issue212:critique2
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue212:critique2 [2024/12/27 17:48] – créée auntiee | issue212:critique2 [2025/01/02 16:50] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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- | I have always admired Linux distributions that offer minimal installations for two reasons. The first and most obvious is that they make for smaller downloads. The second is that you don’t have a long list of unwanted applications to remove after installation, | + | **I have always admired Linux distributions that offer minimal installations for two reasons. The first and most obvious is that they make for smaller downloads. The second is that you don’t have a long list of unwanted applications to remove after installation, |
- | You would think it would be easy to create a minimal version of a distribution, | + | You would think it would be easy to create a minimal version of a distribution, |
- | Xubuntu has its own take on the problem and so I thought I would download that and take it for a test flight to see if they got it right. | + | Depuis très longtemps, j’admire les distributions Linux qui proposent des installations minimales pour deux raisons. La première et la plus évidente est qu’elles rendent le téléchargement plus petit. La deuxième est que vous n’avez pas une grande liste d’applications indésirables à enlever après l’installation, |
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+ | Vous pourriez penser que ce serait facile de créer une version minimale d’une distribution ; | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | **Xubuntu has its own take on the problem and so I thought I would download that and take it for a test flight to see if they got it right. | ||
This release | This release | ||
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Xubuntu 24.10 came out on 10 October, 2024. As it is an interim release, it is supported for nine months, until July, 2025. This is the first of three interim releases that will ultimately result in the next long term support (LTS) version, Xubuntu 26.04 LTS, due out in April, 2026. The three interim releases give the developers a chance to try out new ideas plus test fixes and upgrades before they land in the LTS version. | Xubuntu 24.10 came out on 10 October, 2024. As it is an interim release, it is supported for nine months, until July, 2025. This is the first of three interim releases that will ultimately result in the next long term support (LTS) version, Xubuntu 26.04 LTS, due out in April, 2026. The three interim releases give the developers a chance to try out new ideas plus test fixes and upgrades before they land in the LTS version. | ||
- | Xubuntu 24.10 is the 38th Xubuntu release; the first one was 6.06 which came out on 1 June, 2006. | + | Xubuntu 24.10 is the 38th Xubuntu release; the first one was 6.06 which came out on 1 June, 2006.** |
+ | |||
+ | Xubuntu a sa propre idée du problème et j’ai donc pensé télécharger cela et l’essayer pour voir s’ils l’ont fait comme il fallait. | ||
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+ | Cette publication | ||
+ | |||
+ | Xubuntu 24.10 est sortie le 10 octobre 2024. En tant que version intérimaire, | ||
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+ | Xubuntu 24.10 est la 38e version de Xubuntu ; la première étant la 6.06, sortie le 1er juin 2006. | ||
- | Background | + | **Background |
Work on a minimal version of Xubuntu started more than ten years ago with the first version out on 6 May, 2015, under the name “Xubuntu Core”. Starting with Xubuntu 23.10, which was released on 20 April, 2023, it was made an official Xubuntu sub-project and renamed “Xubuntu Minimal”. | Work on a minimal version of Xubuntu started more than ten years ago with the first version out on 6 May, 2015, under the name “Xubuntu Core”. Starting with Xubuntu 23.10, which was released on 20 April, 2023, it was made an official Xubuntu sub-project and renamed “Xubuntu Minimal”. | ||
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Today, Xubuntu has two separate versions for download: xubuntu-24.10-desktop-amd64.iso and xubuntu-24.10-minimal-amd64.iso. The Desktop version is the traditional, | Today, Xubuntu has two separate versions for download: xubuntu-24.10-desktop-amd64.iso and xubuntu-24.10-minimal-amd64.iso. The Desktop version is the traditional, | ||
- | Minimal is noticeably smaller, too. In the case of Xubuntu 24.10, the Desktop version is a 4.2 GB download, while Minimal is 2.8 GB, just two thirds the size. So the items omitted save 1.4 GB, which is substantial. | + | Minimal is noticeably smaller, too. In the case of Xubuntu 24.10, the Desktop version is a 4.2 GB download, while Minimal is 2.8 GB, just two thirds the size. So the items omitted save 1.4 GB, which is substantial. |
