Ceci est une ancienne révision du document !
Welcome back to another edition of Questions and Answers! In this section we will endeavour to answer your Ubuntu questions. Be sure to add details of the version of your operating system and your hardware. I will try to remove any personally identifiable strings from questions, but it is best not to include things like serial numbers, UUIDs, or IP addresses. If your question does not appear immediately, it is just because there is such a lot, and I do them, first-come-first-served.
Bienvenue de retour dans un nouvel épisode de Q. ET R. ! Dans cette rubrique, nous essayerons de répondre à vos questions sur Ubuntu. Assurez-vous d’ajouter les détails de la version de votre système d’exploitation et de votre matériel. J’essaierai d’enlever de vos questions toutes chaînes qui pourraient vous identifier personnellement, mais il vaut mieux ne pas inclure des choses comme des numéros de série, des UUID ou des adresses IP. Si votre question n’apparaît pas tout de suite, ce n’est que parce qu’il y en a beaucoup et que je les traite sur la base de premier venu, premier servi.
We went to a bird sanctuary to take some photos. It was one of those with the wooden walkways that took you ever higher into the treetops so you could get closer to the birds – that would obviously go as high as they could. There were some large tropical parrots, etc, that were not skittish and would sit on branches about two meters away from you, and while these made lovely pictures, they were not the only birds there and we wanted pictures with more variety. So the hunt was on for elusive birds. Quickly we learned that using other people was easier. If you saw someone really putting effort into taking a picture, you went there to see what they saw and hopefully get a nice picture too. This worked well enough. We got quite a few pictures, but no real close-ups. When we reached the end of the path, there was a restaurant of sorts. Most people just headed for the gate in a hurry, meaning the place wasn’t busy and also not empty. We sat down and ordered milk shakes and fruit juice.
Nous sommes allés dans une réserve ornithologique pour prendre des photos. C’était l’une de celles avec des passerelles en bois qui vous amenaient de plus en plus haut vers la cime des arbres pour vous permettre de vous approcher des oiseaux, qui évidemment allaient aussi haut que possible. Il y avait quelques grands perroquets des tropiques, etc., qui n’était pas peureux et qui s’asseyaient sur des branches à environ deux mètres de vous et, bien que ceux-là fasse de merveilleuses photos, nous voulions des images plus variées. Ainsi la chasse aux oiseaux élusifs a commencé. Nous avons rapidement appris que c’était plus facile d’utiliser d’autres personnes. Si vous voyiez quelqu’un qui faisait beaucoup d’efforts pour une photo, vous y alliez pour voir ce qu’ils avaient vu, en espérant prendre votre propre photo sympa. Cela marchait assez bien. Nous avons eu pas mal de photos, mais pas en vrais gros plan. Au bout du sentier se trouvait une sorte de restaurant. La plupart des gens allaient rapidement à la sortie, ce qui signifiait que l’endroit n’était pas trop plein, mais également pas vide. Nous nous sommes assis et avons commandé des laits frappés et du jus de fruit. We finished our fruit juice and sat chatting for a while. By the time the milkshakes arrived, we were calm and relaxed and accepted that we got mostly hidden bird photos. Sitting back discussing all the beautiful birds, a cockatiel landed on the table. As a joke, I offered him some milkshake via the straw. He actually came forward and took it. He flew off and returned with a friend also wanting milkshake. I obliged, and somehow made new friends. They came to sit on my shoulders and I fed them milkshake drops. Other birds, seeing this, wanted in on the action, and soon I was covered in birds. Some German tourists stopped and wanted to know if I worked there. The spectacle not only got my girlfriend some nice photos, but lots of tourists too. We filled the rest of our SD cards with dozens of nice close-up shots. Moral of the story; if you have a problem, keep at it, sure, but some time or other, take a break, have a coffee, think about something else, the solution may come to you.
