issue122:inkscape
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue122:inkscape [2017/07/04 15:36] – créée auntiee | issue122:inkscape [2017/07/14 15:57] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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- | One area of functionality that has received a huge boost in 0.91 and 0.92 is finding and selecting objects. There are many situations in which you may need to find similar, or identical objects in a busy drawing, perhaps to delete or change them all at once. In previous versions, this was a chore, especially if you had to make the same selection multiple times. So let’s look at the various ways in which recent releases make this easier. I’m going to use this contrived grid of objects to give you a feel for how the new tools operate: | + | **One area of functionality that has received a huge boost in 0.91 and 0.92 is finding and selecting objects. There are many situations in which you may need to find similar, or identical objects in a busy drawing, perhaps to delete or change them all at once. In previous versions, this was a chore, especially if you had to make the same selection multiple times. So let’s look at the various ways in which recent releases make this easier. I’m going to use this contrived grid of objects to give you a feel for how the new tools operate: |
The first few items all live under the Edit > Select Same submenu, and offer several different ways to select all items which share a particular visual style. To use any of them, you must first select one or more objects whose close relatives you wish to also select. As a first example, if I select the teal square at the top left of my grid, then use Edit > Select Same > Object Type, all the other squares are selected. In my image I’ve given the selected items a gold colored background to make them stand out a little better, but you won’t see that in normal use. | The first few items all live under the Edit > Select Same submenu, and offer several different ways to select all items which share a particular visual style. To use any of them, you must first select one or more objects whose close relatives you wish to also select. As a first example, if I select the teal square at the top left of my grid, then use Edit > Select Same > Object Type, all the other squares are selected. In my image I’ve given the selected items a gold colored background to make them stand out a little better, but you won’t see that in normal use. | ||
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One important thing to note is that selecting the same “object type” purely refers to the type of underlying Inkscape object – so squares and rectangles, or circles and ellipses, are considered equivalent. You can see this effect if I select the green star on the top line, then use Select Same > Object Type. Not only are the stars selected, but so are the triangles, as they were all created using the ‘star’ tool. | One important thing to note is that selecting the same “object type” purely refers to the type of underlying Inkscape object – so squares and rectangles, or circles and ellipses, are considered equivalent. You can see this effect if I select the green star on the top line, then use Select Same > Object Type. Not only are the stars selected, but so are the triangles, as they were all created using the ‘star’ tool. | ||
- | Frustratingly, | + | Frustratingly, |
- | Select Same > Fill Color has no such problem: if I have both the teal square and the green star selected, then all the objects with a teal or green fill will be selected by the command. | + | Une partie fonctionnelle qui a reçu une forte poussée dans les 0.91 et 0.92 est la recherche et la sélection d' |
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+ | Les premiers éléments se trouvent tous dans le sous-menu Éditer > Sélectionner même, qui offre plusieurs façons différentes de sélectionner tous les éléments qui partagent un même style visuel précis. Pour utiliser n' | ||
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+ | Une chose importante à noter est que sélectionner le même « type d' | ||
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+ | C'est frustrant ; l' | ||
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+ | **Select Same > Fill Color has no such problem: if I have both the teal square and the green star selected, then all the objects with a teal or green fill will be selected by the command. | ||
Note, however, that selecting by color is extremely specific: it will only select items whose fill color is absolutely identical to your starting object. There’s no way to set a threshold, in order to select all the items with approximately the same shade of green, for example. | Note, however, that selecting by color is extremely specific: it will only select items whose fill color is absolutely identical to your starting object. There’s no way to set a threshold, in order to select all the items with approximately the same shade of green, for example. | ||
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The counterpoint to selecting by stroke color is to select by Stroke Style. This matches objects only if they have the same stroke thickness and dashes – including the same dash offset, which seems a little strict, in my opinion. Stroke color, line caps, join type and markers don’t seem to have an effect, whereas the mitre limit does. The choice of what properties do and don’t contribute to a “matching” line style seem rather arbitrary and counter-intuitive, | The counterpoint to selecting by stroke color is to select by Stroke Style. This matches objects only if they have the same stroke thickness and dashes – including the same dash offset, which seems a little strict, in my opinion. Stroke color, line caps, join type and markers don’t seem to have an effect, whereas the mitre limit does. The choice of what properties do and don’t contribute to a “matching” line style seem rather arbitrary and counter-intuitive, | ||
