issue127:freecad
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Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue127:freecad [2017/12/02 08:46] – d52fr | issue127:freecad [2017/12/03 11:54] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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In this part, we will use this technique in combination with other, more standard FreeCAD tools, to build a 3D representation of a modern building with a lattice roof structure.** | In this part, we will use this technique in combination with other, more standard FreeCAD tools, to build a 3D representation of a modern building with a lattice roof structure.** | ||
- | Dans cette série, nous examinerons le monde de FreeCAD, une application Open Source de modélisation par CAO qui est encore en bêta, mais qui a reçu un bon accueil ces dernières années. Naturellement, | + | Dans cette série, nous examinerons le monde de FreeCAD, une application Open Source de modélisation par CAO qui est encore en bêta, mais qui a reçu un bon accueil ces dernières années. Naturellement, |
- | Dans cette partie, nous utiliserons | + | Dans cette partie, nous utiliserons |
**Architectural meshes | **Architectural meshes | ||
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Les maillages architecturaux | Les maillages architecturaux | ||
- | Une partie de l' | + | Une partie de l' |
- | • D'une part, le treillis peut supporter une proportion importante de son propre poids, ce qui permet à l' | + | • D'une part, le treillis peut supporter une proportion importante de son propre poids, ce qui permet à l' |
• D' | • D' | ||
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For instance, let us consider the height function h(x, y) = x*x - y*y. A simple surface plot shows us that, in the vicinity of coordinate origin point (0, 0, 0), this surface shows a concave curvature in the upwards direction, along axis X. However, curvature is convex along axis Y, also towards the top. This very simple function shows a double curvature that is easy to calculate, but not easy to draw with precision without the help of a computer.** | For instance, let us consider the height function h(x, y) = x*x - y*y. A simple surface plot shows us that, in the vicinity of coordinate origin point (0, 0, 0), this surface shows a concave curvature in the upwards direction, along axis X. However, curvature is convex along axis Y, also towards the top. This very simple function shows a double curvature that is easy to calculate, but not easy to draw with precision without the help of a computer.** | ||
- | Certains treillis simples peuvent être dessinés « à la main », pour tant que les formes générales restent | + | Certains treillis simples peuvent être dessinés « à la main », tant que les formes générales restent |
- | Par exemple, considérons la fonction hauteur h(x, y) = x*x - y*y. Un simple tracé de la surface nous montre que, au voisinage du point d' | + | Par exemple, considérons la fonction hauteur h(x, y) = x*x - y*y. Un simple tracé de la surface nous montre que, au voisinage du point d' |
**Integrating a lattice into a building | **Integrating a lattice into a building | ||
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Let us begin by writing a short Python program to create an STL file with the mesh. The complete code can be found at: https:// | Let us begin by writing a short Python program to create an STL file with the mesh. The complete code can be found at: https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | Intégration d'un treillis dans un bâtiment | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dans la présentation qui suit, nous créerons un pavillon de taille moyenne utilisant un treillis défini avec la fonction ci-dessus. Naturellement, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Commençons par écrire un court programme en Python pour créer un fichier STL avec le maillage. Le code complet peut être trouvé à : https:// | ||
**The end result of this program is an STL file that can be imported into a new FreeCAD project using the technique discussed in the previous part of this series. To better visualize proportions, | **The end result of this program is an STL file that can be imported into a new FreeCAD project using the technique discussed in the previous part of this series. To better visualize proportions, | ||
Closing off the walls on all four sides of this building will be no easy task, since all four walls will have three straight edges, but the fourth (upper) edge needs to follow a parabolic line. There are several solutions for this problem. One would be to write further programs in Python to create mesh files to suit. However, FreeCAD does offer alternatives. In this case, I made mesh lines visible. Select the mesh object, and, in the Property box, select “Display Mode” and switch from the original “Shaded” mode to “Flat Lines”.** | Closing off the walls on all four sides of this building will be no easy task, since all four walls will have three straight edges, but the fourth (upper) edge needs to follow a parabolic line. There are several solutions for this problem. One would be to write further programs in Python to create mesh files to suit. However, FreeCAD does offer alternatives. In this case, I made mesh lines visible. Select the mesh object, and, in the Property box, select “Display Mode” and switch from the original “Shaded” mode to “Flat Lines”.