specialgimp:utilisation_de_gimp_-_p._2
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Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
specialgimp:utilisation_de_gimp_-_p._2 [2015/10/12 15:08] – andre_domenech | specialgimp:utilisation_de_gimp_-_p._2 [2015/10/29 14:11] (Version actuelle) – d52fr | ||
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- | Using Gimp - Partie 2 | + | Using Gimp – Partie 2 |
- | Color correction (or adjustment in some cases) is probably more associated with photography than anything else -- so, let's take a photograph, and correct any color problems it may have. | + | **Color correction (or adjustment in some cases) is probably more associated with photography than anything else – so, let's take a photograph, and correct any color problems it may have. |
Above is the original photo. First, we will use GIMP to automatically correct the image; then we will change it manually. To open an image file, we go to File > Open, and choose the image we want to manipulate. So, now that we have our photo open in GIMP, we go to the menu and choose Colors > Levels. | Above is the original photo. First, we will use GIMP to automatically correct the image; then we will change it manually. To open an image file, we go to File > Open, and choose the image we want to manipulate. So, now that we have our photo open in GIMP, we go to the menu and choose Colors > Levels. | ||
- | This window (right) allows us to do many complicated things, but now we'll just click the ' | + | This window (right) allows us to do many complicated things, but now we'll just click the ' |
- | Satisfactory corrections are not always so easily achieved. If an item in the photo is too bright, for example, GIMP may think it should be white. So, GIMP makes it white, adjusts the rest of the photo accordingly, | + | |
- | Before you make manual corrections, | + | Utiliser Gimp – Partie 2 |
- | These three ' | + | |
+ | La correction et l' | ||
+ | Ci-dessus, vous pouvez voir la photo d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cette fenêtre (à droite) nous permet de faire beaucoup de choses compliquées, | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Satisfactory corrections are not always so easily achieved. If an item in the photo is too bright, for example, GIMP may think it should be white. So, GIMP makes it white, adjusts the rest of the photo accordingly, | ||
+ | Before you make manual corrections, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Une correction satisfaisante n'est pas toujours aussi facile à obtenir. Si une partie de la photo est trop lumineuse, par exemple, Gimp considérera parfois qu' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Avant cela, vous devez comprendre comment les images sont colorées. En peinture, les trois couleurs primaires sont le rouge, le bleu et le jaune : à partir de celles-ci, toutes les autres couleurs peuvent être recréées. Les images numériques sont essentiellement composées de lumière et leurs trois couleurs primaires correspondent aux longueurs d'onde du rouge, du vert et du bleu. On parle communément de RVB. Vous ne me croyez pas ? Affichez la palette des canaux et vous y verrez trois éléments : | ||
+ | |||
+ | **These three ' | ||
Click (or display) the Dialogs > Colors tab, then click the Triangle button: | Click (or display) the Dialogs > Colors tab, then click the Triangle button: | ||
- | Above is the digital equivalent of the artist' | + | Above is the digital equivalent of the artist' |
- | Let's look through some of the color options in GIMP to see how they can affect our image. Go to the Colors menu, and choose Color Balance (below). | + | |
+ | Ces trois canaux déterminent les couleurs de votre image. Essayez de cliquer sur la petite icône en forme d’œil en face de chaque canal et regardez à quoi ressemble votre photo privée d'une ou de plusieurs de ses couleurs de base. Ainsi, en réalité, une photo mal colorée sera une combinaison comportant trop (ou pas assez) de rouge, de vert, ou de bleu. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Affichez la palette des couleurs (Fenêtres > Fenêtres ancrables > Couleurs) et cliquez sur l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ci-dessus, vous voyez l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Let's look through some of the color options in GIMP to see how they can affect our image. Go to the Colors menu, and choose Color Balance (below). | ||
This window will let you fine-tune the colors in your photo. It can alter the colors in each of the three main levels: shadow, midtone and highlight. Select Shadows, Midtones or Highlights, and move the sliders to see how it affects your photo. | This window will let you fine-tune the colors in your photo. It can alter the colors in each of the three main levels: shadow, midtone and highlight. Select Shadows, Midtones or Highlights, and move the sliders to see how it affects your photo. | ||
- | If you don't see the photo colors change, check to make sure the box beside ' | + | If you don't see the photo colors change, check to make sure the box beside ' |
- | Colors > Colorize will allow you to tint the entire photo with a particular color. This is most often used to give a photo a 'sepia tint' -- which makes the image look old and degraded. Rather than give you a red, green and blue slider, this window gives you a ' | + | |
- | Colors > Brightness – Contrast will let you simply brighten or darken the image. This can come in handy for simple effects. If I brighten the image quite a bit, and slide the contrast up, I can make the dull original image look like it was taken on a scorching sunny day (which it definitely wasn' | + | Examinons quelques-unes des options de couleurs de Gimp et voyons comment elles affectent notre image. Allez dans Couleurs > Balance des couleurs (ci-dessous). |
