issue192:inkscape
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue192:inkscape [2023/04/29 18:46] – créée auntiee | issue192:inkscape [2023/05/03 18:44] (Version actuelle) – auntiee | ||
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- | Perhaps the most important addition in Inkscape 1.2 is the ability to support multiple pages in a single document. This is a much requested feature which opens up a lot more power for working with multi-page PDF files (both importing and exporting), though it’s not without its limitations, | + | **Perhaps the most important addition in Inkscape 1.2 is the ability to support multiple pages in a single document. This is a much requested feature which opens up a lot more power for working with multi-page PDF files (both importing and exporting), though it’s not without its limitations, |
By default Inkscape opens with its traditional single-page view. Whereas many applications might provide a dedicated dialog or menu options for adding and removing pages, Inkscape treats such tasks as more akin to a drawing task than a management one. Gaining access to the new multi-page features therefore requires you to switch drawing tools, choosing the new icon at the bottom of the toolbox (outlined in red). | By default Inkscape opens with its traditional single-page view. Whereas many applications might provide a dedicated dialog or menu options for adding and removing pages, Inkscape treats such tasks as more akin to a drawing task than a management one. Gaining access to the new multi-page features therefore requires you to switch drawing tools, choosing the new icon at the bottom of the toolbox (outlined in red). | ||
- | With the correct tool selected your page will gain a small, square handle at each corner, and the tool control bar will change to show the initial set of controls for managing pages. | + | With the correct tool selected your page will gain a small, square handle at each corner, and the tool control bar will change to show the initial set of controls for managing pages.** |
- | Using the square handles you can dynamically change the size of the existing page on the canvas. I recommend using the bottom-right handle for this for the simple reason that pressing Ctrl-Z will undo this change ‘cleanly’. If you move any of the other three handles then an undo operation will actually cause the page to shift on the screen. The end result is pretty much the same, especially if you pan the canvas afterwards, but the movement is somewhat jarring. It’s also worth noting that these handles don’t honor the usual Inkscape modifier keys for resizing in proportion, or along a single direction, which is a shame. | + | L' |
- | Manually resizing the page isn’t your only option though. You can use the third control on the toolbar (the page with four arrows pointing to it) to resize the page. If you had no objects selected when switching to the page tool, this button will resize the page to fit the contents; if you had items selected then it resizes the page to fit the selection. Unfortunately there’s no facility to include an offset or margin, so if you don’t want your page boundary to absolutely hug your objects tightly you’ll either have to manually resize afterwards, or add a temporary object to your page that is larger than the combined elements, then delete it afterwards. Unfortunately this same omission is now present in the re-designed Document Properties dialog, which is rather annoying for those of us that prefer to include a little breathing room around our creations. | + | Par défaut, Inkscape s' |
- | If you prefer to set your page size to specific dimensions, you can do that using the input field and drop-down combination widget in the tool control bar. Click in the field and enter dimensions with units directly (e.g. 100mm x 100mm). Or select one of the presets from the drop-down list. | + | Une fois l' |
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+ | **Using the square handles you can dynamically change the size of the existing page on the canvas. I recommend using the bottom-right handle for this for the simple reason that pressing Ctrl-Z will undo this change ‘cleanly’. If you move any of the other three handles then an undo operation will actually cause the page to shift on the screen. The end result is pretty much the same, especially if you pan the canvas afterwards, but the movement is somewhat jarring. It’s also worth noting that these handles don’t honor the usual Inkscape modifier keys for resizing in proportion, or along a single direction, which is a shame. | ||
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+ | Manually resizing the page isn’t your only option though. You can use the third control on the toolbar (the page with four arrows pointing to it) to resize the page. If you had no objects selected when switching to the page tool, this button will resize the page to fit the contents; if you had items selected then it resizes the page to fit the selection. Unfortunately there’s no facility to include an offset or margin, so if you don’t want your page boundary to absolutely hug your objects tightly you’ll either have to manually resize afterwards, or add a temporary object to your page that is larger than the combined elements, then delete it afterwards. Unfortunately this same omission is now present in the re-designed Document Properties dialog, which is rather annoying for those of us that prefer to include a little breathing room around our creations.** | ||