- | Installation | + | Contexte |
+ | |||
+ | Le travail sur une version minimale de Xubuntu a commencé il y a plus de dix ans, le 6 mai 2015, avec la première version sous l’appellation de « Xubuntu Core ». À partir de Xubuntu 23.10, qui est sortie le 20 avril 2023, elle est devenue un sous-projet officiel de Xubuntu et a été renommée « Xubuntu Minimal ». | ||
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+ | Aujourd’hui, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Minimal est sensiblement plus petite aussi. Dans le cas de Xubuntu 24.10, la version Desktop est un téléchargement de 4,2 Go, alors que celui de Minimal fait 2,8 Go ; sa taille n'est que deux tiers de celle de la version Desktop. Ainsi, les éléments omis économisent 1,4 Go, ce qui est considérable. | ||
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+ | |||
+ | **Installation | ||
I got Xubuntu 24.10 Minimal from the official source via BitTorrent using Transmission, | I got Xubuntu 24.10 Minimal from the official source via BitTorrent using Transmission, | ||
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20 GB of hard-drive space | 20 GB of hard-drive space | ||
- | That specified 2 GB of RAM is probably a bit light these days, particularly for web browsing, so 8 GB of RAM is probably a more realistic minimum, although more RAM is always good. | + | That specified 2 GB of RAM is probably a bit light these days, particularly for web browsing, so 8 GB of RAM is probably a more realistic minimum, although more RAM is always good.** |
- | New | + | Installation |
+ | |||
+ | J’ai récupéré Xubuntu 24.10 Minimal à partir de la source officielle via BitTorrent avec Transmission et j'ai ensuite fait une vérification de somme SHA256 en ligne de commande pour m’assurer que mon exemplaire n’était pas corrompu. | ||
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+ | J’ai testé Xubuntu 24.10 Minimal en mettant son fichier ISO sur une clé USB équipée de Ventoy 1.0.99. Xubuntu est officiellement prise en charge par Ventoy et, comme attendu, elle a très bien fonctionné avec, à la fin du démarrage, un bureau sympa et très minimal. | ||
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+ | Exigences système | ||
+ | |||
+ | Les exigences système recommandées pour Xubuntu 24.10 n’ont pas changé depuis la 21.04 et restent : | ||
+ | un processeur à double cœur et à 1,5 GHz | ||
+ | 2 Go de RAM | ||
+ | 20 Go d’espace disque | ||
+ | |||
+ | Les 2 Go de RAM spécifiés sont probablement un peu légers de nos jours, surtout pour naviguer sur le Web et 8 Go de RAM est probablement un minimum plus réaliste, car plus de RAM est toujours une bonne chose. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | **New | ||
Both the Desktop and Minimal versions of Xubuntu 24.10 share the same new features including the GTK-based Xfce 4.19 desktop, which is a developmental preview of the upcoming Xfce 4.20. | Both the Desktop and Minimal versions of Xubuntu 24.10 share the same new features including the GTK-based Xfce 4.19 desktop, which is a developmental preview of the upcoming Xfce 4.20. | ||
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The Desktop version also includes updated applications from GNOME 46, 47 and MATE 1.26. The Linux kernel is version 6.11 and the initialization system is now systemd 256.5. It is worth noting that Xubuntu has been using systemd since 15.04, so this is the 20th release over ten years with no issues in all that time. | The Desktop version also includes updated applications from GNOME 46, 47 and MATE 1.26. The Linux kernel is version 6.11 and the initialization system is now systemd 256.5. It is worth noting that Xubuntu has been using systemd since 15.04, so this is the 20th release over ten years with no issues in all that time. | ||
- | The Xfce Power Manager, Desktop, Settings and most of the other Xfce system components have been updated to their new 4.19 versions. | + | The Xfce Power Manager, Desktop, Settings and most of the other Xfce system components have been updated to their new 4.19 versions.** |
- | Not new, but still a real annoyance during live sessions is that, once again, Xubuntu locks out all drives, just like in Ubuntu Cinnamon 24.10. This means that Xubuntu 24.10 is useless as a rescue disk. It also makes doing screenshots for reviews and getting them off the live session much more difficult, as I normally just save them to a USB stick. In this case, I had to install a web browser, getting the Firefox Snap file from the command line, sign into a cloud service, upload the screenshots, | + | Nouveautés |
