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Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.

--- issue101:boucle_locale_linux [2015/09/29 00:10] – créée d52fr
+++ issue101:boucle_locale_linux [2015/10/03 15:21] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech
@@ Ligne 1: / Ligne 1: @@
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parent="Article Title" /><p ><style parent="Article Title" /><span ><charstyle />LINUX LOOPBACK</span></p></text-content></item><item bottom-distance="0" cms-intent="1" cms-profile="" corner-radius="0" do-overprint="no" fill-blendmode="0" fill-color="None" fill-evenodd="yes" fill-gradient-type="0" fill-shade="100" fill-transparency="0" first-line-offset="0" frame-contour="M0 0 C0 0 259.55 0 259.55 0 C259.55 0 259.55 22.22 259.55 22.22 C259.55 22.22 0 22.22 0 22.22 C0 22.22 0 0 0 0 " frame-has-default-shape="yes" frame-shape="M0 0 C0 0 259.55 0 259.55 0 C259.55 0 259.55 22.22 259.55 22.22 C259.55 22.22 0 22.22 0 22.22 C0 22.22 0 0 0 0 " frame-type="0" height="22.22" id="obj828" image-embedded-profile="" image-flipped-hor="no" image-flipped-vert="no" image-scale-framesize="no" image-scale-proportional="yes" image-shown="yes" image-use-embedded="yes" image-x-position="0" image-x-scale="1" image-y-position="0" image-y-scale="1" is-annotation="no" is-bookmark="no" isTableItem="no" 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UnderlineOffset="-1" UnderlineWidth="-1" /></defaultstyle><p ><style parent="Author Credit" /><span ><charstyle BaselineOffset="0" Features="inherit " FillColor="pale" FillShade="100" Font="Ubuntu Bold" FontSize="100" OutlineWidth="10" ScaleH="1000" ScaleV="1000" ShadowXOffset="50" ShadowYOffset="-50" StrikethruOffset="-1" StrikethruWidth="-1" StrokeColor="Black" StrokeShade="100" Tracking="0" UnderlineOffset="-1" UnderlineWidth="-1" />Written by S. J. Webb</span></p></text-content></item><item bottom-distance="0" cms-intent="0" cms-profile="" corner-radius="0" do-overprint="no" fill-blendmode="0" fill-color="None" fill-evenodd="yes" fill-gradient-type="0" fill-shade="100" fill-transparency="0" first-line-offset="0" frame-contour="M0 0 C0 0 85.0394 0 85.0394 0 C85.0394 0 85.0394 84.6466 85.0394 84.6466 C85.0394 84.6466 0 84.6466 0 84.6466 C0 84.6466 0 0 0 0 " frame-has-default-shape="yes" frame-shape="M0 0 C0 0 85.0394 0 85.0394 0 C85.0394 0 85.0394 84.6466 85.0394 84.6466 C85.0394 84.6466 0 84.6466 0 84.6466 C0 84.6466 0 0 0 0 " frame-type="0" height="84.64657853" id="obj829" image-embedded-profile="" image-file="Documents/Ubuntu/Magazine/FCM FR mag/issue101/images/Section Icons/search.png" image-flipped-hor="no" image-flipped-vert="no" image-scale-framesize="yes" image-scale-proportional="yes" image-shown="yes" image-use-embedded="no" image-x-position="0" image-x-scale="0.6613013948" image-y-position="0" image-y-scale="0.6613013948" is-annotation="no" is-bookmark="no" isTableItem="no" itemtype="2" layer="79" left-distance="0" level="735" line-blendmode="0" line-cap="0" line-color="None" line-customstyle="" line-end-arrow="0" line-join="0" line-shade="100" line-start-arrow="0" line-style="2" line-transparency="0" line-width="1" locked="no" ownpage="50" pagenumber="0" pathtext-baseoffset="0" pathtext-flipped="no" pathtext-showpath="no" pathtext-type="0" printable="yes" right-distance="0" rotation="0" size-locked="no" text-autoframes="no" text-columngap="0" text-columns="1" text-flow-mode="0" text-reversed="no" top-distance="0" width="85.03937008" xorigin="14.2864" yorigin="8.731149137e-11" /><item bottom-distance="0" cms-intent="1" cms-profile="" corner-radius="0" do-overprint="no" fill-blendmode="0" fill-color="None" fill-evenodd="yes" fill-gradient-type="0" fill-shade="100" fill-transparency="0" first-line-offset="0" frame-contour="M0 0 C0 0 814.374 0 814.374 0 C814.374 0 814.374 483.727 814.374 483.727 C814.374 483.727 0 483.727 0 483.727 C0 483.727 0 0 0 0 " frame-has-default-shape="yes" frame-shape="M0 0 C0 0 814.374 0 814.374 0 C814.374 0 814.374 483.727 814.374 483.727 C814.374 483.727 0 483.727 0 483.727 C0 483.727 0 0 0 0 " frame-type="0" height="483.727" id="obj830" image-embedded-profile="" image-flipped-hor="no" image-flipped-vert="no" image-scale-framesize="no" image-scale-proportional="yes" image-shown="yes" image-use-embedded="yes" image-x-position="0" image-x-scale="1" image-y-position="0" image-y-scale="1" is-annotation="no" is-bookmark="no" isTableItem="no" itemtype="4" layer="79" left-distance="0" level="736" line-blendmode="0" line-cap="0" line-color="None" line-customstyle="" line-end-arrow="0" line-join="0" line-shade="100" line-start-arrow="0" line-style="2" line-transparency="0" line-width="0" locked="no" nextframe="obj834" ownpage="50" pagenumber="0" pathtext-baseoffset="0" pathtext-flipped="no" pathtext-showpath="no" pathtext-type="0" printable="yes" right-distance="0" rotation="0" size-locked="no" text-autoframes="no" text-columngap="11.3386" text-columns="4" text-flow-mode="0" text-reversed="no" top-distance="0" width="814.3737832" xorigin="14.286" yorigin="82.3065" ><text-content ><defaultstyle parent="Basic Text + indent" /><p ><style parent="Basic Text - 1st Paragraph" /><span ><charstyle />The 1980’s saw an onslaught of malicious viruses as a response to increased home computers. As a teen, Richard Skrenta wrote the Elk Cloner that targeted Apple computers in 1981. It was the first wide-scale virus transmitted by disk that worked from the boot sector. Infected Apple computers would then transmit this virus on to a clean disk. Elk Cloner wipes the screen and would display a simple poem. </span></p><p ><style /><span /></p><p ><style /><span >In 1983 Frederick Cohen (left) began using the term virus to describe programs like Rabbit and Creeper. These programs worked very much like a real life virus. In 1986, the first IBM PC virus was Brain Boot that originated out of Pakistan. In 1987 six more viruses populated: Cascade, Jerusalem, SCA, Vienna, Lehigh, and Christmas Tree. These viruses were boot sector viruses aimed at crippling the executable files on the hard drive. </span></p><p ><style /><span /></p><p ><style /><span >In the 1990’s the viruses became more complicated, moving from the boot sector. The first polymorphic virus named 1260 is created by Mark Washburn. This virus used encryption code and the Vienna as a source.</span></p><p ><style /><span /></p><p ><style /><span >The media painted the Michelangelo virus as being the digital end of times in 1992. This virus was supposed to wipe out over a million hard drives. In reality, the damage from Michelangelo was over-estimated. By the end of 1990’s, over 14 various viruses arose in the digital world. The commercial development of antiviral programs started. The increased popularity of the internet helped spread viral infection rates. Over 30 plus viruses were generated from 2000 to 2005. Luckily these viruses targeted the Windows OS. However let’s review some of the Linux viruses.</span></p><p ><style /><span /></p><p ><style /><span >The first Linux virus arose in 1996, and was Stoag. It exploited holes in the kernel and infected executable binary files. Bliss rose a year later, it was written to prove that Linux is not virus-proof, and it also affected executable binary files. At the end of 1999, Vit developed as a cross platform OS infector. It also affected executable binary files.</span></p><p ><style /><span /></p><p ><style /><span >At the start of the new century, a number of harmless non-memory resident parasitic viruses developed: Winter.341, Zip Worm, Satyr, Rike, and Ramen. By the mid 2000’s, three aggressive Linux viruses were produced: Badbunny, Kaiten, and Koobface. Badbunny would infect via an openoffice document file format, and display a lewd picture. Kaiten allowed for backdoor access to a Linux platform. Koobface is spread by social networks aimed at gathering login information.</span></p><p ><style /><span /></p><p ><style /><span >Many experts agree that Linux is not impervious to viruses. However the requirement for root access on many distros diminishes the ability of viral infection on the hard drive. 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+**The 1980’s saw an onslaught of malicious viruses as a response to increased home computers. As a teen, Richard Skrenta wrote the Elk Cloner that targeted Apple computers in 1981. It was the first wide-scale virus transmitted by disk that worked from the boot sector. Infected Apple computers would then transmit this virus on to a clean disk. Elk Cloner wipes the screen and would display a simple poem.**
+Les années 80 donnèrent lieu à un assaut de codes malicieux, en réaction au succès accru des ordinateurs domestiques. En 1981, alors adolescent, Richard Skrenta écrivit Elk Cloner qui visait les ordinateurs Apple. C'était le premier virus à large diffusion transmis par disquette et qui s'exécutait depuis le secteur d'amorçage. Les ordinateurs infectés contaminaient ensuite les disquettes saines. Elk Cloner effaçait l'écran puis y affichait un petit poème.