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+ | Les poignées carrées vous permettent de modifier dynamiquement la taille de la page existante sur le canevas. Je recommande d' | ||
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+ | Redimensionner manuellement la page n'est pas votre seule option. Vous pouvez utiliser la troisième commande de la barre d' | ||
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+ | **If you prefer to set your page size to specific dimensions, you can do that using the input field and drop-down combination widget in the tool control bar. Click in the field and enter dimensions with units directly (e.g. 100mm x 100mm). Or select one of the presets from the drop-down list. | ||
So far all we’ve looked at with this ‘multi-page’ tool is how to resize the existing single page. Let’s add a second page to our document, by clicking on the first icon in the tool control bar. Inkscape creates a new page on the canvas – you may need to zoom out to see both. The new page will be the same size as the previously selected one. Now that you have more than one page you can click in each of them to change the ‘current’ page (the one that will be affected by clicks and changes in the tool control bar), or click and drag inside the page area to move it around on the canvas. With more than one page in the document, the tool control bar itself also gains more widgets: | So far all we’ve looked at with this ‘multi-page’ tool is how to resize the existing single page. Let’s add a second page to our document, by clicking on the first icon in the tool control bar. Inkscape creates a new page on the canvas – you may need to zoom out to see both. The new page will be the same size as the previously selected one. Now that you have more than one page you can click in each of them to change the ‘current’ page (the one that will be affected by clicks and changes in the tool control bar), or click and drag inside the page area to move it around on the canvas. With more than one page in the document, the tool control bar itself also gains more widgets: | ||
- | In the middle we have a pair of buttons that allow you to reorder the pages. Currently the first of the two pages is selected, so the text reads “1/2”. There are buttons for moving the order of the page: the left one is disabled, because we can’t move this page earlier than position 1. The right button is enabled, though, so we could click that to move the selected page to position 2 (effectively swapping the page order, since we only have two pages). Using these buttons also moves the pages around on the canvas, as well as changing the order in which they are listed in the SVG file. | + | In the middle we have a pair of buttons that allow you to reorder the pages. Currently the first of the two pages is selected, so the text reads “1/2”. There are buttons for moving the order of the page: the left one is disabled, because we can’t move this page earlier than position 1. The right button is enabled, though, so we could click that to move the selected page to position 2 (effectively swapping the page order, since we only have two pages). Using these buttons also moves the pages around on the canvas, as well as changing the order in which they are listed in the SVG file.** |
- | The text field reads “Page 1” in grey text. Inkscape gives each page a default label of this form, if you don’t provide one of your own, in order to help you keep track of which page is the currently selected one. Often it may make more sense for you to name some or all of your pages explicitly. Simply type something into the text box, and the corresponding page on the canvas will be decorated with a small tag at the top-left which shows the name you entered. A manually entered label will be stored as part of the SVG document, whereas the automatic labels are not, and are generated by Inkscape when needed. It’s perfectly okay for you to combine both approaches, using manually defined labels for key pages, and falling back to the automatic “Page n” syntax for the others. | + | Si vous préférez définir la taille de votre page en fonction de dimensions spécifiques, vous pouvez le faire en utilisant le champ de saisie et le widget de combinaison déroulante dans la barre de contrôle de l' |
- | The button after the text field is used to delete the currently selected | + | Jusqu' |
- | Toggle it on, however, and things become more complicated. In that state, any object that intersects with a page that is moved or deleted will also be moved or deleted. The important word there is ‘intersects’. When an object is wholly contained within the page boundary, the behaviour makes sense. Move a page, and the contents of the page move with it. Delete a page and its contents disappear too. But this also applies to any object that overlaps with the page boundary, even a little. It might be 99.9% on the canvas, barely touching the page, but it will get dragged around or deleted just the same as something entirely within the page. This can be particularly troublesome when pages are positioned close together, and an object ‘bleeds’ out of one, and slightly into another. Moving that second page will drag the object with it, even if it was meant to be kept on the first page. | + | Au milieu, nous avons une paire de boutons qui vous permettent de réorganiser les pages. Actuellement, c'est la première des deux pages qui est sélectionnée, et le texte indique donc « 1/2 ». Il existe des boutons permettant de modifier l' |
