issue72:network_settings
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue72:network_settings [2013/05/08 13:59] – créée andre_domenech | issue72:network_settings [2013/08/30 12:32] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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- | Network Settings | + | ===== 1 ===== |
+ | |||
+ | **Network Settings | ||
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For the laptop and printer you can, almost always, choose between the two, and for desktops the choice is probably made already, with the presence of the Ethernet port and the missing wireless card. | For the laptop and printer you can, almost always, choose between the two, and for desktops the choice is probably made already, with the presence of the Ethernet port and the missing wireless card. | ||
- | The second choice is how do you want your device to be connect to your network. Do you use the devices (cellphone, tablet, laptop) also on other networks, wifi at the office, school, mall or maybe even in the train, or is it (desktop, printer/ | + | The second choice is how do you want your device to be connect to your network. Do you use the devices (cellphone, tablet, laptop) also on other networks, wifi at the office, school, mall or maybe even in the train, or is it (desktop, printer/ |
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+ | Configuration réseau | ||
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+ | Quand vous connectez votre ordinateur de bureau, ordinateur portable, imprimante/ | ||
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+ | Le premier choix que vous devez faire est l' | ||
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+ | Pour l’ordinateur portable ou l’imprimante vous pouvez, presque toujours, choisir l’un des deux et, pour l’ordinateur de bureau, le choix est probablement déjà fait, par la présence d’un port Ethernet et l’absence de carte Wifi. | ||
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+ | Le second choix est : comment voulez-vous vous connecter à votre réseau ? Voulez-vous utiliser ce matériel (téléphone portable, tablette, ordinateur portable) également sur d' | ||
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+ | ===== 2 ===== | ||
- | DHCP stands for: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (See http:// | + | **DHCP stands for: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (See http:// |
Routers have a DHCP server on board so you can use it very easily. | Routers have a DHCP server on board so you can use it very easily. | ||
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Using DHCP, the router will give your connected device the first free address in the range of addresses it can use, meaning it might use a different address each time it is connected. | Using DHCP, the router will give your connected device the first free address in the range of addresses it can use, meaning it might use a different address each time it is connected. | ||
- | For a desktop, which is placed under or on your table and which will be there till it falls apart, you can also use the manual “fixed address” settings. This way, you are in control: you decide which address the computer uses, and you know it always uses that one same address. | + | For a desktop, which is placed under or on your table and which will be there till it falls apart, you can also use the manual “fixed address” settings. This way, you are in control: you decide which address the computer uses, and you know it always uses that one same address.** |
- | Both ways have advantages. | + | DHCP signifie : Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (http:// |
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+ | Les routeurs embarquent un serveur DHCP ; ainsi, il peut être utilisé très facilement. | ||
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+ | En utilisant DHCP, le routeur donnera à votre matériel la première adresse disponible dans la plage qui lui est allouée, ce qui signifie qu'il est possible qu'il utilise une adresse différente à chaque connexion. | ||
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+ | Dans le cas d'un ordinateur, placé sur ou sous votre bureau, et qui y restera jusqu' | ||
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+ | ===== 3 ===== | ||
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+ | **Both ways have advantages. | ||
When using DHCP, your device will almost automatically be connected to a network when it comes in range AND you have permission to connect to it. You just need to chose the security used by the network (if any) and probably type in a password. | When using DHCP, your device will almost automatically be connected to a network when it comes in range AND you have permission to connect to it. You just need to chose the security used by the network (if any) and probably type in a password. | ||
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I will explain this using a Kubuntu system. For other systems, there will be differences in setting it up, but they will be minor. | I will explain this using a Kubuntu system. For other systems, there will be differences in setting it up, but they will be minor. | ||
- | When you open the Network connection settings, you see what is shown in the picture above. I use a wired connection, since this is the only connection the computer has. The connection is called: “Wired connection 1”. Now this is just a name, you can use anything you want here. You can make more than one connection if you need to, each using its own settings. | + | When you open the Network connection settings, you see what is shown in the picture above. I use a wired connection, since this is the only connection the computer has. The connection is called: “Wired connection 1”. Now this is just a name, you can use anything you want here. You can make more than one connection if you need to, each using its own settings.** |
- | Each time the computer is booted, the connection is switched on automatically—which makes life easy. | + | Les deux présentent des avantages. |