+**In 1983 Frederick Cohen (left) began using the term virus to describe programs like Rabbit and Creeper. These programs worked very much like a real life virus. In 1986, the first IBM PC virus was Brain Boot that originated out of Pakistan. In 1987 six more viruses populated: Cascade, Jerusalem, SCA, Vienna, Lehigh, and Christmas Tree. These viruses were boot sector viruses aimed at crippling the executable files on the hard drive.**
+En 1983, Frederick Cohen (à gauche) commença à utiliser le terme « virus » pour qualifier des programmes tels que Rabbit ou Creeper. Ces programmes fonctionnaient de manière très similaire à un virus réel. En 1986, le premier virus pour IBM PC était Brain Boot, qui provenait du Pakistan. En 1987, six nouveaux virus apparurent : Cascade, Jerusalem, SCA, Vienna, Lehigh et Christmas Tree. Ils s'exécutaient depuis le secteur d'amorçage et avaient pour effet de paralyser les fichiers exécutables sur le disque dur.
+**In the 1990’s the viruses became more complicated, moving from the boot sector. The first polymorphic virus named 1260 is created by Mark Washburn. This virus used encryption code and the Vienna as a source.**
+Dans les années 90, les virus devinrent plus sophistiqués, délaissant le secteur d'amorçage. Le premier virus polymorphe, créé par Mark Washburn, se nommait 1260. Ce virus était basé sur Vienna et un algorithme de chiffrement.
+**The media painted the Michelangelo virus as being the digital end of times in 1992. This virus was supposed to wipe out over a million hard drives. In reality, the damage from Michelangelo was over-estimated. By the end of 1990’s, over 14 various viruses arose in the digital world. The commercial development of antiviral programs started. The increased popularity of the internet helped spread viral infection rates. Over 30 plus viruses were generated from 2000 to 2005. Luckily these viruses targeted the Windows OS. However let’s review some of the Linux viruses.**
+En 1992, le virus Michelangelo fut dépeint par les médias comme une apocalypse numérique. Il était supposé se propager sur, et détruire, plus d'un million de disques durs. En réalité, les dommages causés par Michelangelo avaient été largement surestimés. À la fin des années 90, plus de 14 virus surgirent dans le monde numérique. Le développement commercial des logiciels antivirus commença. La popularité croissante d'Internet contribua à augmenter la vitesse de propagation des virus. Bien plus d'une trentaine de virus firent leur apparition de 2000 à 2005. Heureusement, ils ciblaient tous le système d'exploitation Windows. Tournons-nous toutefois vers quelques virus affectant Linux.
+**The first Linux virus arose in 1996, and was Stoag. It exploited holes in the kernel and infected executable binary files. Bliss rose a year later, it was written to prove that Linux is not virus-proof, and it also affected executable binary files. At the end of 1999, Vit developed as a cross platform OS infector. It also affected executable binary files.**
+Le premier virus pour Linux apparut en 1996 et s'appelait Stoag. Il exploitait une faille du noyau et infectait des binaires exécutables. Bliss entra en scène un an plus tard ; il avait été écrit pour montrer que Linux n'était pas à l'abri des virus et il affectait également les exécutables. À la fin des années 90 Vit développa un virus multi-plateformes qui s'attaquait lui aussi aux binaires exécutables.
+**At the start of the new century, a number of harmless non-memory resident parasitic viruses developed: Winter.341, Zip Worm, Satyr, Rike, and Ramen. By the mid 2000’s, three aggressive Linux viruses were produced: Badbunny, Kaiten, and Koobface. Badbunny would infect via an openoffice document file format, and display a lewd picture. Kaiten allowed for backdoor access to a Linux platform. Koobface is spread by social networks aimed at gathering login information.**
+À l'aube du siècle nouveau, bon nombre de virus inoffensifs, des parasites ne résidant pas en mémoire, entrèrent en scène : Winter.341, Zip Worm, Satyr, Rike et Ramen. Au milieu des années 2000, trois virus agressifs s'attaquaient à Linux : Badbunny, Kaiten et Koonface. Badbunny s'infiltrait via un fichier OpenOffice et provoquait l'affichage d'une image coquine. Kaiten ouvrait une porte dérobée permettant l'accès à un système Linux et Koobface, en se diffusant via les réseau sociaux, cherchait à collecter des informations de connexion (nom d'utilisateur et mot de passe).
+**Many experts agree that Linux is not impervious to viruses. However the requirement for root access on many distros diminishes the ability of viral infection on the hard drive. The biggest threat to Linux users is social engineering.**
+Beaucoup d'experts admettent que Linux n'est pas insensible aux virus. Toutefois, sur beaucoup de distributions, les conditions nécessaires à un accès root restreignent la possibilité d'une infection virale du disque dur. La plus grande menace pour les utilisateurs de Linux demeure l'ingénierie sociale.