issue214:inkscape
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue214:inkscape [2025/03/02 08:12] – créée d52fr | issue214:inkscape [2025/03/04 19:06] (Version actuelle) – auntiee | ||
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- | This month, I’ll be covering some more of the smaller additions and alterations in Inkscape version 1.4, starting with a change that will affect your use of the program with all but the simplest of drawings. | + | **This month, I’ll be covering some more of the smaller additions and alterations in Inkscape version 1.4, starting with a change that will affect your use of the program with all but the simplest of drawings. |
Creating layers | Creating layers | ||
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The big change for most users is that this dialog has both disappeared and been re-designed. Before you get too confused, what I mean is that it still exists, in a re-designed form, but it’s been removed from the way it was most commonly accessed. | The big change for most users is that this dialog has both disappeared and been re-designed. Before you get too confused, what I mean is that it still exists, in a re-designed form, but it’s been removed from the way it was most commonly accessed. | ||
- | I’ll wager that most users manage their layers via the Layers and Objects dialog, using the buttons at the top to add and delete layers, and perhaps to shift them up and down in the hierarchy. In older versions of Inkscape, the “+” button would open this interstitial dialog, but no more. Now, clicking on that button (which doesn’t even have a tooltip on my copy of the program) will immediately create a new layer above the currently selected one. | + | I’ll wager that most users manage their layers via the Layers and Objects dialog, using the buttons at the top to add and delete layers, and perhaps to shift them up and down in the hierarchy. In older versions of Inkscape, the “+” button would open this interstitial dialog, but no more. Now, clicking on that button (which doesn’t even have a tooltip on my copy of the program) will immediately create a new layer above the currently selected one.** |
- | Obviously this results in a loss of control over the name and position of the new layer, but it’s easy to rename the newly created layer by double-clicking on it, and it can be moved in the hierarchy by a drag-and-drop operation. If all you want to do is to move it up and down the list, you can use the arrow buttons at the top, but Inkscape strangely lacks left and right buttons for turning into a sub-layer, or promoting it back to a higher level layer. For those latter operations you have to use drag-and-drop. | + | Ce mois-ci, je vais aborder quelques-uns des petits ajouts et modifications de la version 1.4 d' |
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+ | Création de calques | ||
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+ | La boîte de dialogue Calques et objets est le résultat de la fusion de deux boîtes de dialogue auparavant séparées, et elle a beaucoup de sens du point de vue d'un utilisateur. Mais la boîte de dialogue interstitielle qui apparaît lors de la création d'un nouveau calque, celle qui vous permet de nommer le nouveau calque et de sélectionner où dans la hiérarchie il apparaîtra par rapport au calque actuel, reste encore de l' | ||
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+ | Le grand changement pour la plupart des utilisateurs est que cette boîte de dialogue a disparu et a été repensée. Avant que vous ne soyez trop confus, ce que je veux dire, c'est qu' | ||
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+ | Je parie que la plupart des utilisateurs gèrent leurs calques via la boîte de dialogue Calques et objets, en utilisant les boutons en haut pour ajouter et supprimer des calques et peut-être pour les déplacer vers le haut ou vers le bas dans la hiérarchie. Dans les anciennes versions d’Inkscape, | ||
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+ | **Obviously this results in a loss of control over the name and position of the new layer, but it’s easy to rename the newly created layer by double-clicking on it, and it can be moved in the hierarchy by a drag-and-drop operation. If all you want to do is to move it up and down the list, you can use the arrow buttons at the top, but Inkscape strangely lacks left and right buttons for turning into a sub-layer, or promoting it back to a higher level layer. For those latter operations you have to use drag-and-drop. | ||
If you still prefer to use the old dialog, then there are two ways to access it: from the Layer > Add Layer… menu, or using the Ctrl-Shift-N keyboard shortcut. Unfortunately, | If you still prefer to use the old dialog, then there are two ways to access it: from the Layer > Add Layer… menu, or using the Ctrl-Shift-N keyboard shortcut. Unfortunately, | ||
