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Imagine a scientist, let's call him Doc Brown, who has just written a manuscript for a book describing his new theory on time travel. The manuscript is a few hundred pages long. He has broken it down into chapters and sections, but he needed to add a table of contents and an index that the other scientists, who will praise and adore his work, can use to navigate his book with ease. Luckily, he knew about LibreOffice and how to use Writer's indexes and tables tools to create a table of contents and an index. Let's see how he did it.
Imaginez un scientifique, disons qu'il s'appelle Docteur Brown, qui est en train d'écrire le manuscrit d'un livre décrivant une nouvelle théorie sur le voyage dans le temps. Le manuscrit est long d'environ 100 pages. Il est réparti en chapitres mais il a besoin d'une table des matières et d'un index pour que les autres scientifiques, qui loueront et adoreront son travail, puissent naviguer facilement dans son ouvrage. Heureusement, il connaît LibreOffice et sait comment utiliser les outils d'index et de tables de Writer pour créer une table des matières et un index. Voyons comment il s'y prend.
Setting Up the Styles In many of my articles, I have emphasized the importance of using styles, but just in case you haven't got the message yet, “Using styles is the best way to save time and create uniformity in your documents.” Luckily, Doc Brown knew the importance of using styles, and he used styles to help simplify the creation of his table of contents. These are the heading styles “Heading 1[…10].” He could edit the styles in any way he wanted for appearance, but we are interested in how he used them in the overall outline of the document. To set up the overall outline of his document, Doc Brown opened the “Outline Numbering” dialog, Tools > Outline Numbering. Selecting each of the different levels, he noticed that each one was already assigned to a heading styles in order from 1 to 10.
Préparer les Styles
Dans beaucoup de mes ouvrages, j'insiste sur l'importance d'utiliser les styles, donc juste au cas où vous n'auriez pas encore reçu le message « l'utilisation des styles est la meilleure façon de gagner du temps et d'uniformiser la présentation de vos documents ». Heureusement, Dr Brown sait qu'il est important d'utiliser les styles, et il les utilise pour simplifier la création de sa table des matières. Il y a les styles de titres « Heading 1[…10]).» Il pourrait éditer les styles pour obtenir l'apparence qu'il souhaite, mais nous sommes intéressés pour savoir comment il les utilise dans la structure générale du document. Pour préparer la structure générale de ce document, Dr Brown a ouvert la boîte de dialogue « Numérotation des chapitres », Outils > Numérotation des chapitres. En sélectionnant chacun des niveaux différents, il a noté que chacun d'eux est assigné à un style de titre, ordonnés de 1 à 10.
Working with these defaults he selected level 1 with the paragraph style “Heading 1” assigned as its style. For the “Number” setting, he selected “1, 2, 3,…” For the “Before”, he entered “Chapter ” (note the space), and for the “After”, he entered a colon “:”. Using this method, each “Heading 1” inserted into the document would have the format of “Chapter N: Title”, where N is the chapter number. Doc Brown has also decided that the second and third levels needed a numbering scheme of 1.1 for the second level and 1.1.1 for the third level. On the second level, he changed “Number” to “1, 2, 3, …”, set “Show sublevels” to 2, and added a period and space to “After.” For the third level, he set “Number” to “1, 2, 3, …”, set “Show sublevels” to 3, and added a period and space to “After.” With all the styles set, Doc Brown went to work on his document. He used “Heading 1” for all the chapter headings, and “Heading 2” and “Heading 3” for the subheadings within the chapters. Because he took the time to set up his styles, he could easily create his table of contents once his document was finished.
