issue213:inkscape
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
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issue213:inkscape [2025/02/01 12:16] – créée d52fr | issue213:inkscape [2025/02/02 18:08] (Version actuelle) – d52fr | ||
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- | Last month, I covered some of the smaller, less well publicized, changes and additions in Inkscape 1.4. Let’s have more of the same this month… | + | **Last month, I covered some of the smaller, less well publicized, changes and additions in Inkscape 1.4. Let’s have more of the same this month… |
Spray tool | Spray tool | ||
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To be honest, the Spray Tool (Shift-F3 or ‘A’) is one that I very rarely use. I covered it in depth more than a decade ago, back in part 26 of this series (FCM #86), and the base functionality has changed little since then. It has acquired a few extra controls over the years, and the developers have even sneaked in some extra toolbar buttons with version 1.4 which aren’t mentioned in any of the release documentation I’ve seen. Some further experimentation will be required so that I can dedicate a future article to all the capabilities this tool now has. | To be honest, the Spray Tool (Shift-F3 or ‘A’) is one that I very rarely use. I covered it in depth more than a decade ago, back in part 26 of this series (FCM #86), and the base functionality has changed little since then. It has acquired a few extra controls over the years, and the developers have even sneaked in some extra toolbar buttons with version 1.4 which aren’t mentioned in any of the release documentation I’ve seen. Some further experimentation will be required so that I can dedicate a future article to all the capabilities this tool now has. | ||
- | For the time being, however, I’m only going to look at a couple of seemingly small changes in 1.4 which, in my opinion, greatly extend the utility of this tool. With these tweaks, the spray tool not only serves its main purpose of… well… spraying, but it also becomes a useful multi-stamping tool. | + | For the time being, however, I’m only going to look at a couple of seemingly small changes in 1.4 which, in my opinion, greatly extend the utility of this tool. With these tweaks, the spray tool not only serves its main purpose of… well… spraying, but it also becomes a useful multi-stamping tool.** |
- | “Stamping” in Inkscape refers to a way of pasting multiple copies of an object, one-by-one. You simply drag the object in question around the canvas, and each time you press the spacebar, a copy is pasted at that location. If you need to quickly create a few copies of an object, it’s more efficient than repeatedly reaching for Ctrl-V then having to place the item in the required location. With snapping enabled, it makes for an extremely fast way to precisely place copies on your drawing. Version | + | Le mois dernier, j’ai abordé certains des changements et ajouts les plus petits et les moins connus d’Inkscape |
- | The Spray Tool now offers a similar feature: select an object, but rather than ‘spraying’ it by clicking and holding the mouse button as you move the mouse around, a single click-and-release of the button will paste one copy of the object (or a clone, depending on the tool’s settings). Creating just a single copy or clone with a click isn’t new in itself, but there have been two changes in 1.4 that make this feature more useful: items created in this way are now placed at the center of the spray area, and the cursor shows a preview outline of the object before it’s created. These changes mean that you know exactly where your new object will be created, and the use of an outline may make this even better than the spacebar method in situations where the object might otherwise obscure the thing you’re trying to align it with. | + | Outil aérographe |
- | This image shows a small purple star selected at the top-right. Next to it are two copies that have been created with single clicks, plus the cursor – complete with outline version of the star – positioned ready to create a third. Below, on the other hand, is the result of click-dragging on the canvas, without changing any parameters. Stamping and spraying with the same tool, depending on when you release the mouse button. | + | Pour être honnête, l’outil aérographe (Maj-F3 ou « A ») est un outil que j’utilise très rarement. Je l’ai abordé en profondeur il y a plus de dix ans, dans la partie 26 de cette série (FCM n° 86), et la fonctionnalité de base a peu changé depuis. Il a acquis quelques commandes supplémentaires au fil des ans, et les développeurs ont même glissé quelques boutons de barre d’outils supplémentaires avec la version 1.4 qui ne sont mentionnés dans aucune des documentations de publication que j’ai vues. D’autres expérimentations seront nécessaires pour que je puisse consacrer un futur article à toutes les capacités de cet outil. |
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+ | Pour l’instant, | ||
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+ | **“Stamping” in Inkscape refers to a way of pasting multiple copies of an object, one-by-one. You simply drag the object in question around the canvas, and each time you press the spacebar, a copy is pasted at that location. If you need to quickly create a few copies of an object, it’s more efficient than repeatedly reaching for Ctrl-V then having to place the item in the required location. With snapping enabled, it makes for an extremely fast way to precisely place copies on your drawing. Version 1.3 introduced a variation on this theme whereby pressing the ‘C’ key, rather than the spacebar, will ‘stamp’ a clone rather than a copy. | ||
