issue216:critique1
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue216:critique1 [2025/04/28 08:20] – créée d52fr | issue216:critique1 [2025/05/02 10:26] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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- | Right in the middle of a development cycle is always an interesting place to be, and that is where we find ourselves now with Ubuntu 25.04. This latest release, out on 17 April, 2025, marks the middle of the three interim releases which will lead to the next long term support (LTS) release. That one will be Ubuntu 26.04 LTS, still a year away, expected in April 2026. | + | **Right in the middle of a development cycle is always an interesting place to be, and that is where we find ourselves now with Ubuntu 25.04. This latest release, out on 17 April, 2025, marks the middle of the three interim releases which will lead to the next long term support (LTS) release. That one will be Ubuntu 26.04 LTS, still a year away, expected in April 2026. |
The three interim releases in each cycle iteratively build up changes to be incorporated into the final LTS and Ubuntu 25.04 is no exception. While it has only a few new features that desktop users will notice, there is lots happening behind the scenes, so let’s examine both the visible and invisible. | The three interim releases in each cycle iteratively build up changes to be incorporated into the final LTS and Ubuntu 25.04 is no exception. While it has only a few new features that desktop users will notice, there is lots happening behind the scenes, so let’s examine both the visible and invisible. | ||
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This is the 42nd release of Ubuntu and the 16th with the current modified GNOME 3 desktop. It is also the 21st release over the past ten years with systemd as the initialization system. Despite the odd naysayer, I think it is safe to say that incorporating systemd has been a great success for Ubuntu and also for Debian upstream. | This is the 42nd release of Ubuntu and the 16th with the current modified GNOME 3 desktop. It is also the 21st release over the past ten years with systemd as the initialization system. Despite the odd naysayer, I think it is safe to say that incorporating systemd has been a great success for Ubuntu and also for Debian upstream. | ||
- | Code named Plucky Puffin, this is the second Ubuntu release that has a " | + | Code named Plucky Puffin, this is the second Ubuntu release that has a " |
- | Installation | + | Se trouver en plein milieu d'un cycle de développement est toujours une expérience intéressante, |
+ | |||
+ | Les trois versions intermédiaires de chaque cycle accumulent les modifications nécessaires à la version LTS finale, et Ubuntu 25.04 ne fait pas exception. Bien qu' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Il s'agit de la 42e version d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Nom de code : Plucky Puffin ; il s'agit de la deuxième version d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | **Installation | ||
I downloaded Ubuntu 25.04 from the official source using the Transmission BitTorrent client. As always, I carried out an SHA256 sum check to ensure that the ISO file was a good download. This is always a good practice, it only takes a minute to do and avoids potential trouble later. | I downloaded Ubuntu 25.04 from the official source using the Transmission BitTorrent client. As always, I carried out an SHA256 sum check to ensure that the ISO file was a good download. This is always a good practice, it only takes a minute to do and avoids potential trouble later. | ||
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This release has increased in size to 6.28 GB, which is 10% bigger than the previous one, Ubuntu 24.10, which was 5.7 GB. | This release has increased in size to 6.28 GB, which is 10% bigger than the previous one, Ubuntu 24.10, which was 5.7 GB. | ||
- | I tested Ubuntu 25.04 from a USB stick, using Ventoy 1.0.99, which worked flawlessly. | + | I tested Ubuntu 25.04 from a USB stick, using Ventoy 1.0.99, which worked flawlessly.** |
+ | |||
+ | Installation | ||
+ | |||
+ | J'ai téléchargé Ubuntu 25.04 depuis la source officielle à l'aide de Transmission, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cette version a augmenté sa taille à 6,28 Go, soit 10 % de plus que la précédente, | ||
+ | |||
+ | J'ai testé Ubuntu 25.04 depuis une clé USB, avec Ventoy 1.0.99, et le téléchargement a été impeccable. | ||
- | System requirements | + | **System requirements |
The recommended minimum system requirements for Ubuntu 25.04 have not changed over the past five years since 20.04 LTS and remain: | The recommended minimum system requirements for Ubuntu 25.04 have not changed over the past five years since 20.04 LTS and remain: | ||
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• Internet access is helpful | • Internet access is helpful | ||
