issue91:libreoffice
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue91:libreoffice [2015/01/02 15:57] – créée andre_domenech | issue91:libreoffice [2015/02/25 10:20] (Version actuelle) – [9] auntiee | ||
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- | Spreadsheets are good for collecting data like temperatures, | + | ====== 1 ====== |
+ | |||
+ | **Spreadsheets are good for collecting data like temperatures, | ||
Importing the Data | Importing the Data | ||
- | For our data, I have collected a few months worth of stock prices on the mutual fund FFACX. You can find the data at http:// | + | For our data, I have collected a few months worth of stock prices on the mutual fund FFACX. You can find the data at http:// |
+ | |||
+ | Les tableurs sont parfaits pour collecter des données comme les températures, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Importer les données | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pour nos données, j'ai rassemblé la valeur du prix d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | [Ndt : Si Calc est configuré en langue française, il faut remplacer tous les « . » par des « , » dans la colonne B pour que les données soient reconnues comme des nombres.] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== 2 ====== | ||
- | Creating a Named Cell Range | + | **Creating a Named Cell Range |
Throughout this article we will use the prices as our data range. Since we will use the range several times, we will name it to make the references easier. Select all the prices (cells B2:B82). The easiest way to select all the cells is to type the range B2:B82 into the cell name box on the formula toolbar and press Enter on the keyboard. Insert > Names > Define, and the “Define Name” dialog shows. Name the range “Prices”. Notice the absolute reference in the Range text box ($Sheet1.$B$2: | Throughout this article we will use the prices as our data range. Since we will use the range several times, we will name it to make the references easier. Select all the prices (cells B2:B82). The easiest way to select all the cells is to type the range B2:B82 into the cell name box on the formula toolbar and press Enter on the keyboard. Insert > Names > Define, and the “Define Name” dialog shows. Name the range “Prices”. Notice the absolute reference in the Range text box ($Sheet1.$B$2: | ||
- | Now, in any formula or function where we use the name “Prices”, | + | Now, in any formula or function where we use the name “Prices”, |
- | MAX and MIN | + | Créer une plage nommée de cellules |
+ | |||
+ | Tout au long de cet article, nous allons utiliser ces prix comme plage de données. Puisque nous allons utiliser cette plage à plusieurs reprises, nous allons la nommer pour rendre les références plus simples. Sélectionnez tous les prix (les cellules B2:B82). La meilleure façon de sélectionner toutes les cellules est de taper la plage B2:B82 dans la « Zone de nom » de la barre de formule et d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Maintenant, dans une formule ou une fonction où nous utiliserons le nom « Prix », ce sera la même chose que d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== 3 ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **MAX and MIN | ||
The first two statistical functions we will look at are MAX and MIN. Both functions accept a list of values or range(s). MAX returns the maximum (or largest) value in the list. MIN does just the opposite, returning the minimum (or smallest) value in the list. | The first two statistical functions we will look at are MAX and MIN. Both functions accept a list of values or range(s). MAX returns the maximum (or largest) value in the list. MIN does just the opposite, returning the minimum (or smallest) value in the list. | ||
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=MAX(Prices) | =MAX(Prices) | ||
- | You should get the result 14.16. If you look through the list of prices, you will discover this is the largest number in the list. | + | You should get the result 14.16. If you look through the list of prices, you will discover this is the largest number in the list.** |
- | In D5 put “Lowest.” The formula for E5 is | + | MAX et MIN |
+ | |||
+ | Les deux premières fonctions statistiques que nous examinerons sont MAX et MIN. Les deux fonctions acceptent une liste de valeurs ou plage(s). MAX retourne le maximum (la plus grande valeur) dans la liste. MIN fait exactement le contraire, retournant le minimum (la plus petite valeur) dans la liste. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Déplacez votre curseur sur D4. Saisissez « maximum ». Dans la cellule E4, tapez la formule | ||
+ | |||
