issue86:inkscape
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Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue86:inkscape [2014/12/19 20:44] – d52fr | issue86:inkscape [2014/12/21 16:49] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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The Spray tool is activated by clicking on the toolbox icon or by pressing either the “A” key or SHIFT-F3. As usual, the tool control bar lets you modify the behaviour of the tool using buttons and sliders, the latter with right-click context menus that expose a sensible range of values and, perhaps more importantly, | The Spray tool is activated by clicking on the toolbox icon or by pressing either the “A” key or SHIFT-F3. As usual, the tool control bar lets you modify the behaviour of the tool using buttons and sliders, the latter with right-click context menus that expose a sensible range of values and, perhaps more importantly, | ||
- | L' | + | L' |
- | L' | + | |
+ | L' | ||
**To use the spray tool you first need an object to spray. I've used a simple leaf design for this example, made up of some paths grouped together. Next, you need to select your object using the select tool before switching to the Spray tool. With the first “Mode” button selected, and all the sliders at their default values, move the cursor into the canvas area, press and hold the left mouse button, and move the mouse around. Copies of your object should be sprayed onto the screen with random scale and rotation, which in my case produces a pile of leaves (with the original leaf on the left). | **To use the spray tool you first need an object to spray. I've used a simple leaf design for this example, made up of some paths grouped together. Next, you need to select your object using the select tool before switching to the Spray tool. With the first “Mode” button selected, and all the sliders at their default values, move the cursor into the canvas area, press and hold the left mouse button, and move the mouse around. Copies of your object should be sprayed onto the screen with random scale and rotation, which in my case produces a pile of leaves (with the original leaf on the left). | ||
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The important thing to note is that each leaf created by the Spray tool is an independent object that can be further manipulated. Don't like the position of one of the leaves? Move or delete it. If the size is wrong, scale it using the Select tool. Rotate it, change the fill and stroke colors, move it up or down in the Z-index, or group it with a few neighbours. All the Spray tool has done is the same job you could have completed by copying the original object then pasting it multiple times, with some simple adjustments to each one.** | The important thing to note is that each leaf created by the Spray tool is an independent object that can be further manipulated. Don't like the position of one of the leaves? Move or delete it. If the size is wrong, scale it using the Select tool. Rotate it, change the fill and stroke colors, move it up or down in the Z-index, or group it with a few neighbours. All the Spray tool has done is the same job you could have completed by copying the original object then pasting it multiple times, with some simple adjustments to each one.** | ||
- | Pour utiliser l' | + | Pour utiliser l' |
- | Avec le premier bouton Mode sélectionné et toutes les réglettes à leur valeur par défaut, | + | |
- | Tournez-la, changez les couleurs | + | Il est important de noter que chaque feuille créée par l' |
**If the Spray tool is just a fancy way of doing a quick copy and paste job, what happens when you have more than one object selected? In this example I've manually made two copies of the leaf design and changed the colors. Then I've selected all three and switched to the Spray tool, using the same parameters as before. | **If the Spray tool is just a fancy way of doing a quick copy and paste job, what happens when you have more than one object selected? In this example I've manually made two copies of the leaf design and changed the colors. Then I've selected all three and switched to the Spray tool, using the same parameters as before. | ||
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You could probably have guessed that I would get all three leaves sprayed onto the canvas, but look at their relative positions and rotations: each of them is sprayed independently of the others. The original trilogy forms a line with all the stalks pointing in the same direction, but the sprayed result doesn' | You could probably have guessed that I would get all three leaves sprayed onto the canvas, but look at their relative positions and rotations: each of them is sprayed independently of the others. The original trilogy forms a line with all the stalks pointing in the same direction, but the sprayed result doesn' | ||
- | Si l' | + | Si l' |
- | Sans doute aviez-vous déjà deviné que les trois feuilles | + | |
- | De cette manière, l' | + | Sans doute aviez-vous déjà deviné que les trois feuilles |
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+ | De cette manière, l' | ||
**Now that you've got the basics of the tool, let's look at the controls that are available and the effect that each of them has. Starting at the left, the Mode buttons are arguably the most important as they dictate the way in which your final result is actually structured – whether you'll end up with real objects, clones, or a single complex path. | **Now that you've got the basics of the tool, let's look at the controls that are available and the effect that each of them has. Starting at the left, the Mode buttons are arguably the most important as they dictate the way in which your final result is actually structured – whether you'll end up with real objects, clones, or a single complex path. | ||
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One of those words, “Clones”, | One of those words, “Clones”, | ||