- | Overall this means that Ubuntu 25.04 should run fine on hardware designed for Windows 7 or later, although I would suggest at least 8 GB of RAM as a working minimum, especially if you are doing web browsing, which these days eats up a lot of RAM. | + | Overall this means that Ubuntu 25.04 should run fine on hardware designed for Windows 7 or later, although I would suggest at least 8 GB of RAM as a working minimum, especially if you are doing web browsing, which these days eats up a lot of RAM.** |
- | New | + | Exigences système |
+ | |||
+ | La configuration minimale recommandée pour Ubuntu 25.04 n'a pas changé depuis la version 20.04 LTS, qui date de cinq ans, et reste la suivante : | ||
+ | |||
+ | • Processeur double cœur à 2 GHz | ||
+ | • 4 096 Mio de RAM (mémoire système) pour les installations physiques | ||
+ | • 2 048 Mio de RAM pour les installations virtualisées | ||
+ | • 25 Go (8,6 Go au minimum) d' | ||
+ | • GPU compatible avec l' | ||
+ | • Écran d'une résolution de 1024 x 768 ou supérieure | ||
+ | • Clé USB, lecteur DVD ou support d' | ||
+ | • Accès à Internet (utile) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Globalement, | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | **New | ||
This release does not have a lot new that will be noticed by most desktop users, but there is much that is new behind the scenes. | This release does not have a lot new that will be noticed by most desktop users, but there is much that is new behind the scenes. | ||
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The GNOME 48 desktop adds Canonical-developed triple buffering patches to provide higher performance and smoothness on lower-powered devices. | The GNOME 48 desktop adds Canonical-developed triple buffering patches to provide higher performance and smoothness on lower-powered devices. | ||
- | The Ubuntu Flutter-based installer has been improved, especially when adding Ubuntu to a drive with a BitLocker encrypted Windows partition already installed. | + | The Ubuntu Flutter-based installer has been improved, especially when adding Ubuntu to a drive with a BitLocker encrypted Windows partition already installed.** |
- | The JPEG XL image format is now supported without the need for any additional packages to make it work, plus there is support for grouped system notifications. | + | Nouveautés |
+ | |||
+ | Cette version n' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Commençons par ce que les utilisateurs d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ubuntu 25.04 utilise le bureau GNOME 48 et inclut donc un nouveau sélecteur de paramètres « bien-être » permettant de définir des alarmes si vous pensez passer trop de temps devant un écran. Notez cependant qu'il n' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Un nouveau paramètre « Préserver l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Le bureau GNOME 48 intègre des correctifs de triple mise en mémoire tampon développés par Canonical pour améliorer les performances et la fluidité sur les appareils moins puissants. | ||
+ | |||
+ | L' | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | **The JPEG XL image format is now supported without the need for any additional packages to make it work, plus there is support for grouped system notifications. | ||
Some of the things desktop users probably won’t notice include the new geolocation service, BeaconDB, for automatic calculation of things like time zones, weather and night light features. This replaces a discontinued Mozilla service. | Some of the things desktop users probably won’t notice include the new geolocation service, BeaconDB, for automatic calculation of things like time zones, weather and night light features. This replaces a discontinued Mozilla service. | ||
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This version also includes improved ARM architecture support, including for Snapdragon devices, with an official generic ARM64 desktop ISO. There is also new support for Intel Core Ultra 200V series processors with built-in Intel Arc GPUs and Intel Arc B580 and B570 Battlemage discrete GPUs. | This version also includes improved ARM architecture support, including for Snapdragon devices, with an official generic ARM64 desktop ISO. There is also new support for Intel Core Ultra 200V series processors with built-in Intel Arc GPUs and Intel Arc B580 and B570 Battlemage discrete GPUs. | ||
- | There are confidential computing improvements which prevent unauthorized access to virtual machines while running. | + | There are confidential computing improvements which prevent unauthorized access to virtual machines while running.** |
- | The AppArmor security package now includes many new profiles for applications. It uses a bwrap profile (bwrap-userns-restrict) to create user namespaces and sandbox creation, before transitioning it to a tighter profile that disallows capabilities for the processes running inside the bwrap sandbox. | + | Le format d' |
+ | |||