Après avoir fini le jus de fruit, nous sommes restés là à bavarder pendant quelques temps. Quand les laits frappés sont arrivés, nous étions calmés et détendus et avions accepté le fait que la plupart des photos étaient celles d’oiseaux cachés. Pendant que l’on discutait de tous les magnifiques oiseaux, une calopsitte élégante s’est posée sur la table. Pour plaisanter, je lui ai proposé de boire un peu de lait frappé avec la paille. Elle s’est approchée et a pris du lait frappé. Puis il s’est envolé et est revenu avec un copain qui voulait du lait frappé aussi. Bien sûr, je lui en ai donné ; ainsi, je me suis fait de nouveaux amis. Ils sont venus s’asseoir sur mes épaules et je leur ai donné des gouttes de lait frappé. Ayant vu cela, d’autres oiseaux voulaient participer à la fête et j’étais bientôt couvert d’oiseaux. Des touristes allemands se sont arrêtés pour me demander si j’y travaillais. Ma copine a pris quelques jolies photos grâce au spectacle, qui a attiré beaucoup de touristes. Nous avons rempli le reste de nos cartes SD avec des dizaines de bons gros plans. Morale de l’histoire : si vous avez un problème, essayez bien entendu de le résoudre, mais à un moment quelconque faites une pause, boire un café, réfléchir à autre chose, et sa solution peut se présenter tout seule.
Q: How can I see how my network card is behaving? I have a router in my lounge and the bedroom is on the opposite side of the flat. On my Ubuntu laptop, I see full bars, but on my Windows laptop it shows only one bar. How do I check what is really happening in Ubuntu. A: I use nethogs, it is very rudimentary, but you can see what apps are communicating and how fast. You can dig deeper if you like, systemctl status systemd-networkd will net you the status of your WiFi card and you can see if it disconnects. If you want a tutorial in FCM, please do email misc@fullcirclemagazine.org Q: When I run apt-get update && apt get upgrade, it will not complete as there is an error 404 not found, with just an IP address. This is almost useless to me, I am not a long-time Ubuntu user. How do I troubleshoot? A: Yes, developers sometimes forget normal people use the product. The secret is the 404, with an IP, meaning that the server is available, but the path or final destination of the URL is not found. This usually indicates that a URL has changed. I will bet it is a source that has been archived or moved. Just check it: by that I mean you can go to the URL in a browser, if it is not there, go a directory up and see. Rinse and repeat.
Q : Comment voir le comportement de ma carte réseau ? Le routeur est dans mon salon et la chambre est de l’autre côté de l’appartement. Sur mon portable sous Ubuntu, j’ai toutes les barres, mais sur le portable sous Windows, il n’y en a qu’une de visible. Comment vérifier ce qui se passe vraiment sur la machine Ubuntu.
R : J’utilise nethogs, qui est très rudimentaire, mais vous permet de voir les applis qui se communiquent et à quelle vitesse. Vous pouvez approfondir les choses si vous voulez : systemctl status systemd-networkd vous donnera le statut de votre carte WiFi et vous pourrez voir si elle se déconnecte. Si vous voulez un tutoriel dans le FCM, envoyez un mail à misc@fullcirclemagazine.org, s’il vous plaît.
Q : Quand je lance apt-get update && apt get upgrade, cela ne se termine pas, car il y a une erreur 404 pas trouvé, avec juste une adresse IP. Cela m’est presque inutile, car j’utilise Ubuntu depuis peu de temps. Comment solutionner le problème ?
R : Oui, parfois les développeurs oublient que des gens normaux utilisent leur produit. Le secret est le 404 avec une IP, ce qui signifie que le serveur est disponible, mais que le chemin ou la destination finale de l’URL n’est pas trouvé. Cela indique habituellement qu’un URL a changé. Je parie que ce soit une source qui a été archivée ou déplacée. Il suffit de la vérifier, en allant à l’URL dans un navigateur et si elle n’y est pas, monter d’un répertoire et regarder. Continuez si nécessaire.
Q: My Ubuntu 22.04 virtual machine freezes on boot. Is my data gone now? <removed>
A: I don’t know the answer, but I can tell you how to see. Copy your hard drive image to another device and spin it up there. Simply click on the “ADD” button in virtualbox and select the vdi. On the Windows side, run a checkdisk, force it. Maybe do a full shut down by holding in shift before you do.
Q: I have a stability issue, my system restarts automatically at least 10 times in a day. What could be the cause? I have the lobster on a pretty beefy machine, so there is no lack of resources for anything.
