issue97:inkscape
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue97:inkscape [2015/06/07 14:52] – d52fr | issue97:inkscape [2015/06/10 17:23] (Version actuelle) – auntiee | ||
---|---|---|---|
Ligne 4: | Ligne 4: | ||
Inkscape is rather flexible when it comes to grids. You can have more than one active at a time, and each one can be either rectangular (based on horizontal and vertical lines), or axonometric (vertical lines, plus two sets of angled lines). Usually, however, it's easiest to work with just one grid at a time, most commonly a rectangular one. Launch Inkscape to create a new document, and, if there' | Inkscape is rather flexible when it comes to grids. You can have more than one active at a time, and each one can be either rectangular (based on horizontal and vertical lines), or axonometric (vertical lines, plus two sets of angled lines). Usually, however, it's easiest to work with just one grid at a time, most commonly a rectangular one. Launch Inkscape to create a new document, and, if there' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dans les derniers articles, j'ai détaillé le fonctionnement de la boîte de dialogue des Clones en pavage. De même qu' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cependant, il est important de se rappeler qu' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Inkscape est assez souple pour ce qui est des grilles. Vous pouvez en avoir plus d'une active à la fois, et chacune peut être rectangulaire (basée sur des lignes horizontales et verticales) ou axonométrique (des lignes verticales plus deux jeux de lignes obliques). Habituellement, | ||
**To create a new grid, select either Rectangular or Axonometric from the pop-up menu at the top, then click the New button. Each grid gets its own tab in the “Defined grids” section, with slightly different icons for the two grid types – but the icons are always blue, regardless of the color of your grid lines. They' | **To create a new grid, select either Rectangular or Axonometric from the pop-up menu at the top, then click the New button. Each grid gets its own tab in the “Defined grids” section, with slightly different icons for the two grid types – but the icons are always blue, regardless of the color of your grid lines. They' | ||
Ligne 10: | Ligne 16: | ||
The first checkbox, “Enabled”, | The first checkbox, “Enabled”, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pour créer une nouvelle grille, sélectionnez Grille rectangulaire ou Grille axonométrique (3D) dans la liste déroulante en haut, puis cliquez sur le bouton Nouvelle. Chaque grille possède son propre onglet dans la section « Grilles définies », avec des icônes légèrement différentes suivant le type de grille - mais les icônes sont toujours bleues, quelle que soit la couleur des lignes de votre grille. Elles sont nommées automatiquement, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Chaque grille a trois cases à cocher pour contrôler l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | La première case à cocher, « Activé », simplement active ou désactive toute la grille. Désactivée, | ||
**The second checkbox, “Visible”, | **The second checkbox, “Visible”, | ||
The third checkbox, “Snap to visible grid lines only”, is slightly misleading with its labelling – though the tooltip is clearer. This checkbox concerns grid lines that are automatically suppressed as you zoom out. If you were to zoom out far enough, the grid lines would become so dense that they just appear as a solid colored background. Inkscape avoids this by hiding grid lines that would be drawn too densely, and would have been a hindrance rather than a help. With this option unchecked, you can still snap to these suppressed lines, but I recommend leaving it enabled so that you snap to only visible grid lines. This may require you to zoom in a little to get the precise snapping point you're looking for, but it's usually a good trade-off against the frustration of constantly mis-snapping to invisible grid lines.** | The third checkbox, “Snap to visible grid lines only”, is slightly misleading with its labelling – though the tooltip is clearer. This checkbox concerns grid lines that are automatically suppressed as you zoom out. If you were to zoom out far enough, the grid lines would become so dense that they just appear as a solid colored background. Inkscape avoids this by hiding grid lines that would be drawn too densely, and would have been a hindrance rather than a help. With this option unchecked, you can still snap to these suppressed lines, but I recommend leaving it enabled so that you snap to only visible grid lines. This may require you to zoom in a little to get the precise snapping point you're looking for, but it's usually a good trade-off against the frustration of constantly mis-snapping to invisible grid lines.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | La deuxième case à cocher, « Visible », a simplement un effet visuel. Décochée, la grille n'est pas affichée, mais peut continuer à aimanter si la grille est activée dans la première case. Comme il peut être difficile et frustrant d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | La troisième case à cocher, « Aimanter seulement aux lignes visibles de la grille », est un peu confuse dans son libellé, alors que l' | ||