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+ | The Spray Tool now offers a similar feature: select an object, but rather than ‘spraying’ it by clicking and holding the mouse button as you move the mouse around, a single click-and-release of the button will paste one copy of the object (or a clone, depending on the tool’s settings). Creating just a single copy or clone with a click isn’t new in itself, but there have been two changes in 1.4 that make this feature more useful: items created in this way are now placed at the center of the spray area, and the cursor shows a preview outline of the object before it’s created. These changes mean that you know exactly where your new object will be created, and the use of an outline may make this even better than the spacebar method in situations where the object might otherwise obscure the thing you’re trying to align it with.** | ||
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+ | L' | ||
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+ | L’outil aérographe propose désormais une fonctionnalité similaire : | ||
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+ | **This image shows a small purple star selected at the top-right. Next to it are two copies that have been created with single clicks, plus the cursor – complete with outline version of the star – positioned ready to create a third. Below, on the other hand, is the result of click-dragging on the canvas, without changing any parameters. Stamping and spraying with the same tool, depending on when you release the mouse button. | ||
But I said it had become a multi-spray tool, so where’s the “multi” part? That kicks in when you have more than one item selected. This time I have three different objects selected, and you can see the cacophonous result of spraying those items below. | But I said it had become a multi-spray tool, so where’s the “multi” part? That kicks in when you have more than one item selected. This time I have three different objects selected, and you can see the cacophonous result of spraying those items below. | ||
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Stamping with single clicks brings more order to the chaos, but the choice of which objects gets stamped is still somewhat random for each click. | Stamping with single clicks brings more order to the chaos, but the choice of which objects gets stamped is still somewhat random for each click. | ||
- | There is now, however, a way to cheat the system and stamp only the specific object you want at each location. By holding the right mouse button down while moving the mouse just a little bit, the spray tool will switch between your selected objects – indicated by the outline preview changing. It does sometimes take a couple of tries before it switches to the object you want, but with a little patience you can tame the randomness of the selection in order to create just the objects you want at each location, as you can see in this image, created in this way. | + | There is now, however, a way to cheat the system and stamp only the specific object you want at each location. By holding the right mouse button down while moving the mouse just a little bit, the spray tool will switch between your selected objects – indicated by the outline preview changing. It does sometimes take a couple of tries before it switches to the object you want, but with a little patience you can tame the randomness of the selection in order to create just the objects you want at each location, as you can see in this image, created in this way.** |
- | Whether this is actually any more efficient than stamping each of the shapes separately with the spacebar will depend on your specific drawing and requirements, | + | L' |
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+ | Mais j'ai dit que c' | ||
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+ | L' | ||
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+ | Il existe désormais un moyen de tromper le système et d' | ||
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+ | **Whether this is actually any more efficient than stamping each of the shapes separately with the spacebar will depend on your specific drawing and requirements, | ||
Snapping preferences | Snapping preferences | ||
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While you’re busy stamping new copies or clones with the Spray Tool, it’s likely that you’ll want to enable snapping to make sure they land where you want. In that case (or in any other where you use snapping), you might be interested in the new options that have been added to the Edit > Preferences dialog, in the Behaviour > Snapping pane. | While you’re busy stamping new copies or clones with the Spray Tool, it’s likely that you’ll want to enable snapping to make sure they land where you want. In that case (or in any other where you use snapping), you might be interested in the new options that have been added to the Edit > Preferences dialog, in the Behaviour > Snapping pane. | ||
