issue67:tutoriel_-_inkscape_p._7
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue67:tutoriel_-_inkscape_p._7 [2013/01/16 19:13] – frangi | issue67:tutoriel_-_inkscape_p._7 [2013/01/27 17:04] (Version actuelle) – mna | ||
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The body is just a rectangle with an ellipse peeking out from beneath it. By giving them matching gradients we could create the illusion of a single object. The curve at the top doesn' | The body is just a rectangle with an ellipse peeking out from beneath it. By giving them matching gradients we could create the illusion of a single object. The curve at the top doesn' | ||
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+ | À la fin de l' | ||
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+ | Il y a évidemment une ellipse en haut et une autre pour le bord, mais quid du corps principal du chapeau ? Avec vos nouvelles connaissances du mois dernier, il serait facile à créer en convertissant un rectangle sur un chemin et en courbant les segments du haut et du bas, mais cette version est antérieure de plusieurs mois à la version actuelle. Exploser le chapeau en ses parties constituantes rend les choses un peu plus claires : | ||
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+ | Le corps est simplement un rectangle avec une ellipse pointant furtivement par dessous. En leur donnant des dégradés correspondants, | ||
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But we've already got the shape we want in the outline formed by the rectangle and ellipse. What we really want to do is to combine those objects into a single path. In order for Inkscape to know which items we want to combine, our first step is to select them both. Switch to the selection tool, click on the rectangle, and then hold down SHIFT while clicking on the ellipse. The status bar should tell you that you have “2 objects of types Rectangle, Ellipse” selected. If not, use Edit > Deselect (or just click on the background, away from any other objects) in order to clear your selection, then try again. Once you're happy that you've got the right two objects selected, use the Path > Union menu entry (CTRL-+) to combine your objects into a single path: | But we've already got the shape we want in the outline formed by the rectangle and ellipse. What we really want to do is to combine those objects into a single path. In order for Inkscape to know which items we want to combine, our first step is to select them both. Switch to the selection tool, click on the rectangle, and then hold down SHIFT while clicking on the ellipse. The status bar should tell you that you have “2 objects of types Rectangle, Ellipse” selected. If not, use Edit > Deselect (or just click on the background, away from any other objects) in order to clear your selection, then try again. Once you're happy that you've got the right two objects selected, use the Path > Union menu entry (CTRL-+) to combine your objects into a single path: | ||
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+ | Tromper l'œil pour faire un effet artistique peut être très utile, mais, dans ce cas, c' | ||
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+ | Mais nous avons déjà la forme que nous voulons dans la zone formée par le rectangle et l' | ||
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The stacking order was briefly mentioned back in the first part of this series: objects within Inkscape can sit 'on top of' each other, with ones at the top of the stack obscuring those below (assuming they' | The stacking order was briefly mentioned back in the first part of this series: objects within Inkscape can sit 'on top of' each other, with ones at the top of the stack obscuring those below (assuming they' | ||
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+ | Si vous zoomez très près, vous remarquerez que notre nouveau chemin n'est pas aussi parfait que nous le souhaiterions. Certains défauts d' | ||
+ | De la même manière que pour l' | ||
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+ | L' | ||
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To cut one object from another, the shape that is being removed must be on top of the other object – in our case the ellipse needs to be on top of the rectangle-with-a-curved-base. It's probably already on top in the stack, but it doesn' | To cut one object from another, the shape that is being removed must be on top of the other object – in our case the ellipse needs to be on top of the rectangle-with-a-curved-base. It's probably already on top in the stack, but it doesn' | ||
Unfortunately there are a couple of problems with the result: the first is that, once again, we have some rogue nodes that will need to be manually tidied up; the second is that our ellipse has now completely disappeared! That's a side effect of the Path > Difference operation: the object you are cutting out is also removed in the process. | Unfortunately there are a couple of problems with the result: the first is that, once again, we have some rogue nodes that will need to be manually tidied up; the second is that our ellipse has now completely disappeared! That's a side effect of the Path > Difference operation: the object you are cutting out is also removed in the process. | ||
