive Sinclair est mort le 16 septembre 2021 (à 81 ans) et je peux avouer que j’étais triste. Si sa naissance avait eu lieu 40 ans plus tard, je suis sûr qu’il aurait été la réponse du R-U à Jeff Bezos, car lui aussi a vendu du matériel électronique par correspondance à un âge où la plupart d’entre vous étaient encore à l’école. Pour lui, ce n’est qu’en 1982, cependant, que les choses se sont propagées comme un virus. En 1982, Sinclair Research a sorti le ZX Spectrum. Séquence souvenirs : | ||
- | Q: I have traded | + | **This little rascal ushered |
- | A: Copy your home folder including the hidden files, that is the important bit, onto a backup drive, and copy them in on the new one. You will obviously have to import | + | Ce petit chenapan inaugurait une génération de développeurs artisanaux, qui forment toujours les logiciels que nous utilisons et les jeux auxquels on joue aujourd’hui. Même Linus Torvalds s’est fait les dents sur un Sinclair QL (qui n’était pas une complète réussite). Cherchant dans les poubelles des bouteilles de soda d’un litre à échanger contre des sous, il ne m’a fallu qu’environ six mois pour avoir assez d’argent pour acheter un ZX Spectrum 48K, tout nouveau, tout beau. Pour parler du contexte actuel, il me faudrait maintenant faire les poubelles pendant environ 6 ans pour pouvoir acheter un ZX Spectrum NEXT. Ainsi, c’était TRÈS abordable. De plus, mon autre choix était un Commodore VIC-20 au double du prix, qui ne tournait qu'à 1 MHz (Speccy était à 3,5 MHz) et avait de gros graphismes comme un Atari 2600. (Oui, 1977 ma appelé demandant le retour de leurs affichages)… Quoi qu'il en soit, on n’avait ni livres ni magazines sur les ordinateurs, |
+ | **Q: I have traded in my first gen i3 laptop for a 10th gen i7 after many years. What is the best way for me to get all my stuff on the new one? By this I mean it must include my emails and my passwords, firewall rules etc, as I have it the way I like it now. I use Ubuntu Budgie. | ||
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+ | A: Copy your home folder including the hidden files, that is the important bit, onto a backup drive, and copy them in on the new one. You will obviously have to import a few things again, but it should be identical. | ||
Q: Is there a quicker way? I have a master image of ubuntu for Virtual box. Once I have messed up the OS, I have to delete the image, then copy the master and set it up again for testing. I am currently working for home so I don’t have and abundance of resources. | Q: Is there a quicker way? I have a master image of ubuntu for Virtual box. Once I have messed up the OS, I have to delete the image, then copy the master and set it up again for testing. I am currently working for home so I don’t have and abundance of resources. | ||
- | A: You didn’t give me hardware and software details, but may I suggest Vagrant or Docker? As I don’t know what you are doing, and what you are trying to achieve other than create and destroy VM’s. | + | A: You didn’t give me hardware and software details, but may I suggest Vagrant or Docker? As I don’t know what you are doing, and what you are trying to achieve other than create and destroy VM’s.** |
- | Q: My laptop came with a 256GB SSD and a 1TB hard drive. I installed steam and started downloading my games, but it got too full. I can move my steam folder to the 1TB, but I am a bit confused reading about hard and soft links. Can yo clarify please? | + | Q: Après beaucoup d’années, |
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+ | R : Copiez votre dossier home/ | ||
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+ | Q : Y a-t-il un moyen plus rapide? J’ai une image maître d’Ubuntu pour VirtualBox. Une fois que j' | ||
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+ | R : Vous ne m’avez donné aucun détail sur votre matériel ou les logiciels, mais je vous suggérerais Vagrant ou Docker. Je ne sais pas du tout ce que vous faites et je ne connais pas vos objectifs autre que créer et détruire des VM. | ||
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+ | **Q: My laptop came with a 256GB SSD and a 1TB hard drive. I installed steam and started downloading my games, but it got too full. I can move my steam folder to the 1TB, but I am a bit confused reading about hard and soft links. Can yo clarify please? | ||
A: Actually, no. I need to keep QnA short and concise to give everyone a turn. Suffice to say you can not only move your Steam folder from within Steam settings, but set it so that all future games install there as well, freeing your SSD, requiring nothing more from your part. | A: Actually, no. I need to keep QnA short and concise to give everyone a turn. Suffice to say you can not only move your Steam folder from within Steam settings, but set it so that all future games install there as well, freeing your SSD, requiring nothing more from your part. | ||