- | Unfortunately there’s no fine control with this. Either every intersecting object moves (button toggled on), or none of them do (button toggled off). There’s no way to ‘de-select’ specific objects prior to the move, or anchor them more tightly to the correct page. In practice it’s not usually a huge problem, but it’s definitely something to be aware of, especially if you keep your pages close to each other, but let your objects bleed out of the boundaries. | ||
- | If you do manage to accidentally move or delete an object, the usual Edit > Undo (Ctrl-Z) option will generally save you. But the multi-page code is still new, and I have experienced a few crashes when using it, so I wouldn’t rely on that safety net too heavily. As usual I recommend saving frequently and making sure you have autosave enabled (Edit > Preferences > Input/ | + | **The text field reads “Page 1” in grey text. Inkscape gives each page a default label of this form, if you don’t provide one of your own, in order to help you keep track of which page is the currently selected one. Often it may make more sense for you to name some or all of your pages explicitly. Simply type something into the text box, and the corresponding page on the canvas will be decorated with a small tag at the top-left which shows the name you entered. A manually entered label will be stored as part of the SVG document, whereas the automatic labels are not, and are generated by Inkscape when needed. It’s perfectly okay for you to combine both approaches, using manually defined labels for key pages, and falling back to the automatic “Page n” syntax for the others. |
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+ | The button after the text field is used to delete the currently selected page. However, the exact behaviour depends on the state of the last button. That last button is actually a toggle, which determines how objects are moved when a page is moved around the canvas. With it toggled off, the objects and the pages are treated as two entirely separate things. If you move a page, or even delete it, the objects themselves remain unaffected.** | ||
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+ | Le champ de texte indique « Page 1 » en gris. Inkscape attribue à chaque page une étiquette par défaut de cette forme, si vous n'en fournissez pas une vous-même, afin de vous aider à savoir quelle est la page actuellement sélectionnée. Souvent, il peut être plus judicieux pour vous de nommer certaines ou toutes vos pages de manière explicite. Tapez simplement quelque chose dans la zone de texte, et la page correspondante sur le canevas sera décorée d'une petite étiquette en haut à gauche qui indique le nom que vous avez saisi. Une étiquette saisie manuellement sera stockée en tant que partie du document SVG, alors que les étiquettes automatiques ne le sont pas et sont générées par Inkscape en cas de besoin. Il est tout à fait possible de combiner les deux approches, en utilisant des étiquettes définies manuellement pour les pages clés et en se rabattant sur la syntaxe automatique « Page n » pour les autres. | ||
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+ | Le bouton situé après le champ de texte est utilisé pour supprimer la page sélectionnée. Toutefois, le comportement exact dépend de l' | ||
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+ | **Toggle it on, however, and things become more complicated. In that state, any object that intersects with a page that is moved or deleted will also be moved or deleted. The important word there is ‘intersects’. When an object is wholly contained within the page boundary, the behaviour makes sense. Move a page, and the contents of the page move with it. Delete a page and its contents disappear too. But this also applies to any object that overlaps with the page boundary, even a little. It might be 99.9% on the canvas, barely touching the page, but it will get dragged around or deleted just the same as something entirely within the page. This can be particularly troublesome when pages are positioned close together, and an object ‘bleeds’ out of one, and slightly into another. Moving that second page will drag the object with it, even if it was meant to be kept on the first page. | ||
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+ | Unfortunately there’s no fine control with this. Either every intersecting object moves (button toggled on), or none of them do (button toggled off). There’s no way to ‘de-select’ specific objects prior to the move, or anchor them more tightly to the correct page. In practice it’s not usually a huge problem, but it’s definitely something to be aware of, especially if you keep your pages close to each other, but let your objects bleed out of the boundaries.** | ||
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+ | En revanche, si vous l' | ||
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+ | Malheureusement, | ||
