issue182:ubuntu_au_quotidien
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Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue182:ubuntu_au_quotidien [2022/06/27 09:26] – créée auntiee | issue182:ubuntu_au_quotidien [2022/06/29 16:30] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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- | I recently was able to pick up seven 2009 vintage Apple iBooks from eBay for about $75. It looks like four of them will need repairs or at least an OS install, one appears to have the screen backlight out, so it will only provide a dull, barely functional display, and two of them needed nothing but an OS installation. I decided to dedicate those two as Linux machines (these are the first model of Mac notebooks built with Intel processors), | ||
- | Ubuntu Software Center | + | // |
+ | |||
+ | **I recently was able to pick up seven 2009 vintage Apple iBooks from eBay for about $75. It looks like four of them will need repairs or at least an OS install, one appears to have the screen backlight out, so it will only provide a dull, barely functional display, and two of them needed nothing but an OS installation. I decided to dedicate those two as Linux machines (these are the first model of Mac notebooks built with Intel processors), | ||
+ | |||
+ | Récemment, j’ai pu obtenir sept Apple iBooks de 2009 sur eBay pour environ 75 $. J’ai l’impression que quatre auront besoin d’être réparés ou, au moins, d'une installation d’OS ; sur l’un, le rétroéclairage de l’écran ne fonctionne pas et son affichage n’est que terne et à peine fonctionnel et deux n’ont besoin de rien d’autre qu’un système d’exploitation. J’ai décidé de dédier ces deux-là à Linux (les deux sont le premier modèle d’un portable Mac construit avec un processeur Intel) ; ainsi, je parlerai bientôt de mon « projet UbuntuBook ». Cependant, pour le moment, examinons particulièrement le Centre de logiciels Ubuntu, car je l’ai utilisé beaucoup récemment pour installer des applications sur ces deux machines et j’ai des opinions fraîches à l’esprit. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Ubuntu Software Center | ||
The idea of the Ubuntu Software Center is definitely consistent with current trends towards having software installed from a ‘software store’. The application will show up by default on the Control Strip (the list of icons on the left side of the screen), as this icon: | The idea of the Ubuntu Software Center is definitely consistent with current trends towards having software installed from a ‘software store’. The application will show up by default on the Control Strip (the list of icons on the left side of the screen), as this icon: | ||
- | Click it, and you’ll see the main initial interface for the Ubuntu Software Center: | + | Click it, and you’ll see the main initial interface for the Ubuntu Software Center:** |
+ | |||
+ | Le Centre de logiciels Ubuntu | ||
+ | |||
+ | L’idée d’un Centre de logiciels Ubuntu est sans conteste cohérent avec les tendances actuelles de faire installer des logiciels à partir d’un « magasin de logiciels ». L’application s’affichera par défaut sur la Bande de contrôle (la liste d’icônes sur le côté gauche de l’écran), | ||
+ | |||
+ | Cliquez dessus et vous verrez l’interface principale initiale du Centre de logiciels Ubuntu : | ||
- | At the top, you see highlighted applications that change periodically. Here it’s highlighting ‘Slack’. There are arrows at either end of that panel that will let you navigate back and forth to see a few currently highlighted programs (or, if you wait long enough, they’ll change on their own). | + | **At the top, you see highlighted applications that change periodically. Here it’s highlighting ‘Slack’. There are arrows at either end of that panel that will let you navigate back and forth to see a few currently highlighted programs (or, if you wait long enough, they’ll change on their own). |
Just below that, you’ll see the current Editor’s Picks. These will also change on occasion, but do not exist on a ‘scrolling ribbon’ like the highlighted apps at the top. | Just below that, you’ll see the current Editor’s Picks. These will also change on occasion, but do not exist on a ‘scrolling ribbon’ like the highlighted apps at the top. | ||
- | Below that, you’ll see standardized categories of different applications, | + | Below that, you’ll see standardized categories of different applications, |
- | The Good | + | En haut, vous voyez des applications surlignées qui changent de temps en temps. Ici, c’est « Slack » qui est mis en avant. Il y a des flèches à chaque bout de ce panneau ; elles vous permettront de naviguer en avant et en arrière pour voir quelques programmes qui sont actuellement placés sous les projecteurs (ou, si vous attendez assez longtemps, ils changeront tout seuls). |
+ | |||
+ | Juste en dessous, vous verrez les Choix actuels du rédacteur. Ceux-là changeront aussi parfois, mais ne sont pas placés sur un « ruban défilant » comme les applis surlignées du haut. | ||
+ | |||
+ | En dessous de cela, il y a les catégories standardisées de différentes applications, | ||
+ | |||
+ | **The Good | ||
I personally find the overall design of the Software Center both aesthetically pleasing and satisfactorily utilitarian. You can usually pretty easily ‘shop’ through applications of the general category you’re interested in at a given point. Once you click the desired category, you’ll find a screen with a number of applications on it. Longtime readers (both of you!) will hardly be surprised that I’m going to pick Games to illustrate: | I personally find the overall design of the Software Center both aesthetically pleasing and satisfactorily utilitarian. You can usually pretty easily ‘shop’ through applications of the general category you’re interested in at a given point. Once you click the desired category, you’ll find a screen with a number of applications on it. Longtime readers (both of you!) will hardly be surprised that I’m going to pick Games to illustrate: | ||