- | Settings | + | Les deux versions de Xubuntu 24.10, Desktop et Minimal, partagent les mêmes nouvelles fonctionnalités dont le bureau Xfce 4.198 basé sur GTK, qui est un aperçu expérimental du prochain Xfce 4.20. |
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+ | La version Desktop comprend également des applications mises à jour venant de GNOME 46 et 47 et de MATE 1.26. Le noyau Linux est la version 6.11 et le système d’initialisation est maintenant systemd 256.5. Il convient de signaler que Xubuntu utilise systemd depuis la 15.04 ; ainsi, celle-ci est la 20e version au cours de dix ans, sans aucun problème pendant tout ce temps. | ||
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+ | Le gestionnaire d’alimentation Desktop, les paramètres de Xfce et la plupart des autres composants système de Xfce, sont mis à jour vers la nouvelle version, la 4.19. | ||
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+ | **Not new, but still a real annoyance during live sessions is that, once again, Xubuntu locks out all drives, just like in Ubuntu Cinnamon 24.10. This means that Xubuntu 24.10 is useless as a rescue disk. It also makes doing screenshots for reviews and getting them off the live session much more difficult, as I normally just save them to a USB stick. In this case, I had to install a web browser, getting the Firefox Snap file from the command line, sign into a cloud service, upload the screenshots, | ||
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+ | Encore une fois, Xbuntu verrouille tous les disques, tout comme Ubuntu Cinnamon 24.10. Ce n’est pas une nouveauté, mais reste une vraie gêne pendant des sessions Live. Cela signifie que Xubuntu 24.10 est inutilisable comme disque de secours. De plus, cela rend les captures d’écran pour les critiques et leur récupération à partir d’une session Live d’autant plus difficiles, car, normalement, | ||
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+ | |||
+ | **Settings | ||
Xubuntu 24.10 still uses the Greybird window color scheme as its default, in the same version as last release, 3.23.3. There are still a total of six window themes provided in the " | Xubuntu 24.10 still uses the Greybird window color scheme as its default, in the same version as last release, 3.23.3. There are still a total of six window themes provided in the " | ||
- | As is always the case, there is a new default wallpaper for this release, designed by Pasi Lallinaho, who has done all the release wallpapers since Xubuntu 9.04. This one is another modernist abstract design of floating circles on a dark blue background. Lallinaho seems to have had a thing for floating circles over the years. To save space Xubuntu Minimal includes only two other additional wallpapers, although you can easily download any of the previous Xubuntu ones you fancy, or use your own, of course. Even though this release is code named " | + | As is always the case, there is a new default wallpaper for this release, designed by Pasi Lallinaho, who has done all the release wallpapers since Xubuntu 9.04. This one is another modernist abstract design of floating circles on a dark blue background. Lallinaho seems to have had a thing for floating circles over the years. To save space Xubuntu Minimal includes only two other additional wallpapers, although you can easily download any of the previous Xubuntu ones you fancy, or use your own, of course. Even though this release is code named " |
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+ | Paramètres | ||
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+ | Xubuntu 24.10 utilise toujours le schéma des couleurs de fenêtre Greybird par défaut, dans la même version que celle de la dernière publication, | ||
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+ | Comme d’habitude, | ||
- | Just like all the Xubuntu releases in the last ten years since 14.04 LTS, this one employs Whisker as its menu system. Prior to Xubuntu 24.04 LTS, the Whisker Menu could be resized, but this is no longer the case and it is now fixed in size. With some other Ubuntu-family distributions, | + | **Just like all the Xubuntu releases in the last ten years since 14.04 LTS, this one employs Whisker as its menu system. Prior to Xubuntu 24.04 LTS, the Whisker Menu could be resized, but this is no longer the case and it is now fixed in size. With some other Ubuntu-family distributions, |
Applications | Applications | ||
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Xfce4 Terminal 1.1.3 terminal emulator* | Xfce4 Terminal 1.1.3 terminal emulator* | ||
- | * indicates same application version as used in Xubuntu 24.04 LTS | + | * indicates same application version as used in Xubuntu 24.04 LTS** |
