issue197:mon_opinion
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue197:mon_opinion [2023/09/30 17:43] – créée auntiee | issue197:mon_opinion [2023/10/05 18:42] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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- | Previously we downloaded the ISO file for Linux Mint 21 Cinnamon Edition, created a bootable USB flash drive using this file, and looked at how to try out the features of the distro by simply booting into the live-USB version of Mint. This time, we will use the ISO file to create a Linux virtual machine (VM) directly on our Windows 10 desktop using Oracle’s VirtualBox virtualization software package. | + | **Previously we downloaded the ISO file for Linux Mint 21 Cinnamon Edition, created a bootable USB flash drive using this file, and looked at how to try out the features of the distro by simply booting into the live-USB version of Mint. This time, we will use the ISO file to create a Linux virtual machine (VM) directly on our Windows 10 desktop using Oracle’s VirtualBox virtualization software package. |
From the VirtualBox web site (https:// | From the VirtualBox web site (https:// | ||
- | We can install VirtualBox by double-clicking on VirtualBox-7.0.4-154605-Win.exe and accepting the defaults offered by the installation wizard. The installation proceeds very rapidly and we click on Finish to complete the process. Running the newly-installed program displays the main VirtualBox window. | + | We can install VirtualBox by double-clicking on VirtualBox-7.0.4-154605-Win.exe and accepting the defaults offered by the installation wizard. The installation proceeds very rapidly and we click on Finish to complete the process. Running the newly-installed program displays the main VirtualBox window.** |
- | Our first task is to install the extension pack that we downloaded. The process is pretty simple; we just double-click on the file Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-7.0.4.vbox-extpack. However, if you are running Windows on a regular user’s account, note that there is no Run as administrator option; you must be actually logged in as an administrator to install the extension pack. Once again, a wizard guides us through the installation process. Note also that it is necessary to read (or at least scroll down to the end of) the licence agreement before the I Agree button is activated. Once the installation is complete, control is returned to the main program window, and we are ready to create our first virtual machine. | ||
- | First, we need to set up the parameters for the VM. Clicking on the New icon brings up a dialogue box where we can enter Linux Mint 21 as the Name of our machine and then browse, using the drop-down menu in ISO Image, for our downloaded | + | Précédemment, nous avons téléchargé le fichier ISO de Linux Mint 21 Cinnamon Edition, créé une clé USB amorçable avec ce ficher et avons vu comment essayer la distro |
- | Clicking on Next brings up a further dialogue box where we can customize our installation. We can overwrite the Username and Password with values that make sense to us rather than leaving the default entries. We should also select the Guest Additions checkbox that will optimize the installed OS. The wizard doesn’t seem to like the Hostname of Linux Mint 21 so, in order to continue with the installation, | + | À partir du site Web de VirtualBox (https:// |
- | The subsequent screens set up the parameters for the VM, including the amount of memory, the number of processors, and disk size, In this first instance of installing a VM, we will accept the default values for all of these and just keep clicking on Next to continue until we reach the Summary screen where we can click on Finish. | + | Nous pouvons installer VirtualBox en double-cliquant sur VirtualBox-7.0.4-154605-Win.exe et en acceptant les valeurs par défaut proposées par l’assistant d’installation. L’installation est très rapide et nous cliquons sur Finish |
- | The main program window now shows that a Linux Mint 21 virtual machine is available, and this is automatically powered up to display a second window showing the GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader) menu. We can then press Enter to use the first menu option Start Linux Mint 21 Cinnamon 64-bit to fire up Mint 21 as our VM. | + | **Our first task is to install the extension pack that we downloaded. The process is pretty simple; we just double-click on the file Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-7.0.4.vbox-extpack. However, if you are running Windows on a regular user’s account, note that there is no Run as administrator option; you must be actually logged in as an administrator to install the extension pack. Once again, a wizard guides us through the installation process. Note also that it is necessary to read (or at least scroll down to the end of) the licence agreement before the I Agree button is activated. Once the installation is complete, control is returned to the main program window, and we are ready to create our first virtual machine. |