The green circles with check marks denote programs that have already been installed. Even if you install using the apt-get command-line (more on that later), the Software Center will usually pick that up and show it as being installed. | The green circles with check marks denote programs that have already been installed. Even if you install using the apt-get command-line (more on that later), the Software Center will usually pick that up and show it as being installed. | ||
- | Once you click on an application, | + | Once you click on an application, |
- | Obviously, you have the name at the very top, along with a brief description, | + | Le Bon |
+ | |||
+ | Personnellement, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Les cercles verts avec des coches signifient des programmes qui sont déjà installés. Même si vous les installez avec la ligne de commande apt-get (des détails sur cela plus tard), d’habitude, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Après que vous aurez cliqué sur une application, | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Obviously, you have the name at the very top, along with a brief description, | ||
Below the screenshots is a more detailed description of the application. As you continue to scroll down, you’ll see information on channel, version number, type of license, name of developer, source, download size, a button allowing you to write your own review, and more summarized review statistics. | Below the screenshots is a more detailed description of the application. As you continue to scroll down, you’ll see information on channel, version number, type of license, name of developer, source, download size, a button allowing you to write your own review, and more summarized review statistics. | ||
- | And, as you continue scrolling downwards, you can see individual reviews: | + | And, as you continue scrolling downwards, you can see individual reviews:** |
- | The Bad | + | Bien évidemment, |
+ | |||
+ | Sous les captures d’écran se trouve une description plus détaillée de l’application. En faisant défiler la page, vous verrez des renseignements sur le canal, le numéro de version, le type de la licence, le nom du développeur, | ||
+ | |||
+ | En faisant défiler encore plus, vous verrez des critiques spécifiques : | ||
+ | |||
+ | **The Bad | ||
The Software Center is VERY slow, to the point that it often seems locked up when it’s actually just SLOWLY churning away (although it frequently DOES lock up, too). As often as I can, I use the Software Center interface to ‘shop’, then use apt-get to do actual installations, | The Software Center is VERY slow, to the point that it often seems locked up when it’s actually just SLOWLY churning away (although it frequently DOES lock up, too). As often as I can, I use the Software Center interface to ‘shop’, then use apt-get to do actual installations, | ||
- | For those new to the concept, one of the things I’ve described often in these columns (and will continue to do so, as the concept definitely merits repetition), | + | For those new to the concept, one of the things I’ve described often in these columns (and will continue to do so, as the concept definitely merits repetition), |
- | Some things are easier to do in one, other things are easier to do in the other. Because of, I don’t know, reasons, there is no facility built into Ubuntu by default to invoke a command-line. To get to a command-line for the first time, try using the shortcut key combination: | + | La Brute (ou ce qui ne va pas) |
+ | |||
+ | Le Centre de logiciels est TRÈS lent, au point que vous pensez qu’il s’est bloqué, alors qu'en fait il tourne LENTEMENT (bien que, fréquemment, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pour ceux qui ne connaissent pas encore le concept, l’une des choses que j’ai souvent décrite dans cette rubrique (et que je décrirai encore et toujours, car ce concept mérite d’être répété), c'est l’utilisation de la CLI, ou interface en ligne de commande, car c’est une manière plus facile de faire une opération. La ligne de commande est là où vous iriez pour taper des commandes plutôt que d’utiliser la GUI, l’interface graphique utilisateur, | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Some things are easier to do in one, other things are easier to do in the other. Because of, I don’t know, reasons, there is no facility built into Ubuntu by default to invoke a command-line. To get to a command-line for the first time, try using the shortcut key combination: | ||
One of the tasks that is typically easier to perform in the command-line is software installation, | One of the tasks that is typically easier to perform in the command-line is software installation, | ||
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sudo apt-get install bibletime | sudo apt-get install bibletime | ||
- | then hit the Enter key. The terminal will ask you for the administrator password you set up when initially installing Ubuntu, will usually advise you how much information it needs to download (you do, of course, need to be online to download and install software), and will also usually prompt you to confirm you want to commence the download. After it finishes the download, it will automatically begin and complete the installation. | + | then hit the Enter key. The terminal will ask you for the administrator password you set up when initially installing Ubuntu, will usually advise you how much information it needs to download (you do, of course, need to be online to download and install software), and will also usually prompt you to confirm you want to commence the download. After it finishes the download, it will automatically begin and complete the installation. |
- | Note: The ‘sudo’ before the apt-get install command represents ‘super user do’, telling | + | Certaines choses sont plus faciles à faire dans une interface et d’autres sont plus faciles à faire dans l’autre. À cause de je ne sais quelles raisons, il n’y a pas de facilité intégrée par défaut dans Ubuntu |