- | Have you ever been trying to snap to a grid or guide, only to find the cursor wants to snap to a nearby object instead? If so, these new controls are just what you need. If that’s something that’s never bothered you, however, you can leave them all unchecked to stick with the normal behaviour of snapping to any valid nearby target. | + | Have you ever been trying to snap to a grid or guide, only to find the cursor wants to snap to a nearby object instead? If so, these new controls are just what you need. If that’s something that’s never bothered you, however, you can leave them all unchecked to stick with the normal behaviour of snapping to any valid nearby target.** |
- | Enabling the first two options causes Inkscape to snap only to grids or guides (or both), if they are visible. The last part of that sentence makes these options much more powerful than they first appear. If you’ve toggled the grid off (with the ‘#’ key), then “Always snap to grids” has no effect. Similarly, toggling off the guides (using Shift-| – that’s the “pipe” key) will render the “Always snap to guides” option inert. | + | Le fait que cette option soit plus efficace que l' |
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+ | Préférences de magnétisme | ||
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+ | Pendant que vous êtes occupé à estampiller de nouvelles copies ou clones avec l' | ||
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+ | Avez-vous déjà essayé d' | ||
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+ | **Enabling the first two options causes Inkscape to snap only to grids or guides (or both), if they are visible. The last part of that sentence makes these options much more powerful than they first appear. If you’ve toggled the grid off (with the ‘#’ key), then “Always snap to grids” has no effect. Similarly, toggling off the guides (using Shift-| – that’s the “pipe” key) will render the “Always snap to guides” option inert. | ||
Let’s have a more practical example using just a grid (though the same principle applies to guides). With a grid enabled in older versions of Inkscape, the cursor would snap to the grid intersections and to the object nodes, bounding boxes, and so-on – depending on what snapping options you have enabled. With “Always snap to grids” enabled, Inkscape will snap only to the grid intersections, | Let’s have a more practical example using just a grid (though the same principle applies to guides). With a grid enabled in older versions of Inkscape, the cursor would snap to the grid intersections and to the object nodes, bounding boxes, and so-on – depending on what snapping options you have enabled. With “Always snap to grids” enabled, Inkscape will snap only to the grid intersections, | ||
- | The second set of checkboxes act as an override to the previous description. Suppose you want to always allow object snapping, even when you’ve otherwise constrained everything to snap to the grid? Enable the “Allow snapping to objects” checkbox in the preferences and object snap points will be considered as well as the grid. | + | The second set of checkboxes act as an override to the previous description. Suppose you want to always allow object snapping, even when you’ve otherwise constrained everything to snap to the grid? Enable the “Allow snapping to objects” checkbox in the preferences and object snap points will be considered as well as the grid.** |
- | (In case you’re wondering, “alignment snapping” and “distribution snapping” refers to the lines that appear to help you automatically align objects to existing things in your drawing, or space them evenly apart) | + | L’activation des deux premières options force Inkscape à s’aimanter uniquement aux grilles ou aux guides (ou aux deux), s’ils sont visibles. La dernière partie de cette phrase rend ces options beaucoup plus puissantes qu’elles ne le paraissent à première vue. Si vous avez désactivé la grille (avec la touche « # »), alors « Toujours aimanter aux grilles » n’a aucun effet. De même, la désactivation des guides (en utilisant Maj-| – c’est la touche « pipe » - AltGr+6) rendra l’option « Toujours aimanter aux guides » inerte. |
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+ | Prenons un exemple plus pratique en utilisant juste une grille (bien que le même principe s’applique aux guides). Avec une grille activée dans les anciennes versions d’Inkscape, | ||
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+ | Le deuxième ensemble de cases à cocher remplace la description précédente. Supposons que vous souhaitiez toujours autoriser l' | ||
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+ | **(In case you’re wondering, “alignment snapping” and “distribution snapping” refers to the lines that appear to help you automatically align objects to existing things in your drawing, or space them evenly apart) | ||
This whole snapping hierarchy is a little tricky to explain, so I’ll give you some rough rules-of-thumb to work by: | This whole snapping hierarchy is a little tricky to explain, so I’ll give you some rough rules-of-thumb to work by: | ||
