issue216:tutoriel2
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issue216:tutoriel2 [2025/04/29 08:21] – d52fr | issue216:tutoriel2 [2025/04/29 16:51] (Version actuelle) – d52fr | ||
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Linux Mint comes preinstalled with a firewall, the Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW), but for some reason the developers have chosen not to enable the firewall automatically. This is easily rectified using a one-time operation that activates the firewall and maintains its availability through successive reboots.** | Linux Mint comes preinstalled with a firewall, the Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW), but for some reason the developers have chosen not to enable the firewall automatically. This is easily rectified using a one-time operation that activates the firewall and maintains its availability through successive reboots.** | ||
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+ | Dans les articles précédents de cette série, nous avons vérifié la compatibilité de notre matériel informatique avec Linux, effectué une première exploration des applications fournies avec Linux Mint 22 et installé Mint en mode double démarrage (dual-boot) avec Windows sur le disque dur de l' | ||
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+ | Linux Mint est préinstallé avec un pare-feu, l' | ||
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**Open the main menu, and navigate to Preferences > Firewall Configuration. Enter your Linux password in the pop-up dialogue box. The Firewall control panel now opens. Slide the Status toggle to the right (or simply click on the toggle) to activate the firewall. The grey shield icon will change to display green, white and red stripes, and the drop-down menus for both ‘Incoming: | **Open the main menu, and navigate to Preferences > Firewall Configuration. Enter your Linux password in the pop-up dialogue box. The Firewall control panel now opens. Slide the Status toggle to the right (or simply click on the toggle) to activate the firewall. The grey shield icon will change to display green, white and red stripes, and the drop-down menus for both ‘Incoming: | ||
An icon on the right end of the panel, in the form of a shield, indicates when software updates are available. The icon is small, probably grey, and somewhat inconspicuous. When software updates are available, the icon will stand out by virtue of an orange dot being displayed over the shield (below)** | An icon on the right end of the panel, in the form of a shield, indicates when software updates are available. The icon is small, probably grey, and somewhat inconspicuous. When software updates are available, the icon will stand out by virtue of an orange dot being displayed over the shield (below)** | ||
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+ | Ouvrez le menu principal et accédez à Préférences > Configuration du pare-feu. Saisissez votre mot de passe Linux dans la boîte de dialogue qui s' | ||
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+ | Une icône en forme de bouclier à droite du panneau indique la disponibilité des mises à jour logicielles. Cette icône est petite, probablement grise et peu visible. Lorsque des mises à jour logicielles sont disponibles, | ||
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**Clicking on this icon opens the Update Manager. The welcome screen recommends setting up system snapshots and applying all updates. System snapshots will back up certain system files and folders but will not back up personal data files. For my purposes, I don’t use these snapshots and instead make regular, full-disk, backup images, along with frequent backups of my dedicated data drive. So, to keep things simple, at least initially, we will take note of the advice regarding system snapshots but not take any action in this regard. Pressing the OK button brings up a second screen where a coloured band asks “Do you want to switch to a local mirror?” The default download location is a Linux Mint server and is perfectly adequate for obtaining updates so that using a local mirror is not required. So, once again, we will maintain the status quo and press the No button. Note that both of these choices can be subsequently changed using Preferences and Snapshots in Update Manager’s Edit menu.** | **Clicking on this icon opens the Update Manager. The welcome screen recommends setting up system snapshots and applying all updates. System snapshots will back up certain system files and folders but will not back up personal data files. For my purposes, I don’t use these snapshots and instead make regular, full-disk, backup images, along with frequent backups of my dedicated data drive. So, to keep things simple, at least initially, we will take note of the advice regarding system snapshots but not take any action in this regard. Pressing the OK button brings up a second screen where a coloured band asks “Do you want to switch to a local mirror?” The default download location is a Linux Mint server and is perfectly adequate for obtaining updates so that using a local mirror is not required. So, once again, we will maintain the status quo and press the No button. Note that both of these choices can be subsequently changed using Preferences and Snapshots in Update Manager’s Edit menu.** | ||
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+ | Cliquer sur cette icône ouvre le Gestionnaire de mises à jour. L' | ||