- | As a quick aside, I recommend that since you’ll wind up using the command-line pretty frequently, putting Terminal (which is the command-line access tool) on your Control Strip is a good idea, so let’s do that now. Go to the application drawer (the 9 small white squares in your bottom left corner), click, then look at the bottom of the screen that opens. You’ll see ‘Frequent’. Click that. When you see the Terminal icon, simply drag it to the left onto wherever you want it to appear on the Control Strip, then drop it. It will then be there until, if and when you deliberately remove it. Other applications can, of course, be added to the Control Strip the same way. | + | L'une des tâches qui est souvent beaucoup plus facile à faire en ligne de commande est l’installation d’un logiciel, SI vous connaissez ou pouvez deviner le nom du paquet. Le nom du paquet est souvent très évident : le paquet pour installer le jeu NJAM est « njam ». Pour la suite bureautique Calligra, c’est « calligra ». Quelques conjectures calculées suffiront habituellement. Pour installer BibleTime, par exemple, vous tapez la commande suivante : |
+ | |||
+ | sudo apt-get install bibletime | ||
+ | |||
+ | puis appuyez sur la touche Entrée. Le terminal vous demandera le mot de passe d’administrateur que vous avez choisi quand vous avez installé Ubuntu, vous dira habituellement combien de choses il doit télécharger (bien entendu, il faut que vous soyez en ligne pour télécharger et installer des logiciels) et, d’habitude, | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Note: The ‘sudo’ before the apt-get install command represents ‘super user do’, telling Ubuntu that you want temporary superuser access, which is required to install software. Being familiar with the sudo concept is VERY helpful in Linux. There are many functions that will require superuser access to perform. | ||
+ | |||
+ | As a quick aside, I recommend that since you’ll wind up using the command-line pretty frequently, putting Terminal (which is the command-line access tool) on your Control Strip is a good idea, so let’s do that now. Go to the application drawer (the 9 small white squares in your bottom left corner), click, then look at the bottom of the screen that opens. You’ll see ‘Frequent’. Click that. When you see the Terminal icon, simply drag it to the left onto wherever you want it to appear on the Control Strip, then drop it. It will then be there until, if and when you deliberately remove it. Other applications can, of course, be added to the Control Strip the same way.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Remarque : Le « sudo » avant la commande apt-get install représente « super user do » et dit à Ubuntu que vous voulez un accès temporaire au super user, ce qui est nécessaire pour installer des logiciels. La connaissance du concept sudo est TRÈS utile dans Linux. Il y a beaucoup de fonctions qui nécessitent un accès au super user. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pour être bref, puisque vous finirez par utiliser la ligne de commande très fréquemment, | ||
The (B)ugly | The (B)ugly | ||
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I don’t know if there’s a way to make it show the list of applications, | I don’t know if there’s a way to make it show the list of applications, | ||
- | And sometimes the initial screen will show up without Highlighted apps. The initial screen will FREQUENTLY show up with no list of application categories, therefore leaving no way to proceed at all. | + | Le Bogué |
+ | |||
+ | Le Centre de logiciels semble être très peu fiable et plein à ras bord de bogues. Chez moi, il s’est gelé maintes fois, il a fait planter le système complètement à de multiples occasions et il m’a exaspéré en refusant de se charger de très, très nombreuses fois. Quand vous le lancez et invoquez une catégorie, vous voyez parfois un écran disant que c’est en attente. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Le petit carré en dessous de Afficher < | ||
+ | |||
+ | Je ne sais pas si c’est possible de l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **And sometimes the initial screen will show up without Highlighted apps. The initial screen will FREQUENTLY show up with no list of application categories, therefore leaving no way to proceed at all. | ||
Absolutely maddening. These things should absolutely have been fixed before this version of Ubuntu went gold. And I’ve had these problems on multiple machines built by different manufacturers. No excuse for this. | Absolutely maddening. These things should absolutely have been fixed before this version of Ubuntu went gold. And I’ve had these problems on multiple machines built by different manufacturers. No excuse for this. | ||
- | Next month: Maybe time for another gaming column to cleanse the palate from the bad taste left by Software Center’s frustrating bugginess? Be here and see. | + | Next month: Maybe time for another gaming column to cleanse the palate from the bad taste left by Software Center’s frustrating bugginess? Be here and see.** |
+ | |||
+ | Et parfois l’écran initial s’affichera sans les applis mises en avant. L’écran initial s’affichera FRÉQUEMMENT sans la liste de catégories d’applications, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Absolument ahurissant. Ces choses-là auraient dû être réparées avant que cette version d’Ubuntu soit sortie. Et ces problèmes ont eu lieu sur de multiples machines construites par différents fabricants. C'est inexcusable. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Le mois prochain, le moment sera peut-être venu de faire un article sur les jeux afin de nettoyer le palais du mauvais goût laissé par le nombre frustrant de bogues dans le Centre de logiciels ? |
issue182/ubuntu_au_quotidien.1656314788.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2022/06/27 09:26 de auntiee