- | As can be seen, Xubuntu 24.10 Minimal really is minimal. It comes with very little in the way of user applications: | + | Comme toutes les versions de Xubuntu depuis 10 ans et la 14.04 LTS, celle-ci utilise Whisker en tant que système de menu. Avant Xubuntu 24.04 LTS, le menu Whisker pouvait être redimensionné, |
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+ | Applications | ||
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+ | Les applications livrées avec Xubuntu 24.10 Minimal sont : | ||
+ | • APT 2.9.8 gestionnaire de paquets en ligne de commande | ||
+ | • Gparted 1.5.0 éditeur de partitions* | ||
+ | • Synaptic 0.91.3 système de gestion de paquets* | ||
+ | • Thunar 4.19.3 gestionnaire de fichiers | ||
+ | • Wget 1.24.5 téléchargeur de page Web en ligne de commande | ||
+ | • Xfce4 Screenshooter 1.11.1 outil de capture d’écran | ||
+ | • Xfce4 Terminal 1.1.3 émulateur de terminal* | ||
+ | |||
+ | * indique la même version de l’application que celle utilisée dans Xubuntu 24.04 LTS | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | **As can be seen, Xubuntu 24.10 Minimal really is minimal. It comes with very little in the way of user applications: | ||
I think this release very much fulfills its role as a true minimal version, but that does mean that it is probably not a good choice for beginners. Adding to the challenge is that it only comes with two means to add applications: | I think this release very much fulfills its role as a true minimal version, but that does mean that it is probably not a good choice for beginners. Adding to the challenge is that it only comes with two means to add applications: | ||
- | Xubuntu Minimal also comes with the Snap daemon, snapd, installed as a .deb file and also as a Snap file pre-installed (which is normal). That means it is " | + | Xubuntu Minimal also comes with the Snap daemon, snapd, installed as a .deb file and also as a Snap file pre-installed (which is normal). That means it is " |
- | Conclusions | + | Comme vous pouvez le constater, Xubuntu 24.10 Minimal est vraiment minimal. Elle est livrée avec très peu d’applications utilisateur : |
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+ | Je pense que cette publication remplit ses fonctions comme une vraie version minimale, mais cela signifie, en fait, que ce n’est probablement pas un bon choix pour les débutants. Ce qui accroît le défi est qu’elle arrive avec seulement deux façons d’ajouter des applications : | ||
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+ | Xubuntu Minimal est livrée avec le démon Snap, snapd, installé en tant que fichier .deb et aussi comme un fichier Snap pré-installé (ce qui est normal). Cela signifie que c’est « prêt pour les Snaps » et vous pouvez, donc y aller et installer tous les paquets Snap que vous voulez, tel Firefox. | ||
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+ | **Conclusions | ||
Xubuntu 24.10 Minimal is a great release and is exactly what a minimal distribution should be: only what you need to get started and no more, all in a small, separate download package. When you boot it up it is absolutely not ready for work, but it is ready to be customized and then get to work. As long as you know what you are doing, installation and customization should be a quick and easy process, but this is not a distribution for beginners. | Xubuntu 24.10 Minimal is a great release and is exactly what a minimal distribution should be: only what you need to get started and no more, all in a small, separate download package. When you boot it up it is absolutely not ready for work, but it is ready to be customized and then get to work. As long as you know what you are doing, installation and customization should be a quick and easy process, but this is not a distribution for beginners. | ||
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Official website: | Official website: | ||
+ | https:// | ||
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+ | Conclusions | ||
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+ | Xubuntu 24.10 Minimal est une publication géniale ; elle est exactement ce que devrait être une distribution minimale : juste ce qu’il vous faut pour démarrer, pas plus, le tout dans un petit paquet distinct à télécharger. Quand vous démarrez la distribution, | ||
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+ | La prochaine version de Xubuntu sera la 25.04, la deuxième version intérimaire, | ||
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+ | Lien externe | ||
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+ | Site Web officiel : | ||
https:// | https:// | ||
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issue212/critique2.1735318124.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2024/12/27 17:48 de auntiee