issue220:tutoriel2
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Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue220:tutoriel2 [2025/08/24 17:08] – créée philou511 | issue220:tutoriel2 [2025/09/02 08:11] (Version actuelle) – d52fr | ||
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- | Trading Up To Linux – Part 8 | + | **Trading Up To Linux – Part 8 |
- | By Alan German | + | By Alan German** |
- | Now that we have Linux installed, updated, customized, and running smoothly, it’s time to think about backup procedures so that we can easily recover our system and, in particular, our personal data files should any problems arise. | + | **Now that we have Linux installed, updated, customized, and running smoothly, it’s time to think about backup procedures so that we can easily recover our system and, in particular, our personal data files should any problems arise. |
- | My backup strategy is a three-part process. I make regular full-disk image backups, usually on a monthly basis, that allow the entire system to be restored in the event of a catastrophic disk failure. This also provides the ability to restore an individual partition, such as that holding the Linux operating system, without affecting other areas of the drive. A second process automatically creates incremental backups of my dedicated data partition each time the Linux system is booted, and retains multiple backups over an extended time period. Finally, I take a manual snapshot of the data partition after every working session so as to ensure that fully up-to-date copies of all my data files are available at all times. | + | My backup strategy is a three-part process. I make regular full-disk image backups, usually on a monthly basis, that allow the entire system to be restored in the event of a catastrophic disk failure. This also provides the ability to restore an individual partition, such as that holding the Linux operating system, without affecting other areas of the drive. A second process automatically creates incremental backups of my dedicated data partition each time the Linux system is booted, and retains multiple backups over an extended time period. Finally, I take a manual snapshot of the data partition after every working session so as to ensure that fully up-to-date copies of all my data files are available at all times.** |
- | Foxclone | + | Maintenant que Linux est installé, mis à jour, personnalisé et fonctionne correctement, |
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+ | Ma stratégie de sauvegarde se déroule en trois étapes. J' | ||
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+ | **Foxclone | ||
My current preference for a disk imaging solution is Foxclone. This is open-source software, based on a stripped-down version of Ubuntu, that runs as a live-USB. The bootable drive can be created by downloading the Foxclone ISO file and using Balena Etcher as we did when creating our boot disk for Linux Mint (see Trading Up To Linux – Part 1). Foxclone is a front-end for partclone. It supports both MBR and GPT drives, and filesystems such as ext4 or NTFS. | My current preference for a disk imaging solution is Foxclone. This is open-source software, based on a stripped-down version of Ubuntu, that runs as a live-USB. The bootable drive can be created by downloading the Foxclone ISO file and using Balena Etcher as we did when creating our boot disk for Linux Mint (see Trading Up To Linux – Part 1). Foxclone is a front-end for partclone. It supports both MBR and GPT drives, and filesystems such as ext4 or NTFS. | ||
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Figure 1. Foxclone’s Main Screen with the Backup Tab Activated | Figure 1. Foxclone’s Main Screen with the Backup Tab Activated | ||
- | The top two panels in the display for the Backup tab allow the source disk and partitions to be selected for backup. By default, all available disk partitions are checked for inclusion in the backup process but any of these can be unchecked as desired. The lower-left panel is for the selection of the target drive on which the backup files will be stored. Once this has been selected, a file-manager window is displayed that allows the user to drill down into the file system and choose a backup folder and a baseline name for the backup files. The default name includes the current date, e.g. 20250321.backup, | + | The top two panels in the display for the Backup tab allow the source disk and partitions to be selected for backup. By default, all available disk partitions are checked for inclusion in the backup process but any of these can be unchecked as desired. The lower-left panel is for the selection of the target drive on which the backup files will be stored. Once this has been selected, a file-manager window is displayed that allows the user to drill down into the file system and choose a backup folder and a baseline name for the backup files. The default name includes the current date, e.g. 20250321.backup, |
- | A final display screen allows the user to review the backup choices before the process is launched. Progress bars and time estimates indicate the degree of completion of the backup of the disk partition that is currently underway together with that for the backup process as a whole. | + | Foxclone |
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+ | Ma solution de création d' | ||
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+ | La clé USB démarre sur un bureau Linux, Foxclone étant disponible sous forme d' | ||
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+ | Les deux panneaux supérieurs de l' | ||
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+ | **A final display screen allows the user to review the backup choices before the process is launched. Progress bars and time estimates indicate the degree of completion of the backup of the disk partition that is currently underway together with that for the backup process as a whole. | ||
