issue72:network_settings
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue72:network_settings [2013/06/30 23:59] – Traduction en cours - 65% franck | issue72:network_settings [2013/08/30 12:32] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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- | Network Settings | + | ===== 1 ===== |
+ | |||
+ | **Network Settings | ||
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For the laptop and printer you can, almost always, choose between the two, and for desktops the choice is probably made already, with the presence of the Ethernet port and the missing wireless card. | For the laptop and printer you can, almost always, choose between the two, and for desktops the choice is probably made already, with the presence of the Ethernet port and the missing wireless card. | ||
- | The second choice is how do you want your device to be connect to your network. Do you use the devices (cellphone, tablet, laptop) also on other networks, wifi at the office, school, mall or maybe even in the train, or is it (desktop, printer/ | + | The second choice is how do you want your device to be connect to your network. Do you use the devices (cellphone, tablet, laptop) also on other networks, wifi at the office, school, mall or maybe even in the train, or is it (desktop, printer/ |
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+ | Configuration réseau | ||
+ | |||
+ | Quand vous connectez votre ordinateur de bureau, ordinateur portable, imprimante/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Le premier choix que vous devez faire est l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pour l’ordinateur portable ou l’imprimante vous pouvez, presque toujours, choisir l’un des deux et, pour l’ordinateur de bureau, le choix est probablement déjà fait, par la présence d’un port Ethernet et l’absence de carte Wifi. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Le second choix est : comment voulez-vous vous connecter à votre réseau ? Voulez-vous utiliser ce matériel (téléphone portable, tablette, ordinateur portable) également sur d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 2 ===== | ||
- | DHCP stands for: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (See http:// | + | **DHCP stands for: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (See http:// |
Routers have a DHCP server on board so you can use it very easily. | Routers have a DHCP server on board so you can use it very easily. | ||
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Using DHCP, the router will give your connected device the first free address in the range of addresses it can use, meaning it might use a different address each time it is connected. | Using DHCP, the router will give your connected device the first free address in the range of addresses it can use, meaning it might use a different address each time it is connected. | ||
- | For a desktop, which is placed under or on your table and which will be there till it falls apart, you can also use the manual “fixed address” settings. This way, you are in control: you decide which address the computer uses, and you know it always uses that one same address. | + | For a desktop, which is placed under or on your table and which will be there till it falls apart, you can also use the manual “fixed address” settings. This way, you are in control: you decide which address the computer uses, and you know it always uses that one same address.** |
- | Both ways have advantages. | + | DHCP signifie : Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (http:// |
+ | |||
+ | Les routeurs embarquent un serveur DHCP ; ainsi, il peut être utilisé très facilement. | ||
+ | |||
+ | En utilisant DHCP, le routeur donnera à votre matériel la première adresse disponible dans la plage qui lui est allouée, ce qui signifie qu'il est possible qu'il utilise une adresse différente à chaque connexion. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dans le cas d'un ordinateur, placé sur ou sous votre bureau, et qui y restera jusqu' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 3 ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Both ways have advantages. | ||
When using DHCP, your device will almost automatically be connected to a network when it comes in range AND you have permission to connect to it. You just need to chose the security used by the network (if any) and probably type in a password. | When using DHCP, your device will almost automatically be connected to a network when it comes in range AND you have permission to connect to it. You just need to chose the security used by the network (if any) and probably type in a password. | ||
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I will explain this using a Kubuntu system. For other systems, there will be differences in setting it up, but they will be minor. | I will explain this using a Kubuntu system. For other systems, there will be differences in setting it up, but they will be minor. | ||
- | When you open the Network connection settings, you see what is shown in the picture above. I use a wired connection, since this is the only connection the computer has. The connection is called: “Wired connection 1”. Now this is just a name, you can use anything you want here. You can make more than one connection if you need to, each using its own settings. | + | When you open the Network connection settings, you see what is shown in the picture above. I use a wired connection, since this is the only connection the computer has. The connection is called: “Wired connection 1”. Now this is just a name, you can use anything you want here. You can make more than one connection if you need to, each using its own settings.** |
+ | |||
+ | Les deux présentent des avantages. | ||
+ | |||