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+ | First, we need to set up the parameters for the VM. Clicking on the New icon brings up a dialogue box where we can enter Linux Mint 21 as the Name of our machine and then browse, using the drop-down menu in ISO Image, for our downloaded distro file linuxmint-21-cinnamon-64bit.iso. This sets Type as Linux and Version as Ubuntu (64-bit). While the latter designation may seem odd given that we are installing Mint, we should be aware that Linux Mint is based on Ubuntu Linux so the selection is not unreasonable.** | ||
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+ | Notre première tâche est d' | ||
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+ | D’abord, il faut créer les paramètres de la VM. Un clic sur l’icône « New » affiche une boîte de dialogue où nous pouvons entrer le nom de notre machine, Linux Mint 21, puis parcourir le menu déroulant d'« Image ISO » pour trouver le fichier téléchargé linuxmint-21-cinnamon-64bit.iso. Cela règle le Type à Linux et la Version à Ubuntu (64-bit). Bien que cette dernière désignation puisse sembler bizarre étant donné que nous installons Mint, nous devrions savoir que Linux Mint est basée sur Ubuntu Linux et, ainsi, que la sélection n’est pas déraisonnable. | ||
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+ | **Clicking on Next brings up a further dialogue box where we can customize our installation. We can overwrite the Username and Password with values that make sense to us rather than leaving the default entries. We should also select the Guest Additions checkbox that will optimize the installed OS. The wizard doesn’t seem to like the Hostname of Linux Mint 21 so, in order to continue with the installation, | ||
+ | |||
+ | The subsequent screens set up the parameters for the VM, including the amount of memory, the number of processors, and disk size, In this first instance of installing a VM, we will accept the default values for all of these and just keep clicking on Next to continue until we reach the Summary screen where we can click on Finish.** | ||
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+ | Un clic sur « Next » (Suivant) affiche une autre boîte de dialogue où nous pouvons personnaliser notre installation. Nous pouvons écraser les Username et Password avec des valeurs qui nous semblent censées plutôt que de laisser les entrées par défaut. Nous devrons également sélectionner la case à cocher Guest Additions qui optimisera l’OS installé. Linux Mint 21 en tant que « Hostname » ne semble pas plaire à l’assistant et, pour pouvoir continuer l’installation, | ||
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+ | Les écrans suivants configurent les paramètres de la VM, y compris la quantité de mémoire, le nombre de processeurs et la taille du disque. Lors de cette première installation d’une VM, nous accepterons les valeurs par défaut de tout cela et cliquerons sur « Next » pour continuer jusqu’à l’écran « Summary » (Résumé) où nous pouvons cliquer sur « Finish ». (Terminer) | ||
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+ | **The main program window now shows that a Linux Mint 21 virtual machine is available, and this is automatically powered up to display a second window showing the GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader) menu. We can then press Enter to use the first menu option Start Linux Mint 21 Cinnamon 64-bit to fire up Mint 21 as our VM. | ||
A pop-up message indicates Mouse integration. Clicking on this text displays details of the advisory which tells us that the guest OS (Linux Mint) supports mouse pointer integration. This simplifies use of the mouse in both the VM and on the Windows 10 desktop as the operations between the two are completely seamless. Otherwise, it is necessary to “capture” the mouse pointer in the VM and subsequently restore the mouse function to the Windows desktop using various control-key sequences. To remove the advisory message, click on the Delete finished notifications icon in the top-right corner of the pop-up window. | A pop-up message indicates Mouse integration. Clicking on this text displays details of the advisory which tells us that the guest OS (Linux Mint) supports mouse pointer integration. This simplifies use of the mouse in both the VM and on the Windows 10 desktop as the operations between the two are completely seamless. Otherwise, it is necessary to “capture” the mouse pointer in the VM and subsequently restore the mouse function to the Windows desktop using various control-key sequences. To remove the advisory message, click on the Delete finished notifications icon in the top-right corner of the pop-up window. | ||
- | Now, while we appear to have a virtual machine running Linux Mint, we haven’t actually installed Linux on the VM. The current state is like booting a computer using a live-USB. However, before we do install Linux, let’s first check that we have an Internet connection. | + | Now, while we appear to have a virtual machine running Linux Mint, we haven’t actually installed Linux on the VM. The current state is like booting a computer using a live-USB. However, before we do install Linux, let’s first check that we have an Internet connection.** |