- | We've already looked at Levels, but let's look into it a bit more. Click Colors > Levels, and you'll see that familiar window -- yes, it's the one with the magic ' | + | |
- | Colors > Curves is similar to the Levels window (which we just looked at), but uses curves, plotted on a graph, to give more control over your colors. Again, at the top of the window is the dropdown menu, which lets you alter the image as a whole, or just alter one of the color channels. To edit the curves, you click on the curve (to create a point), then move the point up, down, left, or right, to alter the colors. The most basic color correction in the curves window is the ' | + | Cette fenêtre vous permettra d' |
- | Color > Desaturate will remove all color from your photo, leaving you with a black and white image. You have three options before it removes the color, each giving you slightly different results, so it's best to try each to see which you prefer. As ever, try an option; if you don't like it, use Edit > Undo to revert back to the original. | + | |
+ | Si vous ne voyez pas de changement, assurez-vous que la case Aperçu est cochée. Si vous ne voulez pas appliquer ces changements, | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Colors > Colorize will allow you to tint the entire photo with a particular color. This is most often used to give a photo a 'sepia tint' -- which makes the image look old and degraded. Rather than give you a red, green and blue slider, this window gives you a ' | ||
+ | Colors > Brightness – Contrast will let you simply brighten or darken the image. This can come in handy for simple effects. If I brighten the image quite a bit, and slide the contrast up, I can make the dull original image look like it was taken on a scorching sunny day (which it definitely wasn' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Couleurs > Colorier vous permet d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Couleurs > Luminosité-contraste vous permettra d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **We've already looked at Levels, but let's look into it a bit more. Click Colors > Levels, and you'll see that familiar window -- yes, it's the one with the magic ' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Nous avons déjà vu les niveaux, mais regardons-y en plus de détail. Faites Couleurs > Niveaux et vous ferez apparaître cette fenêtre désormais familière (oui, c'est celle avec le bouton magique « Auto » !). Mais cette fois-ci, nous nous concentrerons sur les curseurs situés juste sous le graphique. Ces curseurs, noir, gris et blanc, peuvent se déplacer de gauche à droite et ils représentent respectivement les tons sombres, les demi-teintes et le blanc intense. Ils vous permettent de corriger les couleurs de l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Colors > Curves is similar to the Levels window (which we just looked at), but uses curves, plotted on a graph, to give more control over your colors. Again, at the top of the window is the dropdown menu, which lets you alter the image as a whole, or just alter one of the color channels. To edit the curves, you click on the curve (to create a point), then move the point up, down, left, or right, to alter the colors. The most basic color correction in the curves window is the ' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Couleurs > Courbes est similaire au dialogue des niveaux que nous venons de voir, si ce n'est qu'il utilise des courbes tracées sur une grille pour vous donner d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Color > Desaturate will remove all color from your photo, leaving you with a black and white image. You have three options before it removes the color, each giving you slightly different results, so it's best to try each to see which you prefer. As ever, try an option; if you don't like it, use Edit > Undo to revert back to the original. | ||
Color > Invert will give you the negative of the photo, just like you'd get with traditional camera film. Clicking Color > Invert again will return the image to normal. | Color > Invert will give you the negative of the photo, just like you'd get with traditional camera film. Clicking Color > Invert again will return the image to normal. | ||
There are many other items in the Color menu, but the ones I have mentioned are the most important ones, and probably the most used. | There are many other items in the Color menu, but the ones I have mentioned are the most important ones, and probably the most used. | ||
- | Next month, we will use the zoom and selection tools to expand your manipulation skills. | + | Next month, we will use the zoom and selection tools to expand your manipulation skills.** |
+ | |||
+ | Couleur > Désaturer... enlèvera toutes les couleurs de votre photo et vous donnera une image en noir et blanc. Vous disposez de trois options avant la suppression des couleurs, chacune produisant un rendu légèrement différent. Il vaut donc mieux les essayer toutes les trois pour choisir celle que vous préférez. | ||
+ | Comme toujours, essayez une option : si vous ne l' | ||
+ | Couleurs > Inverser produira un négatif de votre photo, exactement comme celui que vous obtiendriez avec un appareil photo à pellicule. Cliquer une seconde fois sur Couleurs > Inverser vous ramènera à votre image originale. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Il y a de nombreux autres éléments dans le menu Couleurs, mais ceux que je vous ai présentés sont les plus importants et probablement les plus utilisés. | ||
+ | Le mois prochain nous verrons comment nous servir du zoom et des sélections pour améliorer nos talents de retoucheurs d' |
specialgimp/utilisation_de_gimp_-_p._2.1444655316.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2015/10/12 15:08 de andre_domenech