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+ | **If you do manage to accidentally move or delete an object, the usual Edit > Undo (Ctrl-Z) option will generally save you. But the multi-page code is still new, and I have experienced a few crashes when using it, so I wouldn’t rely on that safety net too heavily. As usual I recommend saving frequently and making sure you have autosave enabled (Edit > Preferences > Input/ | ||
With the Page tool selected you actually have other options besides the tool control bar for performing some of the page-related tasks. You can create a new page simply by drawing a rectangle on the canvas. This lets you create new pages that aren’t the same size as the currently selected one – but you also don’t get accurate control over the dimensions. Having created the page, you can select it and then change the page size from the input field and drop-down in the tool control bar – but if you’re going to do that then I’m not sure I see much benefit in drawing out the page on the canvas first anyway. | With the Page tool selected you actually have other options besides the tool control bar for performing some of the page-related tasks. You can create a new page simply by drawing a rectangle on the canvas. This lets you create new pages that aren’t the same size as the currently selected one – but you also don’t get accurate control over the dimensions. Having created the page, you can select it and then change the page size from the input field and drop-down in the tool control bar – but if you’re going to do that then I’m not sure I see much benefit in drawing out the page on the canvas first anyway. | ||
- | Deleting a page can also be done simply by pressing the Delete key on your keyboard, as you might imagine. Right-clicking on a page will bring up a context menu with a few common options, too: | + | Deleting a page can also be done simply by pressing the Delete key on your keyboard, as you might imagine. Right-clicking on a page will bring up a context menu with a few common options, too:** |
- | There’s no context menu when you click on the empty canvas. It would have been nice to at least have a ‘New Page’ | + | S'il vous arrive de déplacer ou supprimer accidentellement un objet, l'option |
- | Since this is new code, not every part of Inkscape is fully aware of this multi-page world. I’ve already described how to change the page size using the page tool, but it’s a little disappointing to find that the Document Properties dialog only knows about the first page. It doesn’t matter which page you have selected, changing the size in that dialog will only affect the first one. I would actually prefer it if this dialog acted as a ‘master’ control, setting the size for all the pages. That would be more consistent with the other controls in this dialog, such as the color picker for changing the page background, which does apply to all the pages. As it is, there’s no way to select multiple pages if you want to resize them all to the same dimensions, so you’ll have to resize each one by hand by adjusting its dimensions in the tool control bar. | + | Lorsque l' |
- | Conversely, the Align & Distribute dialog does recognise different pages. If you select ‘Page’ in the ‘Relative To’ pop-up, your objects will align to the page they’re currently in. If they straddle more than one page it’s a little more hit-and-miss as to which one they’ll align to. There is some tricky-to-explain logic to it, but it’s such a corner case that it’s not worth trying to put it into words. If you find yourself in this situation, and your objects align to the wrong page, you should just move them to be well and truly inside the correct page and try again. | + | La suppression d' |
- | Guides in Inkscape have always extended beyond the page boundaries and into the infinite space of the canvas itself. The multi-page world doesn’t change that, so any guides you create will happily appear on top of all the pages in their path. This is a good thing, as it makes it easier for you to snap objects to a common baseline, for example. Another good thing is that pages themselves can be snapped to guides, or to other pages, which definitely helps with alignment. They don’t snap to objects though, so you may want to use Object > Objects to Guides if you have to create alignment anchors based on your content (don’t forget to duplicate the object first!). | ||
- | On that note, it would have been really | + | **There’s no context menu when you click on the empty canvas. It would have been nice to at least have a ‘New Page’ |
- | A similar missed opportunity | + | Since this is new code, not every part of Inkscape is fully aware of this multi-page world. I’ve |
- | It’s easy to imagine that this rectangle might equally be a border shape, a watermark, a line marking a header or footer, or some other object that you wish to copy to the exact same position on the second page. Your immediate thought might be to copy it to the clipboard, then use Edit > Paste in Place, after switching to the Page tool and selecting the second | + | Il n' |
- | Another approach might be to duplicate the object, then try to position it using the arrow keys. This is where the gap size becomes a problem. A seasoned | + | Comme il s'agit d'un nouveau code, toutes les parties d'Inkscape |
- | As you’ve probably guessed by now, it’s not. It’s just a little out, leaving your object misaligned one way or the other. Yes there are other ways to align objects on the page. But this small oversight complicates an otherwise simple task. | + | |