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Q: I bought one of the HP servers from the office sale, and it came with Ubuntu server. The catch is that the BIOS is locked and I can’t boot from USB. IT says the password they have does not work. Can I turn this into a usable machine or does it need to go to a specialist? | Q: I bought one of the HP servers from the office sale, and it came with Ubuntu server. The catch is that the BIOS is locked and I can’t boot from USB. IT says the password they have does not work. Can I turn this into a usable machine or does it need to go to a specialist? | ||
- | A: If you have a root user, you can simply install a desktop, I dont know how old that server is, but you can try XFCE as it is lightweight: | + | A: If you have a root user, you can simply install a desktop, I dont know how old that server is, but you can try XFCE as it is lightweight: |
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+ | Q : Mon portable est arrivé avec un SSD de 256 Go et un disque dur de 1 To. J’ai installé Steam et j'ai commencé à télécharger mes jeux, mais il est devenu trop plein. Je peux déplacer le dossier Steam sur le disque de 1 To, mais je suis perplexe, après avoir lu des choses sur des liens durs ou doux. Pouvez-vous clarifier, s’il vous plaît ? | ||
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+ | R : En fait, non. Je dois garder Q. ET R. bref et concis pour que tout le monde ait son tour. Il me suffit de dire que vous pouvez, dans les paramètres de Steam, non seulement déplacer votre dossier Steam, mais aussi le régler pour que tous les jeux à l’avenir y soient installés. Ainsi, le SSD sera libéré ; rien de plus n’est nécessaire de votre part. | ||
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+ | Q : Lors d’une vente au bureau, j’ai acheté un des serveurs HP ; il est sous Ubuntu Server. Le hic est que le BIOS est verrouillé et je ne peux pas démarrer sur une clé USB. Le service informatique dit que le mot de passe qu’ils ont ne fonctionne pas. Puis-je le transformer en une machine fonctionnelle ou faut-il l’envoyer à un spécialiste ? | ||
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+ | R : Si vous avez un utilisateur root, il suffit d’installer un environnement de bureau. Je ne connais pas l’âge de votre serveur, mais vous pouvez essayer XFCE, car il est léger : sudo apt install xubuntu-desktop | ||
- | Q: I have Telegram desktop installed on my Xubuntu machine, but the other day it updated an now I have 2 entries in my menu. How do I know which one is the right one? | + | **Q: I have Telegram desktop installed on my Xubuntu machine, but the other day it updated an now I have 2 entries in my menu. How do I know which one is the right one? |
A: They are probably the same thing, edit your menu to be sure, and once confirmed just remove one. | A: They are probably the same thing, edit your menu to be sure, and once confirmed just remove one. | ||
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Q: I inherit laptop my uncle: https:// | Q: I inherit laptop my uncle: https:// | ||
- | A: The HP Zbooks are notoriously difficult to install Linux on as they use some proprietary caching to a mini SSD. You will need to play with the BIOS to get just the right settings. I suggest you trawl some forums for this as I don’t have one to test the settings for you. | + | A: The HP Zbooks are notoriously difficult to install Linux on as they use some proprietary caching to a mini SSD. You will need to play with the BIOS to get just the right settings. I suggest you trawl some forums for this as I don’t have one to test the settings for you. ** |
- | Q: Somehow FireFox has gone out of bounds on my screen. The top part you use to move the window, has gone under my top panel and even out of the display. Any ideas on how to get it back? It started when I clicked the min/max button and if flickered and just went back to filling the screen, every time I clicked it, now I can’t reach it. | + | Q : Le bureau Telegram est installé sur ma machine sous Xubuntu, mais, l’autre jour, il s’est mis à jour et maintenant, il y a deux entrées dans le menu. Comment savoir laquelle est la bonne ? |
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+ | R : Ce sont probablement les mêmes ; éditez le menu pour être certain et une fois confirmé, il suffit d’en enlever une. | ||
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+ | Q : J’ai hérité du portable de mon oncle : https:// | ||