+ | =MAX(Prix) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Vous devriez obtenir le résultat 14,16. Si vous regardez la liste des prix, vous découvrirez que c'est le plus grand nombre dans la liste. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== 4 ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **In D5 put “Lowest.” The formula for E5 is | ||
=MIN(Prices) | =MIN(Prices) | ||
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=MAX(Prices) – MIN(Prices) | =MAX(Prices) – MIN(Prices) | ||
- | in cell E6. In the formula, the results of the functions are calculated first. MAX(Prices) becomes 14.16, and MIN(Prices) becomes 13.57. Then the result of 14.16-13.57 is placed in the cell E6. Place the text “Difference” in the cell D6 as a label. | + | in cell E6. In the formula, the results of the functions are calculated first. MAX(Prices) becomes 14.16, and MIN(Prices) becomes 13.57. Then the result of 14.16-13.57 is placed in the cell E6. Place the text “Difference” in the cell D6 as a label.** |
- | AVERAGE, MEDIAN, and MODE | + | En D5 saisissez « minimum ». La formule de E5 est : |
+ | |||
+ | =MIN(Prix) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Le résultat est 13,57, le plus petit nombre dans la liste. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Il est également possible d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | =MAX(Prix) - MIN(Prix) | ||
+ | |||
+ | dans la cellule E6. Dans la formule, les résultats de ces fonctions sont calculées en premier. MAX(Prix) devient 14,16 et MIN(Prix) devient 13,57. Ensuite, le résultat 14,16-13,57 est placé dans la cellule E6. Indiquez le texte « différence » dans la cellule D6 comme étiquette. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== 5 ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **AVERAGE, MEDIAN, and MODE | ||
In statistics there are many ways to determine just what is the typical value for a set of numbers. Among these are the arithmetic average, the median, and the mode. The arithmetic average, known to most people as simply the average, is the sum of a series of numbers divided by the number of items in the series. In Calc we use the AVERAGE function to get the arithmetic average. | In statistics there are many ways to determine just what is the typical value for a set of numbers. Among these are the arithmetic average, the median, and the mode. The arithmetic average, known to most people as simply the average, is the sum of a series of numbers divided by the number of items in the series. In Calc we use the AVERAGE function to get the arithmetic average. | ||
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The median ranks the numbers from the lowest to the highest. If the number of items in the series is an odd number, it takes the one in the middle. If it is even, the median is the arithmetic average of the two center numbers. Calc uses the MEDIAN function to calculate the median for you. | The median ranks the numbers from the lowest to the highest. If the number of items in the series is an odd number, it takes the one in the middle. If it is even, the median is the arithmetic average of the two center numbers. Calc uses the MEDIAN function to calculate the median for you. | ||
- | Mode is the number that repeats most often. If there is a tie, it uses the smallest number. Calc uses the MODE function to get the mode for you. | + | Mode is the number that repeats most often. If there is a tie, it uses the smallest number. Calc uses the MODE function to get the mode for you.** |
- | We can see the results of these three functions by putting the following formulas in the cells E7, E8, and E9. | + | MOYENNE, MÉDIANE ET MODE |
+ | |||
+ | Dans les statistiques, | ||
+ | |||
+ | La médiane classe les numéros du plus petit au plus grand. Si on a un nombre impair de données dans la série, elle prend celui du milieu. Sinon, la médiane est la moyenne arithmétique des deux nombres du milieu. Calc utilise la fonction MEDIANE pour calculer la médiane. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Le mode est le nombre qui se répète le plus souvent. S'il y a égalité, on prend le plus petit nombre. Calc utilise la fonction MODE pour obtenir le mode. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== 6 ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **We can see the results of these three functions by putting the following formulas in the cells E7, E8, and E9. | ||
=AVERAGE(Prices) | =AVERAGE(Prices) | ||
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You will notice that the results are within a few hundredths of each others. This is not true in all cases. Numbers that are much larger or much smaller than all the others can affect the average. In those cases, the mode or median might better suit your needs for a typical value. | You will notice that the results are within a few hundredths of each others. This is not true in all cases. Numbers that are much larger or much smaller than all the others can affect the average. In those cases, the mode or median might better suit your needs for a typical value. | ||