**The remaining options in the dialog are used to define the displayed lines, and are fairly self-descriptive. You can position the origin of the grid – 0,0 is good for most drawings – and define the spacing between grid lines in both the x and y directions. As most people usually need a square grid it would be good to have an option to link these values, but it's no great hardship to simply enter the same value into each field. You can set the color, and opacity for the grid lines – it's usually best to keep the opacity low so that they are less dominant on the screen, and less likely to be mistaken for real lines in your drawing. By setting different colors or opacities for major and minor grid lines, you can create a “graph paper” effect. This becomes visible only when you're zoomed in closely enough, and, if you do decide to use this feature, it's best to make the major lines more opaque than the minor ones. Set the “Major grid line every” field to 0 if you want to disable this feature. Finally, the “Show dots instead of lines” checkbox does exactly what it describes, and results in a more lightweight view of the grid. Setting this option, or changing the line colors, can make it easier to work with multiple grids that are all active at the same time, should you need to. | **The remaining options in the dialog are used to define the displayed lines, and are fairly self-descriptive. You can position the origin of the grid – 0,0 is good for most drawings – and define the spacing between grid lines in both the x and y directions. As most people usually need a square grid it would be good to have an option to link these values, but it's no great hardship to simply enter the same value into each field. You can set the color, and opacity for the grid lines – it's usually best to keep the opacity low so that they are less dominant on the screen, and less likely to be mistaken for real lines in your drawing. By setting different colors or opacities for major and minor grid lines, you can create a “graph paper” effect. This becomes visible only when you're zoomed in closely enough, and, if you do decide to use this feature, it's best to make the major lines more opaque than the minor ones. Set the “Major grid line every” field to 0 if you want to disable this feature. Finally, the “Show dots instead of lines” checkbox does exactly what it describes, and results in a more lightweight view of the grid. Setting this option, or changing the line colors, can make it easier to work with multiple grids that are all active at the same time, should you need to. | ||
The options for creating an axonometric grid are broadly similar to those for creating a rectangular one. There' | The options for creating an axonometric grid are broadly similar to those for creating a rectangular one. There' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Les options restantes de la boîte de dialogue sont utilisées pour définir les lignes affichées et sont assez faciles à comprendre. Vous pouvez positionner l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Les options pour créer une grille axonométrique sont largement similaires à celles d'une grille rectangulaire. Il n'y a qu'une entrée pour l' | ||
**Also missing is the ability to create logarithmic or polar grids. Both are possible via extensions – though these create “real” SVG objects, rather than Inkscape grids, so they can't be toggled with the “#” key, and have to be snapped to via object snapping, not grid snapping. If you do have need of these grid types, however, you can find them under Extensions > Render. In 0.48, you're looking for the Cartesian Grid and Polar Grid entries, whereas in 0.91 they' | **Also missing is the ability to create logarithmic or polar grids. Both are possible via extensions – though these create “real” SVG objects, rather than Inkscape grids, so they can't be toggled with the “#” key, and have to be snapped to via object snapping, not grid snapping. If you do have need of these grid types, however, you can find them under Extensions > Render. In 0.48, you're looking for the Cartesian Grid and Polar Grid entries, whereas in 0.91 they' | ||
Ligne 24: | Ligne 44: | ||
With snapping enabled, you also need to have either button 2 or 3 (or both) enabled. These dictate what parts of your drawing can be snapped: button 2 enables the snapping of bounding box corners, and kicks in when you resize or move an object using the Select tool; button 3 enables the snapping of nodes and handles, so has an effect when you initially draw an object, or subsequently edit it using the appropriate object-specific tool. Enabling either button makes a few others available that you can use to enable more specific snappings – such as snapping the center point of a bounding box, rather than just its corners – but most of the time I find that one of the main two buttons is good enough.** | With snapping enabled, you also need to have either button 2 or 3 (or both) enabled. These dictate what parts of your drawing can be snapped: button 2 enables the snapping of bounding box corners, and kicks in when you resize or move an object using the Select tool; button 3 enables the snapping of nodes and handles, so has an effect when you initially draw an object, or subsequently edit it using the appropriate object-specific tool. Enabling either button makes a few others available that you can use to enable more specific snappings – such as snapping the center point of a bounding box, rather than just its corners – but most of the time I find that one of the main two buttons is good enough.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Il manque aussi la possibilité de créer des grilles logarithmique (cartésienne) ou polaire. Les deux sont possibles grâce à des extensions, bien que celles-ci créent de vrais objets SVG plutôt que des grilles Inkscape. Par conséquent, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Revenons aux grilles rectangulaires et axonométriques d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | L' | ||