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+ | R : L’installation de Linux sur les Zbooks HP est connue pour être très difficile, car ils utilisent la possibilité propriétaire de cacher des trucs vers un mini SSD. Vous allez devoir jouer avec le BIOS pour pouvoir obtenir les bons paramètres. Je vous suggère de faire des recherches sur quelques forums pour cela, car je n'ai pas de Zbook HP sur lequel tester les paramètres à votre place. | ||
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+ | **Q: Somehow FireFox has gone out of bounds on my screen. The top part you use to move the window, has gone under my top panel and even out of the display. Any ideas on how to get it back? It started when I clicked the min/max button and if flickered and just went back to filling the screen, every time I clicked it, now I can’t reach it. | ||
A: Try the F11 key or use your system manager to kill it. (They differ from desktop to desktop) You can also try resizing your screen resolution smaller then bigger again. Or, even use the windows key (Sometimes called super) plus the arrow keys, that should tile the current window. | A: Try the F11 key or use your system manager to kill it. (They differ from desktop to desktop) You can also try resizing your screen resolution smaller then bigger again. Or, even use the windows key (Sometimes called super) plus the arrow keys, that should tile the current window. | ||
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Q: I am feeling dumb at the moment. I was working through orientation, | Q: I am feeling dumb at the moment. I was working through orientation, | ||
- | A: Not all terminal emulators support tabbed terminals, a quick way to see is right click inside the terminal emulator. If you are working on TTY, it is not going to happen, you need to open another TTY. | + | A: Not all terminal emulators support tabbed terminals, a quick way to see is right click inside the terminal emulator. If you are working on TTY, it is not going to happen, you need to open another TTY.** |
+ | Q : D’une façon ou d'une autre, FireFox est devenu trop grand pour mon écran. La bande en haut que vous utilisez pour déplacer la fenêtre s’est mise sous le panneau du haut et même en dehors de l’affichage. Des idées pour la récupérer ? | ||
+ | R : Essayez la touche F11 ou utilisez le gestionnaire du système pour le tuer. (Cela diffère d'un bureau à l' | ||
- | Q: I am using a static address on my Ubuntu, when I go and change it, it still shows the previous address. Instead of me opening the command line every time, is there no other way to make it refresh to the new address. | ||
+ | Q : Je me sens tout bête actuellement. Je travaillais l’orientation pas à pas, quand cela m’a dit d’ouvrir un nouvel onglet dans le terminal pour continuer. Que diable ? | ||
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+ | R : Tous les émulateurs de terminal ne supportent pas les onglets ; une façon rapide de voir si c’est le cas ou pas, vous pouvez faire un clic droit à l’intérieur de l’émulateur de terminal. Si vous travaillez sur TTY, ce n'est pas la peine, vous devrez ouvrir un autre TTY. | ||
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+ | **Q: I am using a static address on my Ubuntu, when I go and change it, it still shows the previous address. Instead of me opening the command line every time, is there no other way to make it refresh to the new address. | ||
A: That you know to open the terminal and stop /start the network card shows you know what to do. Simply click your Wifi icon and tick off the box enable WiFi and then repeat enabling the Wifi from your desktop. (Or see if you don’t have a short-cut key combination) It has the same effect. | A: That you know to open the terminal and stop /start the network card shows you know what to do. Simply click your Wifi icon and tick off the box enable WiFi and then repeat enabling the Wifi from your desktop. (Or see if you don’t have a short-cut key combination) It has the same effect. | ||
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Q: My once powerhouse XP PC has been relegated to the minors. I went with XFCE, and an old square screen for the kids, 1024x768 I think. The menu bar is a bit fat. Right click properties, only gives transparency. It needs to shrink. Settings-Panel profiles has me scratching my head. Did I mention I was new to XFCE? | Q: My once powerhouse XP PC has been relegated to the minors. I went with XFCE, and an old square screen for the kids, 1024x768 I think. The menu bar is a bit fat. Right click properties, only gives transparency. It needs to shrink. Settings-Panel profiles has me scratching my head. Did I mention I was new to XFCE? | ||