- | The Calc statistical functions help us to analyze the data in a Calc spreadsheet. We touched on only a few of the statistical functions. Calc has over 70 statistical functions. This is just one of many categories of functions available to us in Calc. You can get a list of all the Calc functions in the help documentation. | + | The Calc statistical functions help us to analyze the data in a Calc spreadsheet. We touched on only a few of the statistical functions. Calc has over 70 statistical functions. This is just one of many categories of functions available to us in Calc. You can get a list of all the Calc functions in the help documentation.** |
- | Conditional Formatting | + | Nous pouvons voir les résultats de ces trois fonctions en plaçant les formules suivantes dans les cellules E7, E8 et E9. |
+ | |||
+ | =MOYENNE(Prix) | ||
+ | |||
+ | =MEDIANE(Prix) | ||
+ | |||
+ | =MODE(Prix) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Vous remarquerez que les résultats sont à quelques centièmes les uns des autres. Ce n'est pas vrai dans tous les cas. Des valeurs qui sont beaucoup plus grandes ou beaucoup plus petites que les autres peuvent affecter la moyenne. Dans ces cas-là, le mode ou la médiane pourraient mieux répondre à vos besoins pour une valeur représentative. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Les fonctions statistiques de Calc nous aident à analyser les données dans une feuille de calcul. Nous n' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== 7 ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Conditional Formatting | ||
In our data set, the top and bottom are pretty close together, so the average will work good for us as the typical value for this data set. We can use conditional formatting to mark each of the prices as either above or below the average. | In our data set, the top and bottom are pretty close together, so the average will work good for us as the typical value for this data set. We can use conditional formatting to mark each of the prices as either above or below the average. | ||
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Start by selecting all the prices in the B column (B2:B82). Since we named the range B2:B82, a quick way to select all the prices is by using the drop down arrow for the cell name box on the formula toolbar and selecting the name “Prices(Sheet1).” | Start by selecting all the prices in the B column (B2:B82). Since we named the range B2:B82, a quick way to select all the prices is by using the drop down arrow for the cell name box on the formula toolbar and selecting the name “Prices(Sheet1).” | ||
- | Format > Conditional Formatting > Condition will bring up the Conditional Formatting dialog. Select “Cell value is” from the left drop-down list. From the drop-down list in the center, select “less than.” Enter $E$7 in the text box to the right. If you want to use the median or mode for the comparison, you can use $E$8 or $E$9. We are using an absolute reference here because we want to reference the same cell regardless of what row we are formatting. | + | Format > Conditional Formatting > Condition will bring up the Conditional Formatting dialog. Select “Cell value is” from the left drop-down list. From the drop-down list in the center, select “less than.” Enter $E$7 in the text box to the right. If you want to use the median or mode for the comparison, you can use $E$8 or $E$9. We are using an absolute reference here because we want to reference the same cell regardless of what row we are formatting.** |
- | For the Apply Style, select “New Style” from the drop-down list. The Cell Style dialog will open. On the Organizer tab, name the style “Below Average.” Switch to the Background tab and select the Red color swatch. Click OK to close the dialog and save the new style. You will see “Below Average” is now selected as the Apply Style. | + | Formatage conditionnel |
+ | |||
+ | Dans notre ensemble de données, le haut et le bas sont assez rapprochés, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Commencez par sélectionner tous les prix dans la colonne B (B2:B82). Depuis que nous avons nommé la plage B2:B82, un moyen rapide pour sélectionner tous les prix est d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Format > Formatage conditionnel > Condition fera apparaître la boîte de dialogue Formatage conditionnel. Sélectionnez « La valeur de cellule est » dans la liste déroulante de gauche. Dans la liste déroulante du centre, sélectionnez « inférieur à ». Entrez $E$7 dans la boîte de texte à droite. Si vous souhaitez utiliser la médiane ou le mode pour la comparaison, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== 8 ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **For the Apply Style, select “New Style” from the drop-down list. The Cell Style dialog will open. On the Organizer tab, name the style “Below Average.” Switch to the Background tab and select the Red color swatch. Click OK to close the dialog and save the new style. You will see “Below Average” is now selected as the Apply Style. | ||