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3/ If you generally like the behaviour with the first checkbox(es) enabled, but still want to snap to objects, or to have the align or distribute lines show up, enable the relevant checkbox(es) in the second section and see if it improves things for you. Once again, toggling the visibility of the grid or guides will switch back to using the “normal” snapping targets. | 3/ If you generally like the behaviour with the first checkbox(es) enabled, but still want to snap to objects, or to have the align or distribute lines show up, enable the relevant checkbox(es) in the second section and see if it improves things for you. Once again, toggling the visibility of the grid or guides will switch back to using the “normal” snapping targets. | ||
- | I don’t really think this is the best way to handle the hierarchy of which snap targets should take precedence, as it’s very difficult to conceptualise (and explain!) exactly how this works. But as someone who has occasionally tried to wrestle with a grid-based design while swearing at misplaced snapping points, I appreciate the attempt to try to do something to improve the situation. | + | I don’t really think this is the best way to handle the hierarchy of which snap targets should take precedence, as it’s very difficult to conceptualise (and explain!) exactly how this works. But as someone who has occasionally tried to wrestle with a grid-based design while swearing at misplaced snapping points, I appreciate the attempt to try to do something to improve the situation.** |
- | Keyboard shortcuts | + | (Au cas où vous vous poseriez la question, « Activer le magnétisme d' |
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+ | Cette hiérarchie d’aimantation est un peu difficile à expliquer, je vais donc vous donner quelques règles de base pour travailler : | ||
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+ | 1/ Si vous êtes satisfait de la façon dont le magnétisme fonctionne actuellement, | ||
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+ | 2/ Si vous êtes frustré lorsque Inkscape s’aimante aux objets plutôt qu’à votre grille ou à vos guides, cochez la ou les cases correspondantes de la première section et voyez si cela améliore les choses. Basculez la visibilité de la grille ou des guides lorsque vous devez aimanter quelque chose d’autre. | ||
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+ | 3/ Si vous aimez généralement le comportement avec la ou les premières cases à cocher activées, mais que vous souhaitez toujours aimanter aux objets ou afficher les lignes d’alignement ou de distribution, | ||
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+ | Je ne pense pas vraiment que ce soit la meilleure façon de gérer la hiérarchie des cibles d’aimantation qui doivent avoir la priorité, car il est très difficile de conceptualiser (et d’expliquer !) exactement comment cela fonctionne. Mais en tant que personne qui a parfois essayé de lutter avec une conception basée sur une grille tout en jurant à cause de points d’aimantation mal placés, j’apprécie la tentative de faire quelque chose pour améliorer la situation. | ||
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+ | **Keyboard shortcuts | ||
A few more keyboard shortcuts are now customizable via Edit > Preferences, | A few more keyboard shortcuts are now customizable via Edit > Preferences, | ||
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In addition to these, a few existing features that previously did not have a keyboard shortcut by default now do. Note that this applies only to new installations of Inkscape, and you’ll need to set them yourself on an existing installation. For these purposes, running the AppImage version acts as a new installation. The same may also apply to other “containerized” package formats that come from third-party sources (such as your distribution’s repositories). | In addition to these, a few existing features that previously did not have a keyboard shortcut by default now do. Note that this applies only to new installations of Inkscape, and you’ll need to set them yourself on an existing installation. For these purposes, running the AppImage version acts as a new installation. The same may also apply to other “containerized” package formats that come from third-party sources (such as your distribution’s repositories). | ||
- | Note that in my AppImage copy of 1.4, all of these were set except the Inverse Clip shortcut. I’m not sure if the release notes are wrong or the AppImage config is incorrect, but if you use this feature a lot, it might be worth checking – and setting this shortcut if necessary. | + | Note that in my AppImage copy of 1.4, all of these were set except the Inverse Clip shortcut. I’m not sure if the release notes are wrong or the AppImage config is incorrect, but if you use this feature a lot, it might be worth checking – and setting this shortcut if necessary.** |
- | Align & Distribute dialog | + | Raccourcis clavier |
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+ | Quelques raccourcis clavier supplémentaires sont désormais personnalisables via Édition > Préférences, | ||
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+ | En plus de ceux-ci, quelques fonctionnalités existantes qui n' | ||
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+ | Notez que dans ma copie AppImage de la 1.4, tous ces éléments ont été définis à l' | ||
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+ | **Align & Distribute dialog | ||