**As well as defining which parts of an object should snap, we also have to tell Inkscape what we want them to snap to. Button 4 enables snapping to the grid. The button after it enables snapping to guidelines (covered in Part 16 of this series) – I usually leave this enabled as it has no effect unless you specifically add some guidelines, in which case you probably want it switched on anyway. The other button in this section enables snapping to the page border, which I find to be less useful for my own projects. | **As well as defining which parts of an object should snap, we also have to tell Inkscape what we want them to snap to. Button 4 enables snapping to the grid. The button after it enables snapping to guidelines (covered in Part 16 of this series) – I usually leave this enabled as it has no effect unless you specifically add some guidelines, in which case you probably want it switched on anyway. The other button in this section enables snapping to the page border, which I find to be less useful for my own projects. | ||
Ligne 30: | Ligne 56: | ||
Within this panel, you can set how voracious Inkscape is in its efforts to snap. For each section, the “Always snap” option means exactly that: snap to the nearest snapping point, regardless of how far away it might be. This is useful if you absolutely have to draw to the grid to ensure dimensional accuracy. More generally, however, “Snap only when closer than” offers a good trade-off between accuracy and freedom. With this mode enabled, you can freely place your objects, nodes and handles, unless they get close to a snapping point, in which case they will jump to that location. Exactly how close is set by the “Snap distance” slider. The values are measured in screen pixels, so zooming has an effect on the effective “hit area” in which snapping occurs: zoom in to give yourself more freedom, or zoom out to make snapping more likely.** | Within this panel, you can set how voracious Inkscape is in its efforts to snap. For each section, the “Always snap” option means exactly that: snap to the nearest snapping point, regardless of how far away it might be. This is useful if you absolutely have to draw to the grid to ensure dimensional accuracy. More generally, however, “Snap only when closer than” offers a good trade-off between accuracy and freedom. With this mode enabled, you can freely place your objects, nodes and handles, unless they get close to a snapping point, in which case they will jump to that location. Exactly how close is set by the “Snap distance” slider. The values are measured in screen pixels, so zooming has an effect on the effective “hit area” in which snapping occurs: zoom in to give yourself more freedom, or zoom out to make snapping more likely.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ayant défini quelles parties d'un objet peuvent aimanter, nous devons aussi dire à Inkscape à quoi nous voulons qu'ils s' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Il y a un dernier réglage à regarder (voir à gauche) à propos d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dans ce panneau, vous pouvez ajuster la puissance d' | ||
**Within File > Inkscape Preferences (Edit > Preferences in 0.91), there are “Grids” and “Snapping” panels that offer a few other options. The defaults are usually fine for most users, but if you find yourself heavily using grids or snapping, it might be worth taking a look to see if any of these settings can improve your workflow. | **Within File > Inkscape Preferences (Edit > Preferences in 0.91), there are “Grids” and “Snapping” panels that offer a few other options. The defaults are usually fine for most users, but if you find yourself heavily using grids or snapping, it might be worth taking a look to see if any of these settings can improve your workflow. | ||
With a grid visible and snapping enabled, you should find it quite easy to create shapes that stick to the grid intersections. When you need to place nodes off the grid, you can either press the “%” to disable snapping (whilst leaving the grid visible), or more easily (on a US or UK keyboard, at least) you can press “#” to turn the grid off entirely, removing it as a snap target. Often, however, there' | With a grid visible and snapping enabled, you should find it quite easy to create shapes that stick to the grid intersections. When you need to place nodes off the grid, you can either press the “%” to disable snapping (whilst leaving the grid visible), or more easily (on a US or UK keyboard, at least) you can press “#” to turn the grid off entirely, removing it as a snap target. Often, however, there' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dans Fichier > Préférences d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Avec une grille visible et l' |
issue97/inkscape.1433681534.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2015/06/07 14:52 de d52fr