- | A: Right place, wrong spot. Right click, panel -> panel preferences. Panel profiles is usually a theme thing. | + | A: Right place, wrong spot. Right click, panel -> panel preferences. Panel profiles is usually a theme thing.** |
- | Q: You can rag on the new guy, but updates give me a GPG error. I Googled it and it says goes on about pretty good privacy an email. I fail to see what that has to do with my update. I went here, https:// | + | Q : J’utilise une adresse IP statique sur Ubuntu et quand je la change, cela montre toujours l’ancienne adresse. Au lieu de devoir ouvrir un terminal à chaque fois, y a-t-il un autre moyen pour le faire rafraîchir vers la nouvelle adresse ? |
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+ | R : Que vous sachiez qu’il faut ouvrir le terminal et activer/ | ||
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+ | Q : J’ai relégué mon PC sous XP, qui était très puissant à l’époque, | ||
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+ | R : Bon endroit, mauvais sous-endroit : | ||
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+ | **Q: You can rag on the new guy, but updates give me a GPG error. I Googled it and it says goes on about pretty good privacy an email. I fail to see what that has to do with my update. I went here, https:// | ||
A: GPG is Gnu Privacy Guard and PGP is Pretty Good Privacy. It’s a finger error Mr butterfingers. Do you need help with the error, or are you good? You seem to be a go-getter. | A: GPG is Gnu Privacy Guard and PGP is Pretty Good Privacy. It’s a finger error Mr butterfingers. Do you need help with the error, or are you good? You seem to be a go-getter. | ||
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Q: I have taken an online course and I am stuck before even starting. I am still on Ubuntu 20.04, but I can install 21.04 if I need to. The first error is: Error: No such command '/ | Q: I have taken an online course and I am stuck before even starting. I am still on Ubuntu 20.04, but I can install 21.04 if I need to. The first error is: Error: No such command '/ | ||
- | A: Come on dude, we removed the Celery disclaimer last year. (like a month or two ago) Type $PATH (Capitals) and see if it is in there. Does that file actually exist when you go to / | + | A: Come on dude, we removed the Celery disclaimer last year. (like a month or two ago) Type $PATH (Capitals) and see if it is in there. Does that file actually exist when you go to / |
- | Q: I have installed Xubuntu on my dead Mac. I didn’t like where it went after Snow leopard, so now it cannot get updates, hence Xubuntu. Though there are similarities, | + | Q : Vous pouvez taquiner le débutant, mais les mises à jour me donnent une erreur GPG. Je l’ai recherchée sur Google et il parlent sans fin de Pretty Good Privacy et les mails. Je ne vois pas en quoi cela concerne mes mises à jour. Je suis allé ici : https:// |
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+ | R : GPG est Gnu Privacy Guard et PGP est Pretty Good Privacy. C’est une erreur de doigt, Monsieur Butterfingers (doigts glissants). Avez-vous besoin d’aide, ou est-ce que ça va ? Vous avez l’air d’être bien débrouillard. | ||
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+ | Q : J’ai suivi un cours en ligne et je suis bloqué avant même de commencer. J’utilise toujours Ubuntu 20.04, mais je peux installer la 21.04 au besoin. La première erreur est Error: No such command '/ | ||
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+ | R : Allez mon vieux, on a enlevé la clause de non-responsabilité Celery l’année dernière (environ il y a un mois ou deux). Tapez $PATH (en majuscules) et cherchez-le là. Quand vous allez dans / | ||
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+ | **Q: I have installed Xubuntu on my dead Mac. I didn’t like where it went after Snow leopard, so now it cannot get updates, hence Xubuntu. Though there are similarities, | ||
A: In the menu go to Settings -> Session and Startup and in there is a tab labelled “Saved Sessions”. At the bottom you can clear it. | A: In the menu go to Settings -> Session and Startup and in there is a tab labelled “Saved Sessions”. At the bottom you can clear it. | ||
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Q: Let’s be blunt, I am computer illiterate. With that out of the way, I can safely say I did not edit / | Q: Let’s be blunt, I am computer illiterate. With that out of the way, I can safely say I did not edit / | ||