- | Click on the icon in the panel to run the Firefox web browser. Two tabs will be displayed, one indicating Welcome to Firefox, and the other headed Firefox Privacy Notice. Selecting this second tab shows that the page has been loaded from https:// | + | La fenêtre principale du programme affiche maintenant la disponibilité d’une machine virtuelle avec Linux Mint 21 et cela affiche automatiquement une deuxième fenêtre qui montre le menu de GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader). Nous pouvons alors appuyer sur « Enter » (Entrée) pour nous servir de la première option du menu, Start Linux Mint 21 Cinnamon 64-bit, pour lancer Mint 21 comme notre VM. |
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+ | Un message s' | ||
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+ | Maintenant, alors qu’il nous semble avoir une machine virtuelle sous Linux Mint, nous n’avons en fait pas installé Linux sur la VM. L’état actuel est comme quand on démarre un ordinateur en Live sur une clé USB. Cependant, avant de vraiment installer Linux, vérifions d’abord si nous avons une connexion au Net. | ||
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+ | **Click on the icon in the panel to run the Firefox web browser. Two tabs will be displayed, one indicating Welcome to Firefox, and the other headed Firefox Privacy Notice. Selecting this second tab shows that the page has been loaded from https:// | ||
So, now let’s double-click on the Install Linux Mint icon on the VM’s desktop, and start the installation process of the Linux Mint operating system. | So, now let’s double-click on the Install Linux Mint icon on the VM’s desktop, and start the installation process of the Linux Mint operating system. | ||
Ligne 25: | Ligne 46: | ||
A Welcome screen offers us an option to read the release notes for Mint 21, but we can readily forego this. Instead, note that the default selection for language is English so we can simply press Continue to proceed. Similarly, the subsequent screen has English (US) as the default entry for the Keyboard layout, so once again we can press Continue. | A Welcome screen offers us an option to read the release notes for Mint 21, but we can readily forego this. Instead, note that the default selection for language is English so we can simply press Continue to proceed. Similarly, the subsequent screen has English (US) as the default entry for the Keyboard layout, so once again we can press Continue. | ||
- | On the next screen, check Install multimedia codecs and press Continue. | + | On the next screen, check Install multimedia codecs and press Continue.** |
- | The subsequent screen is labelled Installation type, and wants to know on which disk or partition Linux is to be installed. The default is Erase disk and install Linux Mint. Normally, when using the computer’s hard disk, I would opt to install Linux on a separate partition; however, since we are using a virtual machine, running on a virtual disk, it is perfectly fine to use the entire virtual disk for the installation. Pressing Install Now brings up a screen asking Write the changes to disk? At which point we can once again press Continue. | + | Cliquez sur l’icône dans le panneau pour lancer le navigateur Web Firefox. Deux onglets s’afficheront, |
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+ | Faisons donc un double-clic sur l’icône Install Linux Mint sur le bureau de la VM et commençons le processus d’installation du système d’exploitation Linux Mint. | ||
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+ | Un écran d’accueil nous propose de lire les notes de version de Mint 21, mais nous pouvons sauter cette étape. À la place, notez que la sélection de langage est l’anglais par défaut [Ndt : vous pouvez sans doute sélectionner le français], puis appuyez sur Suivant pour continuer. De façon similaire, l’écran suivant donne l’anglais (US) comme choix par défaut pour la disposition du clavier et vous pouvez sélectionner le français avant d’appuyer sur Suivant. | ||
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+ | Sur l’écran suivant, cochez Installer les codecs multimédia et appuyez sur Suivant. | ||
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+ | **The subsequent screen is labelled Installation type, and wants to know on which disk or partition Linux is to be installed. The default is Erase disk and install Linux Mint. Normally, when using the computer’s hard disk, I would opt to install Linux on a separate partition; however, since we are using a virtual machine, running on a virtual disk, it is perfectly fine to use the entire virtual disk for the installation. Pressing Install Now brings up a screen asking Write the changes to disk? At which point we can once again press Continue. | ||