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+ | En utilisant DHCP, votre matériel se connectera presque automatiquement à un réseau à portée SI vous avez la permission de vous y connecter. Vous n' | ||
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+ | Si vous choisissez une adresse fixe, vous savez laquelle c'est et vous pouvez l' | ||
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+ | Que faire pour configurer une connexion? | ||
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+ | Je vais l' | ||
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+ | En ouvrant les paramètres de configuration réseau, vous verrez ce qui figure dans l' | ||
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+ | ===== 4 ===== | ||
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+ | **Each time the computer is booted, the connection is switched on automatically—which makes life easy. | ||
As you can see, I use the Automatic (DHCP) method of connecting to my router. In the middle of the screen I chose DHCP, and now the other fields for setting IP address, Subnet mask and Gateway are grayed out. They don't need to be filled out since the DHCP router takes care of them. | As you can see, I use the Automatic (DHCP) method of connecting to my router. In the middle of the screen I chose DHCP, and now the other fields for setting IP address, Subnet mask and Gateway are grayed out. They don't need to be filled out since the DHCP router takes care of them. | ||
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• The subnet mask is used to organize your network. It tells which addresses can be used by means of a filter. In my case the value is set to 255.255.255.0. This means when placing this filter on top of the address, the DHCP server can use only the addresses 192.168.1.0 until 192.168.1.255. Only the part after the last decimal point can change. This is caused by the value “0” in the mask. Mind you, in this range there are a few addresses which will not be used for connected devices since they are used by the network itself. | • The subnet mask is used to organize your network. It tells which addresses can be used by means of a filter. In my case the value is set to 255.255.255.0. This means when placing this filter on top of the address, the DHCP server can use only the addresses 192.168.1.0 until 192.168.1.255. Only the part after the last decimal point can change. This is caused by the value “0” in the mask. Mind you, in this range there are a few addresses which will not be used for connected devices since they are used by the network itself. | ||
- | • The Gateway is the door which connects your local private network to the Internet. It is the address for the “inside” part of the router, the local LAN side of the router. | + | • The Gateway is the door which connects your local private network to the Internet. It is the address for the “inside” part of the router, the local LAN side of the router.** |
- | On the other side, the WAN side of the router, the address is the IP address your Internet Service Provider gave you, either by means of a fixed or a DHCP address. | + | Chaque fois que vous démarrerez l' |
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+ | Comme vous pouvez le voir, j' | ||
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+ | Dans la seconde image, j'ai choisi le paramétrage manuel et entré l' | ||
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+ | Quelques explications : | ||
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+ | • L' | ||
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+ | • Le masque de sous-réseau permet d' | ||
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+ | • La passerelle est le point par lequel votre réseau local se connecte à internet. C'est l' | ||
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+ | ===== 5 ===== | ||
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+ | **On the other side, the WAN side of the router, the address is the IP address your Internet Service Provider gave you, either by means of a fixed or a DHCP address. | ||
Using DHCP (on a private network) has the big advantage that you don't need to know anything about the network, or about somebody else's network, when you want to connect to it. It is not important which address you get, it is not important to know which addresses the network uses. Local networks can use one of a couple of address ranges, either the 192.168.x.x series or the 10.10.x.x series. Your device receives an IP address and that's it: you're connected. It is not important to know which address it is, what the gateway is—it all works automatically. | Using DHCP (on a private network) has the big advantage that you don't need to know anything about the network, or about somebody else's network, when you want to connect to it. It is not important which address you get, it is not important to know which addresses the network uses. Local networks can use one of a couple of address ranges, either the 192.168.x.x series or the 10.10.x.x series. Your device receives an IP address and that's it: you're connected. It is not important to know which address it is, what the gateway is—it all works automatically. | ||
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But what if you want to have the ease of use of the DHCP server, and still want a fixed address so you can use that address in scripts when connecting to that device? | But what if you want to have the ease of use of the DHCP server, and still want a fixed address so you can use that address in scripts when connecting to that device? | ||
- | There is a way, but it depends on your router whether it is possible to use it. | + | There is a way, but it depends on your router whether it is possible to use it.** |
- | Some routers can be told that when device X is trying to connect, it always gets the same address, no matter how few or how many devices are connected to the router already. | + | De l' |