Gardant ces valeurs par défaut, il choisis le niveau 1 associé au style de paragraphe « Titre 1 ». Pour le paramètre Numéro, il choisis « 1, 2, 3, … ». Pour « Avant », il a entré « Chapitre » (notez l'espace), et pour « Après », il a saisis le caractère « : » (2 points). De cette façon, chaque « Titre 1 » inséré dans le document prendrait le format de « Chapitre N : Titre“, où N est le numéro du chapitre. Dr Brown décida aussi que le deuxième et le troisième niveaux auront un format de numérotation « 1.1 » pour le deuxième niveau et « 1.1.1 » pour le troisième. Pour le second niveau, il choisit 1.2.3 pour « Numéro », mit « Montrer les sous-niveaux » à 2 et saisit un point et un espace pour « Après ». Pour le troisième niveau, il choisit 1.2.3 pour « Numéro », mit « Montrer les sous-niveaux » à 3 et saisit un point et un espace pour « Après ». Avec tous ces styles initialisés, Dr Brown se mit à son document. Il utilisa « Titre 1 » pour toutes les entêtes de chapitre et Titre 2 et Titre 3 pour les sous-titres dans les chapitres. Parce que il a pris le temps de préparer ses styles, il pourra facilement créer sa table des matières une fois son document terminé.
Create the Table of Contents With the writing all done, Doc Brown was ready to create his table of contents. Placing the cursor below the last line of the title page, he decided the table of contents should start on a new page. Insert > Manual Break brought up the “Insert Break” dialog. He selected “Page Break” and clicked OK. The cursor moved to the start of a new page. Now, to create the table of contents. Insert > Indexes and Tables > Indexes and Tables. The “Insert Index/Table” dialog appeared. He changed “Title” to “Regarding the Mathematics of Time Travel.” For the “Type”, he made sure that “Table of Contents” was selected. The “Create Table/Index for” gave him two options: “Entire Document” or “Chapter.” If he wanted, he could have placed a table of contents at the beginning of each chapter by inserting a table of contents after the chapter headings and selecting “Chapter” for the “Create Table/Index for.” However, he was creating the table of contents for the whole book, so he selected “Entire Document.”
Créer une table des matières
Une fois que tout le travail d'écriture est fait, Dr Brown était prêt pour crée sa table des matières. En positionnant son curseur à la dernière ligne de la page de titre, il a décidé que la table des matières commencerait sur une nouvelle page. Insertion > Saut manuel… ouvre la fenêtre de dialogue Insérer un saut. Il sélectionna « Saut de page » et cliqua sur OK. Le curseur se trouvait maintenant au début de la nouvelle page.
Maintenant, pour créer une table des matières. Insertion > Index et tables > Index et tables… La boîte de dialogue Insérer un index/une table s'est ouverte.Il modifia « Titre » en « Traité de mathématiques pour le voyage dans le temps ». Pour le « Type », il vérifia que « Table des matières » était sélectionné. Pour le paramètre « Créer un index/table pour » il avait 2 options : « Document entier » ou « Chapitre ». S'il l'avait voulu, il aurait pu placé une table des matières au début de chaque chapitre, avec l'insertion de la table des matières après l'entête du chapitre, en faisant le choix de « Chapitre » Créer un index/table pour ». Mais il a choisi de créer la table des matières pour tout l'ouvrage, en sélectionnant « Document entier ».
Finally, he had the “Evaluate up to level” option. Here he selected the depth of his table of contents. If he changed this to 1, only the chapter titles would show. He could then create a table of contents for each chapter to show the subheadings. In the end, he decided to show 3 heading levels in the table of contents and set this option to 3. Doc Brown clicked OK, and the table of contents was created. Without any editing, the page numbers for the first three levels were added to the table of contents. Each new level was indented just a little to show that it was a lower level. Each title in the table of contents was a link to the heading in the document. This became handy when he converted the document to PDF and Ebook. He could have left his table of contents like this and it would have worked great, but he decided it needs just a few more added touches.