- | Maintenant que vous connaissez les bases du maniement de l' | + | Maintenant que vous connaissez les bases du maniement de l' |
- | Un de ces mots, « Clones », est nouveau dans cette série et c'est un sujet que j' | + | |
+ | Un de ces mots, « Clones », est nouveau dans cette série et c'est un sujet que j' | ||
**When to create clones and when to create copies is sometimes hard to judge. As a general rule of thumb, though, it's usually safer to create clones as they can subsequently be converted into real copies by selecting them and then using the Edit > Clone > Unlink Clone menu entry, whereas you can't convert in the opposite direction. In that same menu, the Select Original item will select the original “parent” object for the currently active clone – a trick that can be invaluable when your pile of leaves grows large enough to obscure the originals. | **When to create clones and when to create copies is sometimes hard to judge. As a general rule of thumb, though, it's usually safer to create clones as they can subsequently be converted into real copies by selecting them and then using the Edit > Clone > Unlink Clone menu entry, whereas you can't convert in the opposite direction. In that same menu, the Select Original item will select the original “parent” object for the currently active clone – a trick that can be invaluable when your pile of leaves grows large enough to obscure the originals. | ||
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The third Mode button works only when the object you're spraying is a single path. Instead of creating separate objects or clones, it adds each sprayed item as part of a single complex path. In this image, the red stars have been created as clones of the original, whereas the green stars have been created using this “Path” mode. As you can see, the areas where sprayed objects overlap differs considerably, | The third Mode button works only when the object you're spraying is a single path. Instead of creating separate objects or clones, it adds each sprayed item as part of a single complex path. In this image, the red stars have been created as clones of the original, whereas the green stars have been created using this “Path” mode. As you can see, the areas where sprayed objects overlap differs considerably, | ||
- | Quand créer des clones et quand créer des copies, c'est parfois difficile à déterminer. En règle générale, toutefois, c'est plus sûr de créer des clones parce qu'il peuvent être par la suite convertis en copies indépendantes en les sélectionnant et en utilisant le menu Editer > Clone > Délier clone, alors que c'est impossible de faire l' | + | Quand créer des clones et quand créer des copies est parfois difficile à savoir. En règle générale, toutefois, c'est plus sûr de créer des clones parce qu'ils peuvent être par la suite convertis en copies indépendantes en les sélectionnant et en utilisant le menu Editer > Cloner |
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+ | Le troisième bouton Mode sert seulement si l' | ||
**Having discussed the Mode buttons, it's time to move on to the remaining controls on the tool control bar. With the exception of one misplaced button, these are all sliders which run up to 100 and down to 1 or 0, depending on the control. | **Having discussed the Mode buttons, it's time to move on to the remaining controls on the tool control bar. With the exception of one misplaced button, these are all sliders which run up to 100 and down to 1 or 0, depending on the control. | ||
The first slider, Width, simply alters the size of the spray area. This value is reflected in the size of the orange circle that surrounds the cursor when it's in the canvas area. You can think of this circle as containing all the possible locations that could be used to place the center of the sprayed shape. Keeping it small lets you constrain the spray close to the cursor, whereas a large value places the objects over a wider area that is just centered on the cursor.** | The first slider, Width, simply alters the size of the spray area. This value is reflected in the size of the orange circle that surrounds the cursor when it's in the canvas area. You can think of this circle as containing all the possible locations that could be used to place the center of the sprayed shape. Keeping it small lets you constrain the spray close to the cursor, whereas a large value places the objects over a wider area that is just centered on the cursor.** | ||
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+ | Maintenant que nous avons discuté des boutons Mode, le moment est venu de vous présenter les contrôles restants sur la barre de contrôle d' | ||
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+ | La première réglette, Épaisseur, modifie simplement la taille de la zone de pulvérisation. Cette valeur détermine la taille du cercle orange qui entoure le curseur quand il est sur le canevas. Vous pouvez voir ce cercle comme la zone contenant tous les lieux où pourrait être placé le centre de l' | ||