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Le résultat final de ce programme est un fichier STL qui peut être importé dans un nouveau projet FreeCAD en utilisant la technique présentée dans la partie précédente de la série. Pour mieux visualiser les proportions, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Poser les cloisons pour fermer les murs des quatre côtés ne sera pas une tâche facile, car les quatre cloisons auront trois côtés droits, mais le quatrième (celui du haut) devra suivre une courbe parabolique. Il y a plusieurs solutions à ce problème. L'une d' | ||
**We can then go into the Draft workbench, and, working carefully, draw a new Wire - selecting, point by point, all the vertices along one edge of the roof. Then, close the shape by selecting the corners of the ground rectangle beneath this edge. This flat shape can then be promoted to a plane ?plain? DWire object. Then proceed in the same way for the other walls. | **We can then go into the Draft workbench, and, working carefully, draw a new Wire - selecting, point by point, all the vertices along one edge of the roof. Then, close the shape by selecting the corners of the ground rectangle beneath this edge. This flat shape can then be promoted to a plane ?plain? DWire object. Then proceed in the same way for the other walls. | ||
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One can then add columns to hold up the roof mesh. However, it then becomes apparent that the mesh has no thickness. Even if much care is taken with column heights, some discrepancy appears since column ends are horizontal disks, but the part of the mesh that is in contact with them is not flat. Intersections with the building’s four exterior walls also become apparent.** | One can then add columns to hold up the roof mesh. However, it then becomes apparent that the mesh has no thickness. Even if much care is taken with column heights, some discrepancy appears since column ends are horizontal disks, but the part of the mesh that is in contact with them is not flat. Intersections with the building’s four exterior walls also become apparent.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Nous pouvons aller maintenant dans l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Une fois que les murs ont été définis, le maillage du toit peut, soit être laissé avec sa structure maillée apparente, soit le mode d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | On peut ensuite ajouter des colonnes pour tenir le maillage du toit. Cependant, il devient apparent que le maillage n'a pas d' | ||
**One relatively realistic solution is to give the roof mesh some thickness. SImply select the mesh, and, in the Part workbench, create a new Extrusion. Top and bottom surfaces will have the shape of the mesh, while the vertical depth of the object will be the same along its surface. A value of one meter seems appropriate for this building. | **One relatively realistic solution is to give the roof mesh some thickness. SImply select the mesh, and, in the Part workbench, create a new Extrusion. Top and bottom surfaces will have the shape of the mesh, while the vertical depth of the object will be the same along its surface. A value of one meter seems appropriate for this building. | ||
Finally, the colors and transparency levels of each object can be adjusted in the Properties box. For instance, to represent glass walls - allowing light to enter the building between columns - the four walls can be left with their default color ([204, 204, 204]), but with a transparency of 40. ** | Finally, the colors and transparency levels of each object can be adjusted in the Properties box. For instance, to represent glass walls - allowing light to enter the building between columns - the four walls can be left with their default color ([204, 204, 204]), but with a transparency of 40. ** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Une solution relativement réaliste est de donner un peu d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Enfin, la couleur et le niveau de transparence de chaque objet peuvent être ajustés dans la zone Propriétés. Par exemple, pour représenter des murs en verre - permettant à la lumière d' | ||
**What next? | **What next? | ||
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In the next part, we will explore going from a computer model to something physical, by exporting a finished project and printing it using a 3D printer.** | In the next part, we will explore going from a computer model to something physical, by exporting a finished project and printing it using a 3D printer.** | ||
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+ | Et ensuite ? | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dans cet article sur l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dans la prochaine partie, nous explorerons le passage d'un modèle informatique à un objet matérialisé, | ||
issue127/freecad.1512200777.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2017/12/02 08:46 de d52fr