Edit the Table of Contents Styles To change the appearance of the different levels in the table of contents itself, Doc Brown would need to edit the “Contents 1[…10]” styles. There was also the “Contents Heading” style which was used to style the table of contents title. Doc Brown wanted the title centered, enlarged, and bold. He opened the “Styles and Formatting” dialog through the new sidebar (no longer experimental in version 4.2). He could also open the “Styles and Formatting” dialog by clicking on its button in the “Formatting” toolbar, or through the menus, Format > Styles and Formatting. He right-clicked the “Content Heading” style and selected “Modify”. On the “Font” tab, he selected bold and set the size to 20pt. He switched to the “Align” tab and selected “Center.” He clicked OK to save his changes. Since Doc Brown was only including the first three levels, he only needed to change the paragraph styles “Contents 1”, “Contents 2”, and “Contents 3.” The first level he wanted a little bigger and bold, since these were the chapter titles. He modified the “Contents 1” style by selecting bold and changing the size to 16pt on the “Font” tab. To distinguish the second level from the third, he set the second to bold but left the size at the default. For the third, he changed the font to italic but left the size at the default. Doc Brown saved his document with its newly formatted table of contents. He was now one step closer to publishing his book and becoming world famous. He smiled as he imagined the raving peer reviews it would receive, but wait… what about the alphabetical index?
Create the Index Entries In a book of such scientific importance, an index at the end would help researchers find a reference to certain scientific knowledge contained in the book. With the final edit completed, Doc Brown began reading through his manuscript to determine which words he would need to include in the index. Before he created the index itself, he needed to create the index entries for the words he decided to include in the index. To get started, he selected the first word he wanted indexed; then from the menus, he selected Insert > Indexes and Tables > Entry. The “Insert Index Entry” dialog appeared. He left the “Index” at the default, “Alphabetical Index.” If he had planned to create a custom index, he would create one using the button beside the dropdown list. “Entry” is the word or phrase for the index, and it doesn't necessarily have to appear the same as in the manuscript. For example, he changed the term “supplementary angle” to “angle, supplementary”in the index. Even though the order of the words has changed, it continues to refer to the same place in the manuscript.
Writer allows for two levels of “Keys” or categories for grouping indexes together. For example, Doc Brown decided that all indexes concerning angles should appear together in the index, as well as the different operators used. For the angle entries, he entered “angle” in “Key 1”, and for the operator entries, he entered “operators” in “Key 1.” Though he only created one key level in each case, he could have created two by entering a second value in “Key 2”. Whenever he was on the page where the main text for a topic appeared, he would check “Main Entry.” This makes the page number appear in bold numerals for that entry by default. (You can change the appearance of the main entry page number by editing the character style “Main index entry.”) Doc Brown checked the entry “Apply to all similar text” as this creates an entry for every time the word or phrase appears in the manuscript. He left “match case” unchecked, as sometimes the word or phrase appears in a different case. He checked “Whole words only” as he does not want variations to the word or phrase indexed. Once finished with a word, Doc Brown clicked “Insert.” Leaving the dialog open, he selected the next word or phrase in his document. When he clicked on the dialog, the new word or phrase appeared in the dialog's “Entry” field. He made the changes needed for this entry and clicked “Insert.” This ability to switch between the dialog and the manuscript makes creating the index entries quicker than if he had to open the dialog each time.
Creating the Index Once Doc Brown completed creating his index entries, he was ready to create the actual index. He went to the last page of his manuscript, and deciding the index should start on a new page, inserted a page break (Insert > Manual Break; select “Page Break”; click OK). Insert > Indexes and Tables > Indexes and Tables, brought up the “Insert Index/Table” dialog. On the “Index/Table” tab, he selected “Alphabetical Index” for the “Type”, changed the “Title” to “Index”, and unchecked all entries except “Combine identical entries.” This prevents the index from creating separate entries because of upper or lower case.
Doc Brown decided that the index should have two columns to conserve some space. On the “Columns” tab, he changed the number of columns to 2. To create some space between the two columns, he changed the spacing to 0.20'' (0.50cm). Satisfied the index was set up the way he wanted it, he clicked on OK. The index then appeared on the page the way he formatted it. Now, Doc Brown's manuscript was ready for publication. He began to dream of the raving peer reviews he would receive. Thanks to LibreOffice, he was able to add his table of contents and index rather quickly.