+ | Les utilisateurs d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cette version utilise le noyau Linux 6.14, qui s' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ubuntu 25.04 introduit une nouvelle fonctionnalité destinée aux développeurs : | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cette version inclut également une meilleure prise en charge de l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Des améliorations informatiques de la confidentialité empêchent tout accès non autorisé aux machines virtuelles en cours d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | **The AppArmor security package now includes many new profiles for applications. It uses a bwrap profile (bwrap-userns-restrict) to create user namespaces and sandbox creation, before transitioning it to a tighter profile that disallows capabilities for the processes running inside the bwrap sandbox. | ||
Initial support for High Dynamic Range (HDR) monitors has been added, although it is not enabled by default. You will need an HDR monitor to try it out, though! | Initial support for High Dynamic Range (HDR) monitors has been added, although it is not enabled by default. You will need an HDR monitor to try it out, though! | ||
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Ubuntu 25.04 enables NVIDIA Dynamic Boost by default on supported laptops that have NVIDIA GPUs. This feature dynamically shifts power between the CPU and GPU depending on the system’s current workload. In gaming, this will give better performance by allowing more power to be provided to the GPU when needed. | Ubuntu 25.04 enables NVIDIA Dynamic Boost by default on supported laptops that have NVIDIA GPUs. This feature dynamically shifts power between the CPU and GPU depending on the system’s current workload. In gaming, this will give better performance by allowing more power to be provided to the GPU when needed. | ||
- | In addition, there are many behind-the-scenes changes to packages and toolchains that most desktop users will probably not notice, including that APT 3.0 remains the default package manager for .deb packages. Other updates include: binutils 2.44, BlueZ 5.79 Bluetooth, Cairo 1.18.4, GCC 15, glibc 2.41, Golang 1.24, LLVM 20, Mesa 25.0 graphics drivers, MySQL 8.4 LTS, MySQL Shell 8.4.4, .NET 8 & 9 available, Netplan v1.1.2, NetworkManager 1.52, Nvidia 570, OpenJDK 21 with versions 24 GA and 25 early access snapshots available, OpenSSH 9.9, OpenSSL 3.4.1, PHP 8.4, PostgreSQL 17, Poppler 25.03 PDF rendering, Python 3.13.3, QEMU 9.2.0 machine emulator and virtualizer, | + | In addition, there are many behind-the-scenes changes to packages and toolchains that most desktop users will probably not notice, including that APT 3.0 remains the default package manager for .deb packages. Other updates include: binutils 2.44, BlueZ 5.79 Bluetooth, Cairo 1.18.4, GCC 15, glibc 2.41, Golang 1.24, LLVM 20, Mesa 25.0 graphics drivers, MySQL 8.4 LTS, MySQL Shell 8.4.4, .NET 8 & 9 available, Netplan v1.1.2, NetworkManager 1.52, Nvidia 570, OpenJDK 21 with versions 24 GA and 25 early access snapshots available, OpenSSH 9.9, OpenSSL 3.4.1, PHP 8.4, PostgreSQL 17, Poppler 25.03 PDF rendering, Python 3.13.3, QEMU 9.2.0 machine emulator and virtualizer, |
+ | |||
+ | Le package de sécurité AppArmor inclut désormais de nombreux nouveaux profils pour les applications. Il utilise un profil bwrap (bwrap-userns-restrict) pour créer des espaces de noms utilisateur et des bacs à sable, avant de passer à un profil plus strict qui interdit certaines fonctionnalités aux processus exécutés dans le bac à sable bwrap. | ||
+ | |||
+ | La prise en charge initiale des moniteurs HDR (High Dynamic Range) a été ajoutée, bien qu' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ubuntu 25.04 active NVIDIA Dynamic Boost par défaut sur les ordinateurs portables compatibles équipés de GPU NVIDIA. Cette fonctionnalité répartit dynamiquement la puissance entre le processeur et le GPU en fonction de la charge de travail du système. Dans les jeux, cela améliore les performances en permettant au GPU de bénéficier d'une puissance accrue en cas de besoin. | ||
+ | |||
+ | De plus, de nombreuses modifications ont été apportées aux paquets et aux chaînes d' | ||
- | Settings | + | **Settings |
Since this release is code-named Plucky Puffin, it comes with a new puffin-themed light wallpaper, which changes to a dark wallpaper when the window color theme is changed from light to dark. There are a total of 11 wallpapers provided, six of which are puffin-themed. I have to note that all of the provided wallpapers are quite beautifully done and elegant. Not all Linux distributions can make that same claim, as there have been some scary-looking ones elsewhere recently. | Since this release is code-named Plucky Puffin, it comes with a new puffin-themed light wallpaper, which changes to a dark wallpaper when the window color theme is changed from light to dark. There are a total of 11 wallpapers provided, six of which are puffin-themed. I have to note that all of the provided wallpapers are quite beautifully done and elegant. Not all Linux distributions can make that same claim, as there have been some scary-looking ones elsewhere recently. | ||