- | As mentioned above, the dialog has been slightly re-designed. Nothing major – just replacing the previous pop-up menu with separate radio buttons. I can see what the developers are trying to achieve with this layout, with the second option indented to suggest a sublayer – but it does look a bit untidy. I’d have perhaps left the radio buttons aligned, but indented the text or prefixed it with a line or arrow. Still, it’s one less click to change from the default placement than with the older version, which is an improvement. | + | As mentioned above, the dialog has been slightly re-designed. Nothing major – just replacing the previous pop-up menu with separate radio buttons. I can see what the developers are trying to achieve with this layout, with the second option indented to suggest a sublayer – but it does look a bit untidy. I’d have perhaps left the radio buttons aligned, but indented the text or prefixed it with a line or arrow. Still, it’s one less click to change from the default placement than with the older version, which is an improvement.** |
- | I have mixed feelings about the change to the “+” button. In cases where layers are temporary, or not important enough to be explicitly named, it can make for a faster workflow. In other cases, splitting the creation, naming and placement into three steps will make things slower. Given that the Layers dialog already has an ‘options’ section, would it have been so hard to add a setting to let the user choose their preferred mode of operation? Or at least allow a Shift-click on the button to open the old dialog still. | + | Bien entendu, cela entraîne une perte de contrôle sur le nom et la position du nouveau calque, mais il est facile de renommer le calque nouvellement créé en double-cliquant dessus et il peut être déplacé dans la hiérarchie par une opération de glisser-déposer. Si tout ce que vous voulez faire est de le déplacer vers le haut ou vers le bas de la liste, vous pouvez utiliser les boutons fléchés en haut, mais Inkscape manque étrangement de boutons gauche et droit pour le transformer en sous-calque ou le promouvoir à nouveau vers un calque de niveau supérieur. Pour ces dernières opérations, |
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+ | Si vous préférez toujours utiliser l' | ||
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+ | Comme mentionné ci-dessus, la boîte de dialogue a été légèrement repensée. Rien de bien grave, juste le remplacement du menu contextuel précédent par des boutons radio séparés. Je peux comprendre ce que les développeurs essaient de réaliser avec cette mise en page, avec la deuxième option en retrait pour suggérer un sous-calque, | ||
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+ | **I have mixed feelings about the change to the “+” button. In cases where layers are temporary, or not important enough to be explicitly named, it can make for a faster workflow. In other cases, splitting the creation, naming and placement into three steps will make things slower. Given that the Layers dialog already has an ‘options’ section, would it have been so hard to add a setting to let the user choose their preferred mode of operation? Or at least allow a Shift-click on the button to open the old dialog still. | ||
Templates | Templates | ||
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A couple of new templates have been added to the File > New from Template… dialog. They’re named “Zine Booklet (US)” and “Zine Booklet (A4)”, and they’re the result of developer Martin Owen’s daughter’s interest in creating “zines” with her friends. | A couple of new templates have been added to the File > New from Template… dialog. They’re named “Zine Booklet (US)” and “Zine Booklet (A4)”, and they’re the result of developer Martin Owen’s daughter’s interest in creating “zines” with her friends. | ||
- | To some (older) people – such as myself – the word “Zine” conjures up thoughts of small run, counter-culture publications, | + | To some (older) people – such as myself – the word “Zine” conjures up thoughts of small run, counter-culture publications, |
- | Perhaps taking their inspiration from those earlier zines, the templates in Inkscape are a quick-and-easy way to create a small 8-page booklet from a single sheet of paper, with just a single cut and a little folding. The two variants are to accommodate a starting sheet of either US Letter size (11" × 8.5") or DIN A4 size (297mm × 210mm). In either case, the resultant zine is 1/8th the size of the starting page – so A6 in the DIN system, and… well… I guess you’d need to do the math for the American version as I don’t believe it’s an officially named size. | + | J’ai des sentiments mitigés concernant le changement du bouton « + ». Dans les cas où les calques sont temporaires ou pas assez importants pour être nommés explicitement, |
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+ | Modèles | ||
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+ | Deux nouveaux modèles ont été ajoutés à la boîte de dialogue Fichier > Nouveau à partir d’un modèle…. Ils s’appellent « Zine Booklet (US) » et « Zine Booklet (A4) », et ils sont le résultat de l’intérêt de la fille du développeur Martin Owen pour la création de « zines » avec ses amis. | ||
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+ | Pour certaines personnes (plus âgées) – comme moi – le mot « Zine » évoque des pensées de publications à petite échelle, de contre-culture, | ||