Click Add to add a second condition. This time select “greater than” instead of “less than.” Use the same absolute reference, $E$7, $E$8, or $E$9, as you used in the less than condition. Once again select “New Style” for the Apply Style. Give the new style the name “Above Average”, and make the background green instead of red. OK to save the new style. | Click Add to add a second condition. This time select “greater than” instead of “less than.” Use the same absolute reference, $E$7, $E$8, or $E$9, as you used in the less than condition. Once again select “New Style” for the Apply Style. Give the new style the name “Above Average”, and make the background green instead of red. OK to save the new style. | ||
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OK in the Conditional Formatting dialog will save the settings. Prices that are over the average will highlight in green, and the prices below the average will highlight in red. | OK in the Conditional Formatting dialog will save the settings. Prices that are over the average will highlight in green, and the prices below the average will highlight in red. | ||
- | NOTE: You can create your style for conditional formatting before creating the condition. In such a case, you would just select the style to use. | + | NOTE: You can create your style for conditional formatting before creating the condition. In such a case, you would just select the style to use.** |
+ | |||
+ | Pour « Appliquer le style », sélectionnez « Nouveau style » dans la liste déroulante. La boîte de dialogue Style de cellule s' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cliquez sur Ajouter pour ajouter une deuxième condition. Cette fois-ci, sélectionnez « supérieur à » au lieu de « inférieur à ». Utilisez la même référence absolue, $E$7, $E$8 ou $E$9, que vous avez utilisée dans la condition « inférieur à ». À nouveau sélectionnez « Nouveau style » pour Appliquer le style. Donnez au nouveau style le nom « au-dessus de la moyenne », et rendez le fond vert au lieu de rouge. OK pour enregistrer le nouveau style. | ||
+ | |||
+ | OK dans la boîte de dialogue Formatage conditionnel enregistrera les paramètres. Les prix qui sont supérieurs à la moyenne seront mis en évidence en vert, et les prix inférieurs à la moyenne apparaîtront en rouge. | ||
+ | |||
+ | REMARQUE : Vous pouvez créer votre style pour le formatage conditionnel avant de créer la condition. Dans ce cas, il vous suffit de sélectionner le style à utiliser. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== 9 ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **I hope this article has helped you to understand the use of the statistical functions demonstrated and functions in general. We saw how to use named ranges to identify cell ranges being used repeatedly. We used functions by themselves and as operands in a formula. Using conditional formatting, we highlighted certain cells to show visually the status of the cell's value. This eliminates the need to scroll back up the sheet to check the average value. Until next month, look up some functions in the help and put them to work for you. Also, play with some of the features of the conditional formatting and see what other visuals you can create. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Next time, I will show you how to validate cell values.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | J' | ||
- | I hope this article has helped you to understand the use of the statistical functions demonstrated and functions in general. We saw how to use named ranges to identify cell ranges being used repeatedly. We used functions by themselves and as operands in a formula. Using conditional formatting, we highlighted certain cells to show visually the status of the cell's value. This eliminates the need to scroll back up the sheet to check the average value. Until next month, look up some functions in the help and put them to work for you. Also, play with some of the features of the conditional formatting and see what other visuals you can create. | + | La prochaine fois, je vous montrerai comment valider les valeurs des cellules. |
- | Next time, I will show you how to validate cell values. |
issue91/libreoffice.1420210649.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2015/01/02 15:57 de andre_domenech