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$ sudo apt install gnome-shell-extensions | $ sudo apt install gnome-shell-extensions | ||
- | Then open the extensions controller from the main menu, select " | + | Then open the extensions controller from the main menu, select " |
- | Applications | + | Paramètres |
+ | |||
+ | Cette version, dont le nom de code est « Plucky Puffin », propose un nouveau fond d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Comme dans les versions précédentes, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Un conseil pour les paramètres d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | $ sudo apt install gnome-shell-extensions | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ouvrez ensuite le contrôleur d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | **Applications | ||
As in recent Ubuntu releases, if you install the Ubuntu default minimal installation you will get only Firefox, Nautilus, GNOME Text Editor and not much more, although any desired applications can easily be added from the repositories. The ISO file comes with the extended selection of applications on it, though, in case you would rather do the full installation. The live session boots up to the extended selection, so you can at least see what it looks like with everything installed. The choice between the two installation options is really a trade-off between spending your time adding the applications that you do want, versus removing ones you don't want. | As in recent Ubuntu releases, if you install the Ubuntu default minimal installation you will get only Firefox, Nautilus, GNOME Text Editor and not much more, although any desired applications can easily be added from the repositories. The ISO file comes with the extended selection of applications on it, though, in case you would rather do the full installation. The live session boots up to the extended selection, so you can at least see what it looks like with everything installed. The choice between the two installation options is really a trade-off between spending your time adding the applications that you do want, versus removing ones you don't want. | ||
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My personal choice would be to go for the default minimal installation and then use a checklist to add what I want, using APT from the command line, as it can be done in a single command, if you are organized. | My personal choice would be to go for the default minimal installation and then use a checklist to add what I want, using APT from the command line, as it can be done in a single command, if you are organized. | ||
- | Some of the applications included with the full 25.04 extended selection installation are: | + | Some of the applications included with the full 25.04 extended selection installation are:** |
- | Archive Manager (file-roller) 44.5 file archiver | + | Applications |
- | Deja Dup 45.2 file back-ups* | + | |
- | Firefox 137.0.2 web browser** | + | Comme dans les versions récentes d' |
- | GNOME Calendar 48.1 desktop calendar | + | |
- | GNOME Clocks 48.0 clocks | + | Mon choix personnel serait d' |
- | GNOME Disks 46.1 disk manager* | + | |
- | GNOME Document Scanner (simple-scan) 46.0 optical scanner* | + | Voici quelques applications incluses dans l' |
- | GNOME Document Viewer (papers) 48.0 PDF viewer | + | |
- | GNOME Files (nautilus) 48.0 file manager | + | |
- | GNOME Image Viewer (Eye of Gnome) 47.0 image viewer* | + | **Archive Manager (file-roller) 44.5 file archiver |
- | GNOME Snapshot 47 beta webcam application* | + | • Deja Dup 45.2 file back-ups* |
- | GNOME Terminal 3.56.0 terminal emulator | + | • Firefox 137.0.2 web browser< |
- | GNOME Text Editor 48.2 text editor | + | • GNOME Calendar 48.1 desktop calendar |
- | GNOME Videos (totem) 43.1 movie player | + | • GNOME Clocks 48.0 clocks |
- | Gparted 1.6.0 partition editor*** | + | • GNOME Disks 46.1 disk manager* |
- | LibreOffice 25.2.2.2 office suite, less LibreOffice Base | + | • GNOME Document Scanner (simple-scan) 46.0 optical scanner* |
- | PipeWire 1.2.7 audio controller | + | • GNOME Document Viewer (papers) 48.0 PDF viewer |
- | Remmina 1.4.39 remote desktop client | + | • GNOME Files (nautilus) 48.0 file manager |
- | Rhythmbox 3.4.8 music player | + | • GNOME Image Viewer (Eye of Gnome) 47.0 image viewer* |
- | Security Center (desktop-security-center) 0+git.f7ad73a security controller** | + | • GNOME Snapshot 47 beta webcam application* |
- | Shotwell 0.32.10 photo manager | + | • GNOME Terminal 3.56.0 terminal emulator |
- | Startup Disk Creator (usb-creator-gtk) 0.4.1 USB ISO writer | + | • GNOME Text Editor 48.2 text editor |
- | Thunderbird 128.9.1 ESR email client** | + | • GNOME Videos (totem) 43.1 movie player |