+ | En utilisant DHCP, votre matériel se connectera presque automatiquement à un réseau à portée SI vous avez la permission de vous y connecter. Vous n' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Si vous choisissez une adresse fixe, vous savez laquelle c'est et vous pouvez l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Que faire pour configurer une connexion? | ||
+ | |||
+ | Je vais l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | En ouvrant les paramètres de configuration réseau, vous verrez ce qui figure dans l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== 4 ===== | ||
- | Each time the computer is booted, the connection is switched on automatically—which makes life easy. | + | **Each time the computer is booted, the connection is switched on automatically—which makes life easy. |
As you can see, I use the Automatic (DHCP) method of connecting to my router. In the middle of the screen I chose DHCP, and now the other fields for setting IP address, Subnet mask and Gateway are grayed out. They don't need to be filled out since the DHCP router takes care of them. | As you can see, I use the Automatic (DHCP) method of connecting to my router. In the middle of the screen I chose DHCP, and now the other fields for setting IP address, Subnet mask and Gateway are grayed out. They don't need to be filled out since the DHCP router takes care of them. | ||
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• The subnet mask is used to organize your network. It tells which addresses can be used by means of a filter. In my case the value is set to 255.255.255.0. This means when placing this filter on top of the address, the DHCP server can use only the addresses 192.168.1.0 until 192.168.1.255. Only the part after the last decimal point can change. This is caused by the value “0” in the mask. Mind you, in this range there are a few addresses which will not be used for connected devices since they are used by the network itself. | • The subnet mask is used to organize your network. It tells which addresses can be used by means of a filter. In my case the value is set to 255.255.255.0. This means when placing this filter on top of the address, the DHCP server can use only the addresses 192.168.1.0 until 192.168.1.255. Only the part after the last decimal point can change. This is caused by the value “0” in the mask. Mind you, in this range there are a few addresses which will not be used for connected devices since they are used by the network itself. | ||
- | • The Gateway is the door which connects your local private network to the Internet. It is the address for the “inside” part of the router, the local LAN side of the router. | + | • The Gateway is the door which connects your local private network to the Internet. It is the address for the “inside” part of the router, the local LAN side of the router.** |
- | On the other side, the WAN side of the router, the address is the IP address your Internet Service Provider gave you, either by means of a fixed or a DHCP address. | + | Chaque fois que vous démarrerez l' |
- | Using DHCP (on a private network) has the big advantage that you don't need to know anything about the network, or about somebody else's network, when you want to connect to it. It is not important which address you get, it is not important to know which addresses the network uses. Local networks can use one of a couple of address ranges, either the 192.168.x.x series or the 10.10.x.x series. Your device receives an IP address and that' | + | Comme vous pouvez le voir, j' |
- | But what if you want to have the ease of use of the DHCP server, and still want a fixed address so you can use that address in scripts when connecting to that device? | + | Dans la seconde image, j'ai choisi le paramétrage manuel et entré l' |
- | There is a way, but it depends on your router whether it is possible to use it. | + | Quelques explications : |
- | Some routers can be told that when device X is trying to connect, it always gets the same address, no matter how few or how many devices are connected to the router already. | + | • L' |
- | This is done by means of the MAC address. MAC stands for Media Access Control. See http://en.wikipedia.org/ | + | • Le masque de sous-réseau permet d' |
- | The MAC address is a unique address for each network card/chip, and is stored in the read only memory of the card, or in the chip which handles network traffic. | + | • La passerelle est le point par lequel votre réseau local se connecte à internet. C'est l' |
- | There are no two chips/cards in the world with the same MAC address. This makes them unique. (However, on most network hardware, you can spoof a MAC address, tell it to use an address you specify, not what is on the chip.) | + | ===== 5 ===== |
- | Now, how to use the MAC address? This depends on your router, | + | **On the other side, the WAN side of the router, |
- | My router, | + | Using DHCP (on a private network) |
- | In the Setup tab you find the settings for your Internet connection. As can be seen here, I have a DHCP address | + | But what if you want to have the ease of use of the DHCP server, and still want a fixed address |
- | Below that you see the local network setup. | + | There is a way, but it depends on your router whether it is possible to use it.** |
- | The router has the address 192.168.1.1, with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, meaning addresses 192.168.1.1 – 192.168.1.255 can be used. | + | De l' |
- | DHCP Server is enabled, because I want to make it easy for devices to connect to the network. DHCP is using the addresses | + | Utiliser |
- | In this section of the setup, you find the button DHCP Reservation. This is the one to use if you want to combine DHCP with fixed addresses. | + | Mais comment faire si vous voulez bénéficier de la facilité que procure l' |
+ | Il existe un moyen, mais la possibilité de l' | ||