+ | **Conversely, | ||
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+ | Guides in Inkscape have always extended beyond the page boundaries and into the infinite space of the canvas itself. The multi-page world doesn’t change that, so any guides you create will happily appear on top of all the pages in their path. This is a good thing, as it makes it easier for you to snap objects to a common baseline, for example. Another good thing is that pages themselves can be snapped to guides, or to other pages, which definitely helps with alignment. They don’t snap to objects though, so you may want to use Object > Objects to Guides if you have to create alignment anchors based on your content (don’t forget to duplicate the object first!).** | ||
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+ | À l' | ||
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+ | Les guides dans Inkscape se sont toujours étendus au-delà des limites de la page et dans l' | ||
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+ | **On that note, it would have been really nice if the Objects to Guides option did something useful when the Page tool is selected. The obvious thing would be to create guides based on the selected page, while not removing the page itself. That would make it very easy to align pages to each other, but unfortunately the option just does nothing when a page is selected. | ||
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+ | A similar missed opportunity is present in the spacing placed between new pages when you create them. Starting from a single page document, clicking the New Page button in the tool control bar creates a second page, then a third, and so on – each of them offset from the previous one with a small gap. Now let’s consider the following example: I’ve created a second page, but haven’t moved either of them from their initial positions. I’ve also drawn a rectangle that fills the first page, though I’ve rounded the corners so you can see the page behind it.** | ||
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+ | À ce propos, il aurait été très intéressant si l' | ||
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+ | Une occasion manquée similaire est présente dans l' | ||
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+ | **It’s easy to imagine that this rectangle might equally be a border shape, a watermark, a line marking a header or footer, or some other object that you wish to copy to the exact same position on the second page. Your immediate thought might be to copy it to the clipboard, then use Edit > Paste in Place, after switching to the Page tool and selecting the second page. That doesn’t work. It just pastes the copy on top of the original object, which is the same behaviour it’s always had, but seems slightly wrong when dealing with multiple pages. | ||
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+ | Another approach might be to duplicate the object, then try to position it using the arrow keys. This is where the gap size becomes a problem. A seasoned Inkscape user probably knows the trick of moving things around by holding the Shift key while pressing the arrow keys. This moves objects in discrete steps that are always the same, regardless of your zoom level. I often use this technique when I have to temporarily move an object out of the way, then back again – provided I count the number of keypresses I made, I can be certain it will return to the exact same position, no matter how much panning and zooming I’ve done in the meantime. This would be an ideal way to move an object to precisely the same position on another page… all it requires is that the gap is an exact multiple of the Shift-Arrow step size.** | ||
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+ | Il est facile d' | ||
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+ | Une autre approche pourrait consister à dupliquer l' | ||
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+ | **As you’ve probably guessed by now, it’s not. It’s just a little out, leaving your object misaligned one way or the other. Yes there are other ways to align objects on the page. But this small oversight complicates an otherwise simple task. | ||
Having created your multi-page document, you might want to know what you can actually do with it. Loading it into a web browser only shows the first page – but more on that topic next month. You can save as a PDF file, which also preserves any page labels, and successfully handles different page sizes. For anyone trying to use Inkscape as a desktop publishing program, this will likely be more than sufficient. I’d still recommend learning to use Scribus if this is the sort of thing you do regularly – Inkscape works well enough for the occasional one-off, but it’s no replacement for a fully-fledged DTP program. | Having created your multi-page document, you might want to know what you can actually do with it. Loading it into a web browser only shows the first page – but more on that topic next month. You can save as a PDF file, which also preserves any page labels, and successfully handles different page sizes. For anyone trying to use Inkscape as a desktop publishing program, this will likely be more than sufficient. I’d still recommend learning to use Scribus if this is the sort of thing you do regularly – Inkscape works well enough for the occasional one-off, but it’s no replacement for a fully-fledged DTP program. | ||