The backup that is produced essentially consists of file pairs, one pair for each disk partition in the backup, such as the compressed image file, 20250321.sda1.img.gz, | The backup that is produced essentially consists of file pairs, one pair for each disk partition in the backup, such as the compressed image file, 20250321.sda1.img.gz, | ||
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Restoring a backup image for an entire drive, or for one or more partitions, is essentially the reverse of the above process. However, if an individual disk partition(s) is to be restored, prior to invoking the Restore tab, it is necessary to use the Settings tab and check the box labelled Enable partition selection since this is disabled by default. | Restoring a backup image for an entire drive, or for one or more partitions, is essentially the reverse of the above process. However, if an individual disk partition(s) is to be restored, prior to invoking the Restore tab, it is necessary to use the Settings tab and check the box labelled Enable partition selection since this is disabled by default. | ||
- | The Foxclone User Guide can be downloaded as a PDF file. The guide provides excellent documentation for the software and includes annotated screenshots of the program’s operations. | + | The Foxclone User Guide can be downloaded as a PDF file. The guide provides excellent documentation for the software and includes annotated screenshots of the program’s operations.** |
- | Back In Time | + | Un écran final permet à l' |
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+ | La sauvegarde générée se compose essentiellement de paires de fichiers, une paire pour chaque partition de disque, comme le fichier image compressé 20250321.sda1.img.gz et le fichier d' | ||
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+ | La restauration d'une image de sauvegarde pour un disque entier, ou pour une ou plusieurs partitions, s' | ||
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+ | Le guide d' | ||
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+ | **Back In Time | ||
This open-source software package is available through GitHub but, for Linux Mint, it can be installed simply by using the Software Manager. Back In Time is a front end for the rsync utility and provides a convenient way to schedule automatic backups of files and folders. Due to the use of hard links, once an initial backup set has been created, subsequent backups are incremental, | This open-source software package is available through GitHub but, for Linux Mint, it can be installed simply by using the Software Manager. Back In Time is a front end for the rsync utility and provides a convenient way to schedule automatic backups of files and folders. Due to the use of hard links, once an initial backup set has been created, subsequent backups are incremental, | ||
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Other options include enabling notifications, | Other options include enabling notifications, | ||
- | My preference is to run Back In Time at every boot/ | + | My preference is to run Back In Time at every boot/ |
- | The left panel shows the set of past snapshots that have been stored. Any of these snapshots can be selected in order to restore a file. The screenshot shows that the snapshot for 2025-02-28 has been selected. The right panel is used to browse for a specific folder and a file within that folder. In the screenshot, the file HoodHeight.py has been selected in the root folder of / | + | Back In Time |
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+ | Ce logiciel Open Source est disponible sur GitHub, mais pour Linux Mint, il s' | ||
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+ | Lors de la première exécution du programme, un profil de sauvegarde est créé. L' | ||
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+ | D' | ||
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+ | Je préfère exécuter Back In Time à chaque démarrage/ | ||
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+ | **The left panel shows the set of past snapshots that have been stored. Any of these snapshots can be selected in order to restore a file. The screenshot shows that the snapshot for 2025-02-28 has been selected. The right panel is used to browse for a specific folder and a file within that folder. In the screenshot, the file HoodHeight.py has been selected in the root folder of / | ||
A pop-up dialogue box asks for confirmation that the selected file is to be restored and provides an optional checkbox to create a backup copy of the file on the hard drive with the current date in the filename. For example, if the Python script file, HoodHeight.py, | A pop-up dialogue box asks for confirmation that the selected file is to be restored and provides an optional checkbox to create a backup copy of the file on the hard drive with the current date in the filename. For example, if the Python script file, HoodHeight.py, | ||
- | Figure 2. Restoring a File from Back In Time’s Main Screen | + | Figure 2. Restoring a File from Back In Time’s Main Screen** |
- | FreeFileSync | + | Le panneau de gauche affiche l' |
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+ | Une boîte de dialogue contextuelle demande de confirmer la restauration du fichier sélectionné et propose une case à cocher facultative pour créer une copie de sauvegarde du fichier sur le disque dur avec la date du jour dans le nom du fichier. Par exemple, si le fichier de script Python HoodHeight.py est restauré sur le disque dur le 04/03/2025, le fichier actuel remplacé sur le disque dur sera renommé en ajoutant .backup.20250304 au nom du fichier. Dans ce cas, une fois la restauration terminée, le fichier de la sauvegarde du 28/02/2025 aura été copié sur le disque dur sous le nom HoodHeight.py, | ||