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+ | **Perhaps taking their inspiration from those earlier zines, the templates in Inkscape are a quick-and-easy way to create a small 8-page booklet from a single sheet of paper, with just a single cut and a little folding. The two variants are to accommodate a starting sheet of either US Letter size (11" × 8.5") or DIN A4 size (297mm × 210mm). In either case, the resultant zine is 1/8th the size of the starting page – so A6 in the DIN system, and… well… I guess you’d need to do the math for the American version as I don’t believe it’s an officially named size. | ||
On selecting either of these templates, you’ll be presented with a layout something like this (you may need to zoom out in Inkscape to see it all at once): | On selecting either of these templates, you’ll be presented with a layout something like this (you may need to zoom out in Inkscape to see it all at once): | ||
- | There seems to be a lot going on there, but it’s actually pretty straightforward. The pages in a row at the top are the ones you work on. Put your content there, making sure to remain within the page boundaries, or clip content which overspills the left and right sides. If you don’t, nothing will break, but you may end up with parts of one page appearing on another unintentionally. | + | There seems to be a lot going on there, but it’s actually pretty straightforward. The pages in a row at the top are the ones you work on. Put your content there, making sure to remain within the page boundaries, or clip content which overspills the left and right sides. If you don’t, nothing will break, but you may end up with parts of one page appearing on another unintentionally.** |
- | The first pair of pages are used for the back and front covers of the zine in that order. Bear that in mind, because it’s easy to start with the design of your front cover and automatically think it needs to be put on the first available page. The subsequent pairs of pages are the insides of the zine, in the expected order. | + | S’inspirant peut-être de ces premiers zines, les modèles d’Inkscape sont un moyen rapide et facile de créer un petit livret de 8 pages à partir d’une seule feuille de papier, avec une seule découpe et un peu de pliage. Les deux variantes sont conçues pour accueillir une feuille de départ au format Lettre US (11" × 8,5") ou au format DIN A4 (297 mm × 210 mm). Dans les deux cas, le zine résultant fait 1/8 de la taille de la page de départ – donc A6 dans le système DIN, et… eh bien… je suppose que vous devrez faire le calcul pour la version américaine car je ne crois pas que ce soit un format officiellement nommé. |
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+ | En sélectionnant l’un de ces modèles, vous verrez une mise en page ressemblant à celle-ci (vous devrez peut-être dézoomer dans Inkscape pour tout voir d’un coup) : | ||
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+ | Il semble que beaucoup de choses se passent ici, mais c’est en fait assez simple. Les pages d’une rangée en haut sont celles sur lesquelles vous travaillez. Placez votre contenu à cet endroit, en veillant à ne pas dépasser les limites de la page, ou coupez le contenu qui déborde sur les côtés gauche et droit. Si vous ne le faites pas, rien ne se cassera, mais vous risquez de voir des parties d'une page apparaître sur une autre de manière involontaire. | ||
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+ | **The first pair of pages are used for the back and front covers of the zine in that order. Bear that in mind, because it’s easy to start with the design of your front cover and automatically think it needs to be put on the first available page. The subsequent pairs of pages are the insides of the zine, in the expected order. | ||
As you add things to the pages you’ll see it automatically reflected in the 8-page layout at the bottom – with the content of pages 1-4 flipped vertically. And yes, you can remove the preset labels in the middle of each page – they’re just there as guides to make the final layout a little more obvious when you first open this template. | As you add things to the pages you’ll see it automatically reflected in the 8-page layout at the bottom – with the content of pages 1-4 flipped vertically. And yes, you can remove the preset labels in the middle of each page – they’re just there as guides to make the final layout a little more obvious when you first open this template. | ||
- | With your content complete, here comes the very important part (which could really do with some explanation on the template itself): you want to print only the single composite page from the bottom of the template – the one labelled as “Print Sheet”. The easiest way to do this, if you’re printing from within Inkscape, is to switch to the Pages tool and click inside the Print Sheet section so that it’s selected. Then you can set the print range to “Current Page” in the print dialog. | + | With your content complete, here comes the very important part (which could really do with some explanation on the template itself): you want to print only the single composite page from the bottom of the template – the one labelled as “Print Sheet”. The easiest way to do this, if you’re printing from within Inkscape, is to switch to the Pages tool and click inside the Print Sheet section so that it’s selected. Then you can set the print range to “Current Page” in the print dialog.** |