A: Firstly, Lunar Lobster is not considered “stable”; it is a short-term release to test features. Secondly, even if you are sure your hardware is fine, test it again. Memtest, CPU test, like prime 95 or stress test, and do a hard drive test (yes even SSD). Something small, like dust getting clammy, could be causing it, clean out the PC. You could also have a bad installer image or thumb drive, did you verify it before installing? There are just so many variables here. Boot off an image and use it that way and see.
Q: I have a Dell Precision 5530 with a core i9 and 32GB of RAM, Quadro P2000. I recently upgraded it to 23.04, but now it gets stuck at Plymouth. <removed> What could be the issue, as I know Plymouth is fine.
A: I see Quadro and will put money on Nvidia drivers. Do the standard purge or remove with autoclean and install the nouveau open source driver and test. You can install the Nvidia drivers once the machine is running.
Q: I only recently jumped on the update bandwagon with Linux Lite 6.2, based on Ubuntu. I want to install wifi-radar as per here: https://howtoinstall.co/en/wifi-radar, but it is just not there. I checked my sources and they are pointing to the Ubuntu repositories. I am confused.
A: I wasn’t sure about this, so I checked the man pages: https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/focal/en/man1/wifi-radar.1.html When you click on the version you have, at the top, you will see it is no longer included. You may need to build it from source.
Q: I have an older version of Ubuntu Kai:zen that I installed some Kali tools on, but something is broken and I don’t know how to revert to before adding the Kali tools. Can you help me out?
A: Sorry to disappoint, but Kai:zen and Kali are not based on Ubuntu.
Q: So I am learning Ubuntu and I need to know how come some commands are the same if I use sudo or not?
A: Do you mean the output? OK, here goes, commands are static (the same always) but the permissions are not. The command ls lists the output of a folder, regardless of who you are. Sudo is ‘superuser do’ if you like, so running ls on a folder that you do not have permission to access as a user, will net you nothing, but if you run ls as sudo, you are now the superuser, and have access to all; that is it; it does not change the command, it simply changes your permissions.
Q: I’m making space on my drive for Ubuntu to dual-boot as I am using Windows for gaming. The problem is that when I try to install Ubuntu, it says the drive is unclean? I just cleaned up 100GB for Ubuntu, what is this about?
A: The “clean” refers to a flag set on NTFS. To have that flag set, do a disk-check on Windows, let it complete, then hold shift and shut it down (see above). This actually shuts down Windows as opposed to some hybrid sleep thing. Now you should not have an issue installing Ubuntu.
Q: I made the mistake of going to Ubuntu 22.10 from 20.04, but now I want to go back to 20.04 without losing my data. What must I do?
A: “All your data” is in your home folder, is it not? Backup your home folder, install the desired version and copy the home folder back. There is no downgrade option.
Q: When my Ubuntu 22.04 (tested this in 20.04 too) wakes up, my headphones (logitech USB) connected to my Dell dock (WD-15) are no longer the default sound in / output. So if I had my laptop playing a youtube video, and I closed the lid, the moment I opened it, the audio started coming through the laptop speakers instead of the headphones. This is especially annoying when I take a Skype call. Is this a bug?
A: No, it is not a bug. What is happening is that if your headphones were directly in your laptop USB, it would detect fine. The fact of the matter is that the dock is connected and that gets detected, but the dock is not pass-through, the Dell docks are a mini PC in themselves. Once the connection is established, then only things start happening. By the time it is established that there are USB devices connected, your laptop has already looked and saw no other USB devices, so it chose the best for you. You can test this by connecting a USB mouse and you will see it starts moving only once all the handshaking is done. If you want immediate action, consider a simple pass-through dock.
Q: Hi there, I have Ubuntu Kylin latest, not too sure what that is. The weather app just has Chinese cities. I have done the install in English, but I can’t fix this. Also, it stays in the Chinese language, never becoming English. Even if I change the language options to Portuguese, nothing changes. I feel stupid now.
A: Don’t. Ubuntu Kylin is for Chinese-speaking people specifically, as per their mission statement. The weather app probably has no translation. You may read it is an international project, but it is not, simply using international repos. Until there is an effort to make it accessible for all, your only choice for using it is to learn Chinese.