+ | ** | ||
+ | Pour découper un objet dans un autre, la forme à supprimer doit être au-dessus de l' | ||
+ | Malheureusement, | ||
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+ | ** | ||
Press CTRL-Z (or use Edit > Undo) to restore your ellipse back to its pre-cut status. Now select just the ellipse and use Edit > Duplicate (CTRL-D). This will create a copy of the selected object(s) at exactly the same location on the canvas, but at the top of the stack. It's worth getting used to the keyboard shortcut for this as it's a particularly useful feature – it not only gives you a disposable copy of your cutting object to use, but also saves you having to manually move it to the top of the stack. It even leaves the new object selected, so you just have to SHIFT-click on the object to be cut, then use Path > Difference. Now our former rectangle has a curved base and a curved top, and we still have an ellipse to form the lid. | Press CTRL-Z (or use Edit > Undo) to restore your ellipse back to its pre-cut status. Now select just the ellipse and use Edit > Duplicate (CTRL-D). This will create a copy of the selected object(s) at exactly the same location on the canvas, but at the top of the stack. It's worth getting used to the keyboard shortcut for this as it's a particularly useful feature – it not only gives you a disposable copy of your cutting object to use, but also saves you having to manually move it to the top of the stack. It even leaves the new object selected, so you just have to SHIFT-click on the object to be cut, then use Path > Difference. Now our former rectangle has a curved base and a curved top, and we still have an ellipse to form the lid. | ||
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+ | Appuyez sur CTRL-Z (ou utiliser Edition> Annuler) pour restaurer votre ellipse à son état d' | ||
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Let's CTRL-Z back to our straight-topped hat. It may seem that we've gone round in circles, but, along the way, you've learned about Path > Difference, the visual issues that anti-aliasing can sometimes cause, and the fact that sometimes it's better to draw something that looks right, even if its underlying structure isn't as pure or correct as you might like. Before finally reassembling the hat it might be worth adding some creases and crumples using the path tools from last month: | Let's CTRL-Z back to our straight-topped hat. It may seem that we've gone round in circles, but, along the way, you've learned about Path > Difference, the visual issues that anti-aliasing can sometimes cause, and the fact that sometimes it's better to draw something that looks right, even if its underlying structure isn't as pure or correct as you might like. Before finally reassembling the hat it might be worth adding some creases and crumples using the path tools from last month: | ||
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+ | Mais il y a toujours un problème. Un examen attentif de la jointure entre le rectangle et le couvercle courbe montre une ligne mince montrant le fond ou les objets en dessous. Inkscape utilise l' | ||
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+ | Il y a quelques solutions à ce problème d' | ||
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+ | Par CTRL-Z revenons à notre chapeau au sommet droit. Il peut sembler que nous avons tourné en rond, mais, en cours de route, vous avez appris le Chemin> | ||
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With a bit of practice these Boolean operations will allow you to produce complex paths from a few simple shapes. They provide a fast way to produce rough initial outlines that you can then tweak with the node tool into something more refined. But don't dismiss them solely as a blunt instrument for coarse construction work: they can also be used to sculpt and shape with the precision of a scalpel. | With a bit of practice these Boolean operations will allow you to produce complex paths from a few simple shapes. They provide a fast way to produce rough initial outlines that you can then tweak with the node tool into something more refined. But don't dismiss them solely as a blunt instrument for coarse construction work: they can also be used to sculpt and shape with the precision of a scalpel. | ||
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+ | Pendant que vous étiez dans le menu Chemin à la recherche de l' | ||
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+ | Avec un peu de pratique, ces opérations booléennes vous permettront de produire des chemins complexes à partir de quelques formes simples. Ils fournissent un moyen rapide pour produire les premières grandes lignes que vous pouvez ensuite travailler avec l' | ||
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issue67/tutoriel_-_inkscape_p._7.1358360037.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2013/01/16 19:13 de frangi