Now a screen asks Where are you? for which Toronto may be the default (based on the location of your Internet Service Provider’s server). The actual city is irrelevant since Linux really wants to know in which time zone you are located. Responding with Toronto establishes EST/EDT. | Now a screen asks Where are you? for which Toronto may be the default (based on the location of your Internet Service Provider’s server). The actual city is irrelevant since Linux really wants to know in which time zone you are located. Responding with Toronto establishes EST/EDT. | ||
- | The final user-input screen wants entries for Your Name, Your computer’s name, Pick a username, and Choose a password. Enter your preferred values for each of these items. You can use anything you wish for your name and the computer’s name. The username must begin with a lowercase letter although, subsequently, | + | The final user-input screen wants entries for Your Name, Your computer’s name, Pick a username, and Choose a password. Enter your preferred values for each of these items. You can use anything you wish for your name and the computer’s name. The username must begin with a lowercase letter although, subsequently, |
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+ | L' | ||
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+ | Maintenant un écran demande votre emplacement et la valeur par défaut est basée sur l’emplacement du serveur de votre fournisseur de services Internet. La ville proposée n’est pas pertinente puisque Linux veut en fait savoir votre fuseau horaire. Ma réponse de Toronto établit EST/EDT (zone horaire de la côte est de l’Amérique du nord). | ||
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+ | Le dernier écran demande votre nom, le nom de votre ordinateur, votre choix de nom d’utilisateur et votre choix de mot de passe. Entrez ce que vous voulez pour chacun de ces éléments et, notamment, pour votre nom et le nom de l’ordinateur. Votre nom d’utilisateur doit commencer par une lettre minuscule bien que, par la suite, on ne vous demandera pas votre nom d’utilisateur (vous n’utilisez pas le nom d’utilisateur pour vous connecter au système). Notez que, par défaut, la case à cocher appelée Mot de passe nécessaire à la connexion est activée. Ainsi, si vous acceptez cela, notez bien votre mot de passe de connexion, car vous devez l’utiliser pour vous connecter (et pour toute opération subséquente avec root). Une fois que tout est terminé, appuyez pour la dernière fois sur Suivant. | ||
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+ | **A series of information screens is now displayed as a progress bar indicates that the installation of the OS is proceeding. Eventually, an Installation Complete pop-up dialogue box asks Continue Testing or Restart Now. We will restart the VM and proceed with trying the features of Linux Mint just as though we have installed the operating system on a real computer. | ||
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+ | We can ignore the instruction to remove the installation medium. The VM reboots and requests the password that we selected during the installation. The first screen includes the Welcome to Linux Mint tutorial. You can click through the items listed on the left-side menu, but it’s also useful to uncheck the box labelled Show this dialog at startup on this initial screen to prevent the information being repeated ad nauseum.** | ||
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+ | Une série d’écrans informatifs s’affichent maintenant pendant qu’une barre de progrès indique que l’installation de l’OS est en cours. À la fin, une boîte de dialogue Installation complète s' | ||
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+ | Nous pouvons ignorer l’instruction d’enlever le média d’installation. La VM redémarre et demande le mot de passe que nous avons choisi pendant l’installation. Le premier écran comprend le tutoriel Bienvenue à Linux Mint. Vous pouvez parcourir les éléments listés dans le menu à gauche, mais il est également utile de décocher la boîte Montrez ce dialogue au démarrage sur ce premier écran pour l’empêcher de se répéter ad vitam aeternam. | ||
- | A series of information screens | + | **The final screen should look familiar. It’s basically the first screen that is displayed |
- | We can ignore the instruction to remove the installation medium. The VM reboots and requests the password that we selected during the installation. The first screen includes the Welcome | + | Our next step will be to physically install |
- | The final screen should look familiar. It’s basically the first screen that is displayed when a live-USB is booted, minus the option | + | Le dernier écran devrait sembler familier. C’est essentiellement le premier écran qui est affiché lors du démarrage sur une clé USB live, moins l’option |
- | Our next step will be to physically install | + | Notre prochaine étape sera d’installer |
issue197/mon_opinion.1696088608.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2023/09/30 17:43 de auntiee