- | Transmission 4.0.6 bittorrent client* | + | • Gparted 1.6.0 partition editor< |
- | Ubuntu App Center 1.0.0 package management system** | + | • LibreOffice 25.2.2.2 office suite, less LibreOffice Base |
- | Wget 1.25.5 command line webpage downloader | + | • PipeWire 1.2.7 audio controller |
+ | • Remmina 1.4.39 remote desktop client | ||
+ | • Rhythmbox 3.4.8 music player | ||
+ | • Security Center (desktop-security-center) 0+git.f7ad73a security controller< | ||
+ | • Shotwell 0.32.10 photo manager | ||
+ | • Startup Disk Creator (usb-creator-gtk) 0.4.1 USB ISO writer | ||
+ | • Thunderbird 128.9.1 ESR email client< | ||
+ | • Transmission 4.0.6 bittorrent client* | ||
+ | • Ubuntu App Center 1.0.0 package management system< | ||
+ | • Wget 1.25.5 command line webpage downloader | ||
* indicates same application version as used in Ubuntu 24.10 | * indicates same application version as used in Ubuntu 24.10 | ||
- | ** supplied as a Snap, so the version depends on the upstream package manager | + | < |
- | *** indicates included on the ISO for boot-up, but not included in a full installation | + | < |
+ | |||
+ | • Archive Manager (file-roller) 44.5 archiveur de fichiers | ||
+ | Deja Dup 45.2 sauvegardes de fichiers* | ||
+ | • Firefox 137.0.2 navigateur Web< | ||
+ | • GNOME Calendar 48.1 calendrier de bureau | ||
+ | • GNOME Clocks 48.0 horloges | ||
+ | • GNOME Disks 46.1 gestionnaire de disques* | ||
+ | • GNOME Document scanner (simple-scan) 46.0 scanner optique* | ||
+ | • GNOME Document viewer (papers) 48.0 visionneuse PDF | ||
+ | • GNOME Files (nautilus) 48.0 gestionnaire de fichiers | ||
+ | • GNOME Image viewer (Eye of Gnome) 47.0 visionneuse d' | ||
+ | • GNOME Snapshot 47 bêta application de webcam* | ||
+ | • GNOME Terminal 3.56.0 émulateur de terminal | ||
+ | • GNOME Text editor 48.2 éditeur de texte | ||
+ | • GNOME Videos (totem) 43.1 lecteur vidéo | ||
+ | • Gparted 1.6.0 Éditeur de partitions < | ||
+ | • LibreOffice 25.2.2.2 suite bureautique, | ||
+ | • PipeWire 1.2.7 contrôleur audio | ||
+ | • Remmina 1.4.39 client de bureau à distance | ||
+ | • Rhythmbox 3.4.8 lecteur de musique | ||
+ | • Security Center (desktop-security-center) 0+git.f7ad73a contrôleur de sécurité < | ||
+ | • Shotwell 0.32.10 gestionnaire de photos | ||
+ | • Startup Disk Creator (usb-creator-gtk) 0.4.1 graveur ISO sur USB | ||
+ | • Thunderbird 128.9.1 ESR client de messagerie < | ||
+ | • Transmission 4.0.6 client BitTorrent* | ||
+ | • Ubuntu App Center 1.0.0 système de gestion de paquets < | ||
+ | • Wget 1.25.5 téléchargeur de pages Web en ligne de commande | ||
+ | |||
+ | * indique la même version de l' | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | < | ||
- | As can be seen from the list, the application collection provided is a mix of GNOME versions, this time mostly from GNOME 48, with a few holdovers from GNOME 43, 46 and 47. | + | **As can be seen from the list, the application collection provided is a mix of GNOME versions, this time mostly from GNOME 48, with a few holdovers from GNOME 43, 46 and 47. |
The only change to the suite of applications this time around is the substitute of GNOME Papers replacing Evince as the default PDF viewer. Papers is actually a recent fork of Evince but it uses the GTK4 toolkit and is also partially written in the Rust programming language. In testing it, it works fine, as it displays PDFs! You can note that GNOME brands it as “Document Viewer” just like they did with Evince. | The only change to the suite of applications this time around is the substitute of GNOME Papers replacing Evince as the default PDF viewer. Papers is actually a recent fork of Evince but it uses the GTK4 toolkit and is also partially written in the Rust programming language. In testing it, it works fine, as it displays PDFs! You can note that GNOME brands it as “Document Viewer” just like they did with Evince. | ||
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Official website: | Official website: | ||
+ | https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | Comme le montre la liste, la collection d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Le seul changement apporté à la suite d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | En termes d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Conclusion | ||
+ | |||
+ | De nos jours, les utilisateurs attendent des nouvelles versions d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | La prochaine version sera la dernière des trois versions intermédiaires de ce cycle de développement. Ubuntu 25.10 est prévue pour le 9 octobre 2025 et devrait apporter les dernières modifications attendues pour la prochaine LTS, Ubuntu 26.04 LTS, prévue pour avril 2026. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Lien externe | ||
+ | |||
+ | Site web officiel : | ||
https:// | https:// | ||
issue216/critique1.1745821245.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2025/04/28 08:20 de d52fr