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+ | Utiliser DHCP (sur un réseau privé) présente le gros avantage que vous n'avez pas à tout connaître du réseau, ou de celui de quelqu' | ||
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+ | Mais comment faire si vous voulez bénéficier de la facilité que procure l' | ||
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+ | Il existe un moyen, mais la possibilité de l' | ||
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+ | ===== 6 ===== | ||
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+ | **Some routers can be told that when device X is trying to connect, it always gets the same address, no matter how few or how many devices are connected to the router already. | ||
This is done by means of the MAC address. MAC stands for Media Access Control. See http:// | This is done by means of the MAC address. MAC stands for Media Access Control. See http:// | ||
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Now, how to use the MAC address? This depends on your router, if it is possible, and, if so, how to do that. | Now, how to use the MAC address? This depends on your router, if it is possible, and, if so, how to do that. | ||
- | My router, a Cisco Linksys E4200, has the ability of combining the MAC address of a connected device to a handed-out IP address. | + | My router, a Cisco Linksys E4200, has the ability of combining the MAC address of a connected device to a handed-out IP address.** |
- | In the Setup tab you find the settings for your Internet connection. As can be seen here, I have a DHCP address from my provider. This means, whenever the modem shuts down, I could get a different IP address from my ISP. Since we are connected 24/7 it will not happen frequently. | + | Certains routeurs peuvent être configurés de façon à ce que, quand le matériel X essaie de se connecter, il obtienne toujours la même adresse, quel que soit le nombre de dispositifs déjà connectés au routeur. |
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+ | Ceci est réalisé au moyen de l' | ||
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+ | L' | ||
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+ | Il n'y a pas deux puces/ | ||
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+ | Comment utiliser l' | ||
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+ | Mon routeur, un Linksys E4200 de Cisco, a la capacité de combiner l' | ||
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+ | ===== 7 ===== | ||
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+ | **In the Setup tab you find the settings for your Internet connection. As can be seen here, I have a DHCP address from my provider. This means, whenever the modem shuts down, I could get a different IP address from my ISP. Since we are connected 24/7 it will not happen frequently. | ||
Below that you see the local network setup. | Below that you see the local network setup. | ||
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DHCP Server is enabled, because I want to make it easy for devices to connect to the network. DHCP is using the addresses 192.168.1.100 – 192.168.1.199 (100 addresses, this should be enough for my wife and me). | DHCP Server is enabled, because I want to make it easy for devices to connect to the network. DHCP is using the addresses 192.168.1.100 – 192.168.1.199 (100 addresses, this should be enough for my wife and me). | ||
- | In this section of the setup, you find the button DHCP Reservation. This is the one to use if you want to combine DHCP with fixed addresses. | + | In this section of the setup, you find the button DHCP Reservation. This is the one to use if you want to combine DHCP with fixed addresses.** |
- | When clicking the button you will see the next picture, which is a part of the total screen which shows up. | + | Vous trouverez sous l' |
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+ | En dessous, vous voyez la configuration du réseau local. Le routeur possède l' | ||
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+ | Le serveur DHCP est activé, parce que je veux faciliter la connexion au réseau des appareils. Le serveur DHCP utilise les adresses 192.168.1.100 à 192.168.1.199 (100 adresses, ce qui devrait être suffisant pour ma femme et moi). | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dans cette section de l' | ||
+ | ===== 8 ===== | ||
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+ | **When clicking the button you will see the next picture, which is a part of the total screen which shows up. | ||
In here you see a table with connected devices, their assigned IP address, their MAC addresses and buttons to remove them from the list. | In here you see a table with connected devices, their assigned IP address, their MAC addresses and buttons to remove them from the list. | ||
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Reboot your device and check the IP address it received. It should match the entry in the table. | Reboot your device and check the IP address it received. It should match the entry in the table. | ||
- | Now you have the best of both worlds, and the ease of using a DHCP server, and the fact your devices always use the same fixed IP addresses. | + | Now you have the best of both worlds, and the ease of using a DHCP server, and the fact your devices always use the same fixed IP addresses.** |
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+ | En cliquant sur le bouton, vous verrez l' | ||
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+ | Ici vous voyez une tableau avec les périphériques connectés, leur adresse IP attribuée, leur adresse MAC et des boutons pour les retirer de la liste. | ||
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+ | Donnez à votre appareil un nom qui est facile à retenir, choisissez une adresse IP, trouvez l' | ||
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+ | Redémarrez votre appareil et vérifiez l' | ||
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issue72/network_settings.1368014392.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2013/05/08 13:59 de andre_domenech