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+ | **FreeFileSync | ||
FreeFileSync is an open-source, | FreeFileSync is an open-source, | ||
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The default installation parameters are to install for all users, use / | The default installation parameters are to install for all users, use / | ||
- | I use a simplified window layout by removing the default Configuration and Overview tabs. I then set the source folder, in the left panel, as my dedicated data partition (/ | + | I use a simplified window layout by removing the default Configuration and Overview tabs. I then set the source folder, in the left panel, as my dedicated data partition (/ |
- | (Figure 3) | + | FreeFileSync |
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+ | FreeFileSync est un utilitaire Open Source et multiplateforme de synchronisation de fichiers et de dossiers, téléchargeable depuis le site Web du développeur | ||
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+ | Les paramètres d' | ||
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+ | J' | ||
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+ | **Additional configuration options can be selected using the gear icons adjacent to the Compare and Synchronize buttons. The comparison method can be left at the default of file time and size while comparison by file content is an available option. The latter process can be selected if there is a need to ensure that the backup files are bit-for-bit copies of the originals. Most users will likely select mirror as the synchronization method to make the backup on the target drive an exact copy of the source drive. In this case, new or modified files will be copied from the source drive to the target, and files that have been deleted from the source will be deleted on the target. The alternatives are two-way where the newest file on either drive will be copied to the other drive, and files deleted on one drive will be deleted from the other drive, or update where new or modified files are copied from the source drive to the target but no files are ever deleted from the target drive.** | ||
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+ | Des options de configuration supplémentaires peuvent être sélectionnées à l'aide des icônes d' | ||
- | Additional configuration options can be selected using the gear icons adjacent to the Compare and Synchronize buttons. The comparison method can be left at the default of file time and size while comparison by file content is an available option. The latter process can be selected if there is a need to ensure that the backup files are bit-for-bit copies of the originals. Most users will likely select mirror as the synchronization method to make the backup on the target drive an exact copy of the source drive. In this case, new or modified files will be copied from the source drive to the target, and files that have been deleted from the source will be deleted on the target. The alternatives are two-way where the newest file on either drive will be copied to the other drive, and files deleted on one drive will be deleted from the other drive, or update where new or modified files are copied from the source drive to the target but no files are ever deleted from the target drive. | ||
Figure 3. FreeFileSync Comparison of Two Folders | Figure 3. FreeFileSync Comparison of Two Folders | ||
- | Pressing the Compare button causes FreeFileSync to analyze the files contained in both the source and target folders, and their sub-folders, | + | **Pressing the Compare button causes FreeFileSync to analyze the files contained in both the source and target folders, and their sub-folders, |
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+ | While FreeFileSync is easy to set up and use for simple file and folder synchronization as noted above, the software has many additional and much more powerful features. These include the ability to establish multiple filters to include or exclude certain items from processing, scheduling batch jobs, synchronization with SFTP and FTP servers, and file versioning.** | ||
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+ | En cliquant sur le bouton Comparer, FreeFileSync analyse les fichiers contenus dans les dossiers source et cible, ainsi que leurs sous-dossiers, | ||
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+ | Si FreeFileSync est facile à configurer et à utiliser pour la synchronisation simple des fichiers et des dossiers, comme indiqué précédemment, | ||
- | While FreeFileSync is easy to set up and use for simple file and folder synchronization as noted above, the software has many additional and much more powerful features. These include the ability to establish multiple filters to include or exclude certain items from processing, scheduling batch jobs, synchronization with SFTP and FTP servers, and file versioning. | ||
- | Summary | + | **Summary |
The combination of Foxclone, Back In Time, and FreeFileSync, | The combination of Foxclone, Back In Time, and FreeFileSync, | ||
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Andy Hardwick | Andy Hardwick | ||
Version 53 | Version 53 | ||
+ | https:// | ||
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+ | Back In Time (Open Source) | ||
+ | Version 1.5.4 | ||
+ | https:// | ||
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+ | FreeFileSync (Open Source) | ||
+ | Zenju | ||
+ | Version 14.3 | ||
+ | https:// | ||
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+ | Résumé | ||
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+ | L' | ||
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+ | En résumé | ||
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+ | Foxclone (Open Source) | ||
+ | Andy Hardwick | ||
+ | Version 53 | ||
https:// | https:// | ||
issue220/tutoriel2.1756048125.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2025/08/24 17:08 de philou511