- | A: There is another... As master Yoda says. If you open your “Software and Updates”, you will notice that the third tab says “Updates”right at the bottom of that tab, you will notice “Notify me of new Ubuntu version”, that is most probably where it changed with the slip of a mouse, or something. Change that to LTS. | + | A: There is another... As master Yoda says. If you open your “Software and Updates”, you will notice that the third tab says “Updates”right at the bottom of that tab, you will notice “Notify me of new Ubuntu version”, that is most probably where it changed with the slip of a mouse, or something. Change that to LTS. ** |
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+ | Q : J’ai installé Xubuntu sur mon Mac mort. Je n’ai pas aimé ce qu’il est devenu après Snow Leopard et il ne pouvait plus recevoir les mises à jour, d’où Xubuntu. Bien qu’il y ait des similarités – je l’ai même configuré pour qu’il ressemble au dernier OSX – il y a beaucoup de différences. Là où des choses étaient liées à mon profil sous OSX, sous Xubuntu ce n’est pas le cas. J’ai cliqué à nouveau sur ouvrir mes fenêtres quand je me connecte et cela fonctionnait bien, jusqu’à ça ne fonctionne plus. Où puis-je le supprimer ? | ||
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+ | R : Dans le menu allez à Paramètres → Session et Démarrage et là-dedans il y a un onglet appelé « Sessions sauvegardées ». Vous pouvez le supprimer en bas. | ||
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+ | Q : Soyons clairs : je suis un novice de l’informatique. Cela étant posé, je peux dire avec certitude que je n’ai pas édité / | ||
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+ | R : Il y en a un autre… comme dit maître Yoda. Si vous ouvrez « Logiciels et mises à jour », vous verrez que tout à fait en bas du troisième onglet (« Mises à jour »), « Me notifier d’une nouvelle version d’Ubuntu » et c’est là que cela a probablement changé quand la souris à glissé ou autre. Changez cela à LTS. | ||
- | Q: When I start my computer in recovery mode, I see this, failed to start Load apparmor profiles. Ubuntu 21.04, i7, 32GB RAM and then it doesn’t load the recovery. Failed to start default target: Transaction for graphical.target is destructive. | + | **Q: When I start my computer in recovery mode, I see this, failed to start Load apparmor profiles. Ubuntu 21.04, i7, 32GB RAM and then it doesn’t load the recovery. Failed to start default target: Transaction for graphical.target is destructive. |
A: I would suggest booting from an Ubuntu CD or USB and running fsck on that drive. If all else fails, copy your home folder and reinstall. | A: I would suggest booting from an Ubuntu CD or USB and running fsck on that drive. If all else fails, copy your home folder and reinstall. | ||
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Q: My laptop is Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS Kernel 4.15.0.166 Mesa 3.0 v20.0.8 and then when I use Steam proton, I get an error saying Dx11 Feature Level 10.0 Is Required to Run the Engine. | Q: My laptop is Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS Kernel 4.15.0.166 Mesa 3.0 v20.0.8 and then when I use Steam proton, I get an error saying Dx11 Feature Level 10.0 Is Required to Run the Engine. | ||
- | A: I am afraid your graphics card driver does not seem to be loaded, Mesa is a generic driver. You need to go to “drivers” and install the proprietary driver for your graphics card. That said, the card needs to support DX11. If it does not, you will not be able to play DX11 games. | + | A: I am afraid your graphics card driver does not seem to be loaded, Mesa is a generic driver. You need to go to “drivers” and install the proprietary driver for your graphics card. That said, the card needs to support DX11. If it does not, you will not be able to play DX11 games. ** |
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+ | Q : Quand je démarre mon ordinateur en mode récupération, | ||
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+ | R : Je suggérerais de démarrer sur un CD ou une clé USB d’Ubuntu pour lancer fsck sur ce disque-là. Au pire, copiez votre dossier personnel et faites une réinstallation. | ||
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+ | Q : Mon portable est Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS Noyau 4.15.0.166 Mesa 3.0 v20.0.8 et quand j’utilise Steam Proton, il y a un message d’erreur : | ||
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+ | R : J’ai bien peur que le pilote de votre carte graphique ne soit pas chargé, Mesa étant un pilote générique. Il faut aller à « Pilotes » et installer le pilote propriétaire de votre carte graphique. Cela étant dit, la carte doit prendre en charge DX11. Si ce n’est pas le cas, vous ne pourrez pas jouer aux jeux DX11. | ||
issue177/q._et_r.1643463921.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2022/01/29 14:45 de auntiee