**The next slider, Amount, is used to adjust the “speed” of your spray can, or the number of objects that are created over a particular period. The button to the left can be used to set whether or not the Amount value is affected by the pressure of the stylus on a pressure-sensitive graphics tablet. You may recall similar buttons from the Calligraphy tool (see Part 18 of this series) and Tweak tool (Part 23), but in both those cases the button is positioned to the right of the slider it controls, rather than the left. This inconsistency in UI is likely just an oversight, but if you do use a graphics tablet, it's worth checking the tooltips for these buttons to confirm exactly which controls they affect. | **The next slider, Amount, is used to adjust the “speed” of your spray can, or the number of objects that are created over a particular period. The button to the left can be used to set whether or not the Amount value is affected by the pressure of the stylus on a pressure-sensitive graphics tablet. You may recall similar buttons from the Calligraphy tool (see Part 18 of this series) and Tweak tool (Part 23), but in both those cases the button is positioned to the right of the slider it controls, rather than the left. This inconsistency in UI is likely just an oversight, but if you do use a graphics tablet, it's worth checking the tooltips for these buttons to confirm exactly which controls they affect. | ||
The Rotation and Scale controls are pretty obvious. Just be aware that the values of the sliders use an arbitrary scale running from 0 to 100, rather than just showing the real numbers they represent: for Rotation, the slider sets the maximum amount that each copy can be rotated from the original, with 100 meaning plus or minus 180°; for Scale, a value of 100 means that the sprayed copies can be up to twice the size of the original. By setting both these to zero your copies will all be identical to one another – and to the original object, too. It's a quick and easy way to turn our simple leaves into a cartoon forest.** | The Rotation and Scale controls are pretty obvious. Just be aware that the values of the sliders use an arbitrary scale running from 0 to 100, rather than just showing the real numbers they represent: for Rotation, the slider sets the maximum amount that each copy can be rotated from the original, with 100 meaning plus or minus 180°; for Scale, a value of 100 means that the sprayed copies can be up to twice the size of the original. By setting both these to zero your copies will all be identical to one another – and to the original object, too. It's a quick and easy way to turn our simple leaves into a cartoon forest.** | ||
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+ | La réglette suivante, Quantité, sert à ajuster la « vitesse » de votre aérosol ou le nombre d' | ||
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+ | Les contrôles Rotation et Échelle sont tout à fait évidents. Notez cependant que ces réglettes utilisent une échelle arbitraire de 0 à 100 plutôt que les valeurs réelles qu' | ||
**The final two sliders affect how the sprayed objects are distributed over the available area. Their effects are most visible when the Width slider is quite large. Think of the Spray tool as placing copies of your object onto a circle: the Focus slider determines the size of the circle, and the Scatter slider determines how close to the circle each copy is placed. | **The final two sliders affect how the sprayed objects are distributed over the available area. Their effects are most visible when the Width slider is quite large. Think of the Spray tool as placing copies of your object onto a circle: the Focus slider determines the size of the circle, and the Scatter slider determines how close to the circle each copy is placed. | ||
Keeping the Scatter value low, it's easy to see the effect of the Focus slider. Setting it to 0 will keep all the copies in a tight circle under the cursor, regardless of the Width value. Putting it all the way to 100 will draw the objects around the periphery of the spray area, creating a ring of copies whose size is determined by the Width parameter. In this example, I've sprayed the same spot, with Scatter=0 but with different Focus values: the blue stars with Focus=0, green with Focus=20 and red with Focus=100.** | Keeping the Scatter value low, it's easy to see the effect of the Focus slider. Setting it to 0 will keep all the copies in a tight circle under the cursor, regardless of the Width value. Putting it all the way to 100 will draw the objects around the periphery of the spray area, creating a ring of copies whose size is determined by the Width parameter. In this example, I've sprayed the same spot, with Scatter=0 but with different Focus values: the blue stars with Focus=0, green with Focus=20 and red with Focus=100.** | ||
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+ | Les deux dernières réglettes déterminent la distribution des objets pulvérisés sur la surface disponible. Leurs effets sont d' | ||
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+ | En gardant Dispersion à une faible valeur, il est facile de voir l' | ||
**With the Scatter control set to zero, the copies are placed very near to the circle that the Width and Focus controls define. Increasing the Scatter allows the copies to be placed further away from that ring – although they' | **With the Scatter control set to zero, the copies are placed very near to the circle that the Width and Focus controls define. Increasing the Scatter allows the copies to be placed further away from that ring – although they' | ||
The Spray tool can be very useful for creating a random distribution of objects or, by constraining some of the values, a decorative path or outline. It's a shame that it's not possible to control more of the parameters using pressure or tilt on a graphics tablet. It's also unfortunate that the tool doesn' | The Spray tool can be very useful for creating a random distribution of objects or, by constraining some of the values, a decorative path or outline. It's a shame that it's not possible to control more of the parameters using pressure or tilt on a graphics tablet. It's also unfortunate that the tool doesn' | ||
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+ | Quand le contrôle Dispersion est à zéro, les copies sont placées très près du cercle qui a les valeurs définies avec Épaisseur et Rayon. En augmentant Dispersion, les copies sont placées plus loin du cercle, mais comme elles sont toujours positionnées aléatoirement, | ||
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+ | L' | ||
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issue86/inkscape.1419018278.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2014/12/19 20:44 de d52fr