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**The main window will be populated automatically with a list of updates available for both the Linux system itself and installed applications. By default, all of the available updates are checked for installation. Note that this marks a major difference in the ways in which updates are handled by Windows and Linux. In general, Windows Update will install all updates as and when they become available. In Linux, we are notified that updates are available but have the option to install all the updates, any number of updates, or no updates according to our preference. The other thing to note is that, because actually activating the update process is a manual operation, the updates can be installed when most convenient for the user. | **The main window will be populated automatically with a list of updates available for both the Linux system itself and installed applications. By default, all of the available updates are checked for installation. Note that this marks a major difference in the ways in which updates are handled by Windows and Linux. In general, Windows Update will install all updates as and when they become available. In Linux, we are notified that updates are available but have the option to install all the updates, any number of updates, or no updates according to our preference. The other thing to note is that, because actually activating the update process is a manual operation, the updates can be installed when most convenient for the user. | ||
Updates are presented in three categories: security patches (shield icon), kernel updates (lightning bolt icon), and software updates (up-arrow icon). Security patches will fix known system vulnerabilities, | Updates are presented in three categories: security patches (shield icon), kernel updates (lightning bolt icon), and software updates (up-arrow icon). Security patches will fix known system vulnerabilities, | ||
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+ | La fenêtre principale s' | ||
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+ | Les mises à jour sont classées en trois catégories : | ||
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**Applying available updates is normally straightforward. A pop-up dialogue box requires the user’s password to be entered to authorize the changes. The updates are then downloaded with a progress bar, the download rate, and estimated time to completion, all being displayed in a window labelled Downloading Package Files. A ‘Show individual files’ link allows the details of the files being downloaded to be displayed. A similar window shows the progress on the installation of the updates. Finally, the message ‘Your system is up-to-date’ is displayed. | **Applying available updates is normally straightforward. A pop-up dialogue box requires the user’s password to be entered to authorize the changes. The updates are then downloaded with a progress bar, the download rate, and estimated time to completion, all being displayed in a window labelled Downloading Package Files. A ‘Show individual files’ link allows the details of the files being downloaded to be displayed. A similar window shows the progress on the installation of the updates. Finally, the message ‘Your system is up-to-date’ is displayed. | ||
Occasionally, | Occasionally, | ||
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+ | Parfois, et notamment si des mises à jour du noyau sont en cours, une fenêtre secondaire indique « Cette mise à niveau entraînera des modifications supplémentaires avec la liste des paquets à installer ». Ce logiciel est requis pour répondre aux dépendances des mises à jour principales et, là encore, toutes les modifications doivent être acceptées en cliquant sur le bouton OK. | ||
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**Updates to Linux are normally available on a frequent basis; however, the number of individual updates is usually small and installation is very rapid. For example, a recent update on my system consisted of 2 packages, with 3 MB of data to be downloaded and installed, and required 17 seconds for the update process to complete. Furthermore, | **Updates to Linux are normally available on a frequent basis; however, the number of individual updates is usually small and installation is very rapid. For example, a recent update on my system consisted of 2 packages, with 3 MB of data to be downloaded and installed, and required 17 seconds for the update process to complete. Furthermore, | ||
Now that our system is fully up-to-date, we can focus on customizing the desktop and installing additional applications to make our Linux system function in the way that suits our specific purposes. So, these will be our next tasks.** | Now that our system is fully up-to-date, we can focus on customizing the desktop and installing additional applications to make our Linux system function in the way that suits our specific purposes. So, these will be our next tasks.** | ||
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+ | Les mises à jour de Linux sont généralement disponibles fréquemment. Cependant, leur nombre est généralement faible et leur installation très rapide. Par exemple, une mise à jour récente de mon système comprenait deux paquets, avec 3 Mo de données à télécharger et à installer, et le processus a nécessité 17 secondes. De plus, le redémarrage n'est généralement pas nécessaire après l' | ||
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+ | Maintenant que notre système est entièrement à jour, nous pouvons nous concentrer sur la personnalisation du bureau et l' | ||
issue216/tutoriel2.txt · Dernière modification : 2025/04/29 16:51 de d52fr