- | Alternatively, | + | La première paire de pages est utilisée pour les couvertures avant et arrière du zine dans cet ordre. Gardez cela à l’esprit, car il est facile de commencer par la conception de votre couverture avant et de penser automatiquement qu’elle doit être placée sur la première page disponible. Les paires de pages suivantes sont l’intérieur du zine, dans l’ordre attendu. |
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+ | Au fur et à mesure que vous ajoutez des éléments aux pages, vous les verrez automatiquement reflétés dans la mise en page de 8 pages en bas – avec le contenu des pages 1 à 4 inversé verticalement. Et oui, vous pouvez supprimer les étiquettes prédéfinies au milieu de chaque page – elles sont juste là comme des guides pour rendre la mise en page finale un peu plus évidente lorsque vous ouvrez ce modèle pour la première fois. | ||
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+ | Une fois votre contenu terminé, voici la partie très importante (qui pourrait vraiment bénéficier d’une explication sur le modèle lui-même) : vous souhaitez imprimer uniquement la page composite unique du bas du modèle – celle étiquetée « Feuille d’impression ». Si vous imprimez depuis Inkscape, le moyen le plus simple de procéder consiste à passer à l’outil Pages et à cliquer dans la section Imprimer la feuille pour la sélectionner. Vous pouvez ensuite définir la plage d’impression sur « Page actuelle » dans la boîte de dialogue d’impression. | ||
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+ | **Alternatively, | ||
Once the page is printed you need to fold it into eight. First, make a long mountain fold along the length of the page, folding it in half to form a long thin shape with pages 1-4 on one side and the remaining pages on the other. Open it back out before continuing. Now fold it in half along the width with a mountain fold, so that you have pages 3-6 on one side, and the rest on the other. With it still in half, fold each side back on itself with another “valley” fold so that you end up with a small concertina of paper with the printed content on the insides. Open it out a little so that you can get some scissors into the doubled-up section in the middle. | Once the page is printed you need to fold it into eight. First, make a long mountain fold along the length of the page, folding it in half to form a long thin shape with pages 1-4 on one side and the remaining pages on the other. Open it back out before continuing. Now fold it in half along the width with a mountain fold, so that you have pages 3-6 on one side, and the rest on the other. With it still in half, fold each side back on itself with another “valley” fold so that you end up with a small concertina of paper with the printed content on the insides. Open it out a little so that you can get some scissors into the doubled-up section in the middle. | ||
- | Now comes the cut. This is shown as a dotted line on the template, and is easily done with a single scissor cut from the folded edge down to the valley folds. You should now be able to easily fold the zine as shown on the image in the template to produce an 8-page booklet. Trust me, it’s easier than it sounds. | + | Now comes the cut. This is shown as a dotted line on the template, and is easily done with a single scissor cut from the folded edge down to the valley folds. You should now be able to easily fold the zine as shown on the image in the template to produce an 8-page booklet. Trust me, it’s easier than it sounds.** |
- | I really like this addition to the program. It’s a simple thing that can make for such a fun way to introduce kids to the idea of graphic design, publishing, and Inkscape itself. | + | Vous pouvez également exporter le zine pour l' |
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+ | Une fois la page imprimée, vous devez la plier en huit. Tout d' | ||
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+ | Maintenant vient la coupe. Celle-ci est représentée par une ligne pointillée sur le modèle et se fait facilement avec une seule paire de ciseaux, en coupant du bord plié vers le bas jusqu' | ||
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+ | **I really like this addition to the program. It’s a simple thing that can make for such a fun way to introduce kids to the idea of graphic design, publishing, and Inkscape itself. | ||
Import/ | Import/ | ||
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There has been a small but useful change to the File > Export… dialog: if you enter a path for the export that does not exist on your filesystem, Inkscape will try to create the missing folder hierarchy, rather than showing a warning. I suspect that most people choose a path using the file selector, in which case this probably won’t ever kick in (since the file selector shows you only paths that already exist). But consider the use case of picking a base path with the file selector, then manually adding the name of a subdirectory for your export into the field in the dialog. This will now do the right thing, and use the subdirectory if it already exists, or create it for you if it doesn’t. Just watch out for typos (and case-sensitive filesystems), | There has been a small but useful change to the File > Export… dialog: if you enter a path for the export that does not exist on your filesystem, Inkscape will try to create the missing folder hierarchy, rather than showing a warning. I suspect that most people choose a path using the file selector, in which case this probably won’t ever kick in (since the file selector shows you only paths that already exist). But consider the use case of picking a base path with the file selector, then manually adding the name of a subdirectory for your export into the field in the dialog. This will now do the right thing, and use the subdirectory if it already exists, or create it for you if it doesn’t. Just watch out for typos (and case-sensitive filesystems), | ||