- | When clicking the button you will see the next picture, which is a part of the total screen which shows up. | + | ===== 6 ===== |
- | In here you see a table with connected devices, their assigned IP address, | + | **Some routers can be told that when device X is trying to connect, it always gets the same address, |
- | Give your device a name which is easy to remember, choose an IP address, find the MAC address | + | This is done by means of the MAC address. |
- | Reboot your device | + | The MAC address is a unique address for each network card/ |
- | Now you have the best of both worlds, and the ease of using a DHCP server, and the fact your devices always | + | There are no two chips/cards in the world with the same MAC address. This makes them unique. (However, on most network hardware, you can spoof a MAC address, tell it to use an address you specify, not what is on the chip.) |
- | ------- | + | Now, how to use the MAC address? This depends on your router, if it is possible, and, if so, how to do that. |
- | ** Configuration réseau | + | My router, a Cisco Linksys E4200, has the ability of combining the MAC address of a connected device to a handed-out IP address.** |
- | Quand vous connectez votre ordinateur | + | Certains routeurs peuvent être configurés |
- | Le premier choix que vous devez faire est d’utiliser une connection filaire ou sans fil. Pour la tablette ou le téléphone portable, le choix est simple | + | Ceci est réalisé au moyen de l' |
- | Pour l’ordinateur portable ou l’imprimante vous pouvez, presque toujours, choisir l’un des deux, et pour l’ordinateur de bureau le choix est probablement déjà fait, par la présence d’un port Ethernet et l’absence | + | L' |
- | Le second choix est : comment voulez-vous vous connecter à votre réseau ? Voulez-vous utiliser ce matériel | + | Il n'y a pas deux puces/ |
- | DHCP signifie : Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (http:// | + | Comment utiliser l'adresse MAC ? Tout dépend |
- | Les routeurs embarquent | + | Mon routeur, |
- | En utilisant DHCP, le routeur donnera à votre matériel la première adresse disponible dans la plage qui lui est allouée, ce qui signifie qu'il est possible qu'il utilise une adresse différente à chaque connexion. | + | ===== 7 ===== |
- | Dans le cas d'un ordinateur, placé sur ou sous votre bureau, et qui y restera jusqu' | + | **In the Setup tab you find the settings for your Internet connection. As can be seen here, I have a DHCP address from my provider. This means, whenever the modem shuts down, I could get a different IP address from my ISP. Since we are connected 24/7 it will not happen frequently. |
- | Les deux présentent des avantages. | + | Below that you see the local network setup. |
- | En utilisant DHCP, votre matériel se connectera presque automatiquement à un réseau à portée SI vous avez la permission de vous y connecter. Vous n' | + | The router has the address 192.168.1.1, with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, |
- | Si vous choisissez une adresse fixe, vous savez laquelle c'est et vous pouvez utiliser cela dans des scripts pour effectuer l' | + | DHCP Server is enabled, because I want to make it easy for devices to connect to the network. DHCP is using the addresses 192.168.1.100 – 192.168.1.199 (100 addresses, this should be enough for my wife and me). |
- | Que faire pour configurer une connexion? | + | In this section of the setup, you find the button DHCP Reservation. This is the one to use if you want to combine DHCP with fixed addresses.** |
- | Je vais illustrer cela en utilisant Kubuntu. Pour d' | ||
- | En ouvrant | + | Vous trouverez sous l' |
- | À chaque fois que vous démarrerez | + | En dessous, |
- | Comme vous pouvez le voir, j' | + | Le serveur DHCP est activé, parce que je veux faciliter |
- | Dans la seconde illustration, | + | Dans cette section de l'installation, vous trouverez |
+ | ===== 8 ===== | ||
- | Quelques explications : | + | **When clicking the button you will see the next picture, which is a part of the total screen which shows up. |
- | • L' | + | In here you see a table with connected devices, their assigned |
- | • Le masque de sous-réseau permet d' | + | Give your device a name which is easy to remember, choose an IP address, find the MAC address the device uses, and add it here on this page. (This is done in another part of the page, which is not shown here.) Save your settings. |
+ | |||
+ | Reboot your device and check the IP address it received. It should match the entry in the table. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Now you have the best of both worlds, and the ease of using a DHCP server, and the fact your devices always use the same fixed IP addresses.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | En cliquant sur le bouton, vous verrez | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ici vous voyez une tableau avec les périphériques connectés, leur adresse | ||
+ | |||
+ | Donnez à votre appareil un nom qui est facile à retenir, choisissez une adresse IP, trouvez l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Redémarrez votre appareil et vérifiez l' | ||
- | • La passerelle est le point par lequel votre réseau local se connecte à internet. C'est l' | ||
- | De l' | ||
- | Utiliser DHCP (sur un réseau privé) présente le gros avantage que vous n'avez pas à tout connaître du réseau, ou de celui de quelqu' | ||
- | Mais dans le cas où vous voudriez bénéficier de la facilité que procure l' | ||
- | Il existe un moyen, mais la possibilité de l' | ||
- | Certains routeurs peuvent être configurés de façon à ce que quand le matériel X essaie de se connecter, il obtienne toujours la même adresse, quelque soit le nombre de matériels déjà connectés à celui-ci.** |
issue72/network_settings.1372629563.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2013/06/30 23:59 de franck