There’s been an attempt at a small, but welcome, quality-of-life improvement to the Align & Distribute dialog – except that it doesn’t work terribly well for me. This dialog can be used to align objects to each other, but also to align objects to the page or the drawing – the latter being the bounding box of all the objects on the canvas, whether they’re inside the page or not. When only a single object is selected, only the Page and Drawing options make sense… so Inkscape now limits the “Relative to” popup menu to show only those items (defaulting to Page). Select multiple items and the full list becomes available again. | There’s been an attempt at a small, but welcome, quality-of-life improvement to the Align & Distribute dialog – except that it doesn’t work terribly well for me. This dialog can be used to align objects to each other, but also to align objects to the page or the drawing – the latter being the bounding box of all the objects on the canvas, whether they’re inside the page or not. When only a single object is selected, only the Page and Drawing options make sense… so Inkscape now limits the “Relative to” popup menu to show only those items (defaulting to Page). Select multiple items and the full list becomes available again. | ||
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This will work well for users who keep the dialog open all the time in a sidebar. For people like me, who prefer to open and close floating dialog windows as necessary, it doesn’t work so well. When the dialog is open, selecting a single object changes the popup as expected. But if a single object is selected first, and then the dialog is opened afterwards, it still shows the full list. It probably requires only a small fix to check the selected count when opening the dialog, but it’s a shame that it slipped through the cracks. I guess it confirms my suspicion that I’m in the minority as an old-school user who prefers dialogs in windows rather than permanently docked to the side of the window. | This will work well for users who keep the dialog open all the time in a sidebar. For people like me, who prefer to open and close floating dialog windows as necessary, it doesn’t work so well. When the dialog is open, selecting a single object changes the popup as expected. But if a single object is selected first, and then the dialog is opened afterwards, it still shows the full list. It probably requires only a small fix to check the selected count when opening the dialog, but it’s a shame that it slipped through the cracks. I guess it confirms my suspicion that I’m in the minority as an old-school user who prefers dialogs in windows rather than permanently docked to the side of the window. | ||
- | Next time I’ll cover a final selection of smaller changes that may have passed you by, before digging into some of the larger changes to 1.4 over the coming months. And if I manage to get through all those before the next major release, I guess I’ve now got the Spray Tool to revisit in more depth! | + | Next time I’ll cover a final selection of smaller changes that may have passed you by, before digging into some of the larger changes to 1.4 over the coming months. And if I manage to get through all those before the next major release, I guess I’ve now got the Spray Tool to revisit in more depth!** |
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+ | Boîte de dialogue Aligner et distribuer | ||
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+ | Une petite, mais bienvenue, amélioration de la qualité de vie de la boîte de dialogue Aligner et distribuer a été tentée – sauf qu’elle ne fonctionne pas très bien pour moi. Cette boîte de dialogue peut être utilisée pour aligner des objets les uns par rapport aux autres, mais aussi pour aligner des objets sur la page ou le dessin – ce dernier étant le cadre de délimitation de tous les objets sur le canevas, qu’ils soient à l’intérieur de la page ou non. Lorsqu’un seul objet est sélectionné, | ||
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+ | Cela fonctionnera bien pour les utilisateurs qui gardent la boîte de dialogue ouverte en permanence dans une barre latérale. Pour les gens comme moi, qui préfèrent ouvrir et fermer les fenêtres de dialogue flottantes selon les besoins, cela ne fonctionne pas aussi bien. Lorsque la boîte de dialogue est ouverte, la sélection d’un seul objet modifie la fenêtre contextuelle comme prévu. Mais si un seul objet est sélectionné en premier, puis que la boîte de dialogue est ouverte ensuite, elle affiche toujours la liste complète. Il ne faut probablement qu’une petite correction pour vérifier le nombre sélectionné lors de l’ouverture de la boîte de dialogue, mais c’est dommage qu’elle soit passée entre les mailles du filet. Je suppose que cela confirme mes soupçons selon lesquels je suis dans la minorité en tant qu’utilisateur de la vieille école qui préfère les boîtes de dialogue dans les fenêtres plutôt que celles ancrées en permanence sur le côté de la fenêtre. | ||
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+ | La prochaine fois, je couvrirai une dernière sélection de petits changements que vous avez peut-être oubliés, avant de creuser certains des changements plus importants apportés à la 1.4 au cours des prochains mois. Et si je parviens à les parcourir tous avant la prochaine version majeure, je suppose que j’ai maintenant l’outil aérographe pour les revisiter plus en profondeur !** |
issue213/inkscape.1738408613.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2025/02/01 12:16 de d52fr