- | A new import filter has been added for Affinity Designer files (*.afdesign). Affinity’s programs are a common alternative to Adobe’s Creative Suite, for those people who want a commercially supported product, but prefer a more traditional software licence rather than the subscription model that Adobe enforces now. Therefore it’s great to see support added to Inkscape but, as is so often the case, the format is not officially documented, so there are likely to be gaps and bugs in the importer. If you have access to *.afdesign files and find there are problems with importing any of them, please do file issues via https:// | + | A new import filter has been added for Affinity Designer files (*.afdesign). Affinity’s programs are a common alternative to Adobe’s Creative Suite, for those people who want a commercially supported product, but prefer a more traditional software licence rather than the subscription model that Adobe enforces now. Therefore it’s great to see support added to Inkscape but, as is so often the case, the format is not officially documented, so there are likely to be gaps and bugs in the importer. If you have access to *.afdesign files and find there are problems with importing any of them, please do file issues via https:// |
- | An old import filter sees a return with version 1.4. The CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile) importer was removed in version 1.0, but has been reinstated now. This is an old format, but it’s an ISO standard so might be useful for interoperability with some other software or when dealing with archival material. | + | J'aime beaucoup cet ajout au programme. C'est une chose simple qui peut constituer une manière amusante d' |
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+ | Importer/ | ||
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+ | Un petit changement utile a été apporté à la boîte de dialogue Fichier > Exporter… : si vous entrez un chemin d' | ||
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+ | Un nouveau filtre d' | ||
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+ | **An old import filter sees a return with version 1.4. The CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile) importer was removed in version 1.0, but has been reinstated now. This is an old format, but it’s an ISO standard so might be useful for interoperability with some other software or when dealing with archival material. | ||
Finally, the PDF exporter now supports internal links between sections within the same file. See the Full Circle Magazine contents page as an example, whereby clicking on an entry jumps to the relevant page in the PDF. This is a really great addition that will greatly enhance Inkscape’s capabilities as a PDF authoring tool. | Finally, the PDF exporter now supports internal links between sections within the same file. See the Full Circle Magazine contents page as an example, whereby clicking on an entry jumps to the relevant page in the PDF. This is a really great addition that will greatly enhance Inkscape’s capabilities as a PDF authoring tool. | ||
- | That’s all for the smaller, little publicized additions and fixes that I’ll be covering. Next month, I’ll start to look at some of the bigger headline changes that arrived with Inkscape 1.4. | + | That’s all for the smaller, little publicized additions and fixes that I’ll be covering. Next month, I’ll start to look at some of the bigger headline changes that arrived with Inkscape 1.4.** |
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+ | Un ancien filtre d’importation fait son retour avec la version 1.4. L’importateur CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile) a été supprimé dans la version 1.0, mais a été rétabli à présent. Il s’agit d’un ancien format, mais il s’agit d’une norme ISO qui peut donc être utile pour l’interopérabilité avec d’autres logiciels ou pour traiter des documents d’archives. | ||
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+ | Enfin, l’exportateur PDF prend désormais en charge les liens internes entre les sections d’un même fichier. Voir la page de contenu du magazine Full Circle comme exemple, où un clic sur une entrée permet d’accéder à la page correspondante du PDF. Il s’agit d’un ajout vraiment formidable qui améliorera considérablement les capacités d’Inkscape en tant qu’outil de création de PDF. | ||
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+ | C’est tout pour les petits ajouts et correctifs peu médiatisés que je vais aborder. Le mois prochain, je commencerai à examiner certains des changements les plus importants qui sont arrivés avec Inkscape 1.4. | ||
issue214/inkscape.1740899544.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2025/03/02 08:12 de d52fr