- | Another use for multiple pages is to help organise a document that contains several images which you may later wish to export in another format for use as assets in a game or website, for example. I’m talking about the old ‘Export PNG Image…’ option in the File menu, which is now just ‘Export…’. The name change is for a good reason: this release adds many more options to this dialog which solve some long-standing complaints about the application. We’ll take a look at this using the following multi-page document: | + | Another use for multiple pages is to help organise a document that contains several images which you may later wish to export in another format for use as assets in a game or website, for example. I’m talking about the old ‘Export PNG Image…’ option in the File menu, which is now just ‘Export…’. The name change is for a good reason: this release adds many more options to this dialog which solve some long-standing complaints about the application. We’ll take a look at this using the following multi-page document:** |
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+ | Comme vous l'avez probablement deviné, ce n'est pas le cas. Il s'agit simplement d'un petit décalage qui laisse votre objet mal aligné dans un sens ou dans l' | ||
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+ | Après avoir créé votre document multipage, vous voudrez peut-être savoir ce que vous pouvez réellement en faire. Le chargement dans un navigateur Web n' | ||
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+ | Les pages multiples peuvent également servir à organiser un document contenant plusieurs images que vous souhaiterez peut-être exporter dans un autre format pour les utiliser dans un jeu ou sur un site Web, par exemple. Je parle ici de l' | ||
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+ | **When creating a single export image, the dialog has been somewhat de-cluttered, | ||
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+ | Clicking on the ‘Page’ button updates the UI a little, showing just a single page at a time in the preview. Just above that is a less-than-obvious set of UI elements: the page label, with back and forward buttons on either side. These buttons let you select which page to export, and the main canvas will zoom and pan to fill with the relevant page as you change them. This can actually be rather annoying if you were quite happy with your previous view of the document, so I’ll take this opportunity to remind you of the View > Zoom > Zoom Previous menu option, which is assigned to the backtick (`) key by default.** | ||
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+ | Lors de la création d'une seule image d' | ||
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+ | Un clic sur le bouton « Page » actualise légèrement l' | ||
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+ | **Switching to the Batch Export tab, we find a minor UI inconsistency in that this tab contains sub-tabs rather than buttons for switching between the different export modes. One of those sub-tabs is labelled ‘Pages’ and allows you to export each individual page as a separate file. The order in which the pages are presented can be a little odd, as shown in this screenshot. It doesn’t seem to reflect the order of the pages on the canvas, their creation order, alphabetical order, nor the order they appear in the SVG file. If you’re going to be performing batch exports then it makes sense to give your pages clear and sensible labels to help work around this confusion. | ||
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+ | One thing to note about the new Export dialog is that there’s now a pop-up ‘Format’ menu. No longer are you limited to just exporting PNG images. You can also export JPEGs directly, or even to export individual objects, pages or layers as their own separate SVG files, which will greatly simplify some workflows. Just be conscious of the different pros and cons of each format: JPEGs don’t support transparency, | ||
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+ | En passant à l' | ||
- | When creating | + | Une chose à noter à propos de la nouvelle boîte de dialogue d' |
- | Clicking on the ‘Page’ button updates the UI a little, showing just a single page at a time in the preview. Just above that is a less-than-obvious set of UI elements: the page label, with back and forward buttons on either side. These buttons let you select which page to export, and the main canvas will zoom and pan to fill with the relevant page as you change them. This can actually be rather annoying if you were quite happy with your previous view of the document, so I’ll take this opportunity to remind you of the View > Zoom > Zoom Previous menu option, which is assigned to the backtick (`) key by default. | ||
- | Switching to the Batch Export | + | **One final feature of the Batch Export |
- | One thing to note about the new Export dialog | + | The new multi-page functionality |
- | One final feature of the Batch Export | + | Une dernière caractéristique du mode d' |
- | The new multi-page functionality is a huge step forward for Inkscape | + | La nouvelle fonctionnalité |
issue192/inkscape.1682786786.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2023/04/29 18:46 de auntiee