- | Even more limiting, however, is the Select Same > Fill and Stroke menu entry. This will match items only with an identical stroke, but where both the fill and stroke colors also match. It’s the digital equivalent of a club doorman not only refusing entry for wearing sneakers, but actually only allowing entry to people with exactly the same shoes as him, in the same color and style – and only then if they’re also the same size. | + | Even more limiting, however, is the Select Same > Fill and Stroke menu entry. This will match items only with an identical stroke, but where both the fill and stroke colors also match. It’s the digital equivalent of a club doorman not only refusing entry for wearing sneakers, but actually only allowing entry to people with exactly the same shoes as him, in the same color and style – and only then if they’re also the same size.** |
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+ | Sélectionnez même > Couleur de remplissage n'a pas un tel problème : si je sélectionne ensemble le carré sarcelle et l' | ||
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+ | Notez, cependant, que la sélection par la couleur est extrêmement particulière : elle ne sélectionnera que les objets dont la couleur de remplissage est absolument identique à celle de l' | ||
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+ | Il y a aussi une option Sélectionner même > Couleur du contour, qui fait la même chose, avec les mêmes exigences de précision dans la correspondance, | ||
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+ | Le contraire de la sélection par la couleur du contour est la sélection par Style du contour. Les objets correspondront seulement s'ils ont les mêmes épaisseur et pointillé - y compris le même décalage de pointillé, ce qui paraît un peu strict, à mon avis. La couleur du contour, les embouts de ligne, le type de liaison et les marqueurs ne semblent avoir aucun effet, alors que la surface de séparation en a. Le choix de propriétés qui contribuent ou non à une correspondance de style de ligne semble plutôt arbitraire et non intuitive, ce qui pourrait limiter l' | ||
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+ | Cependant, l' | ||
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+ | **The next tool we’ll look at this month is the recently souped-up Find/ | ||
- | The next tool we’ll look at this month is the recently souped-up Find/ | ||
<text id=" | <text id=" | ||
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XML represents a tree structure in text. Here you can see that we have an opening <text …> element, which gets closed by the </ | XML represents a tree structure in text. Here you can see that we have an opening <text …> element, which gets closed by the </ | ||
- | With that information in mind, let’s take a look at the Find/ | + | With that information in mind, let’s take a look at the Find/ |
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+ | L' | ||
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+ | <text id=" | ||
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+ | <tspan | ||
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+ | id=" | ||
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+ | style=" | ||
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+ | font-weight: | ||
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+ | font-family: | ||
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+ | -inkscape-font-specification:' | ||
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+ | fill:# | ||
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+ | x=" | ||
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+ | Voici un petit texte | ||
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+ | </ | ||
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+ | </ | ||
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+ | XML représente une structure arborescente de texte. Ici, vous pouvez voir que nous avons un élément d' | ||
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+ | Avec ces informations en mémoire, regardons le dialogue Rechercher/ | ||
- | As you might expect from a Find/ | + | **As you might expect from a Find/ |
Assuming the more common case, where a search string is entered, the ‘Search in’ radio buttons determine whether the XML text nodes will be searched, or the attributes on the element nodes (though the latter is labelled as ‘Properties’ in the Inkscape UI). Use the former to search and replace text content – handy if you’re using Inkscape as a poor-man’s desktop publishing program (though I do recommend that you learn how to use Scribus if you need to do any significant text layout work). Use the ‘Scope’ buttons, and the checkboxes in the ‘General’ section to limit your search a little, if necessary. | Assuming the more common case, where a search string is entered, the ‘Search in’ radio buttons determine whether the XML text nodes will be searched, or the attributes on the element nodes (though the latter is labelled as ‘Properties’ in the Inkscape UI). Use the former to search and replace text content – handy if you’re using Inkscape as a poor-man’s desktop publishing program (though I do recommend that you learn how to use Scribus if you need to do any significant text layout work). Use the ‘Scope’ buttons, and the checkboxes in the ‘General’ section to limit your search a little, if necessary. | ||
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• Attribute Value – Search within the values of attributes. This includes searching the values of id and style attributes, even if the earlier checkboxes are blank. | • Attribute Value – Search within the values of attributes. This includes searching the values of id and style attributes, even if the earlier checkboxes are blank. | ||
- | • Attribute Name – Search for elements with a particular attribute name. Not as useful as searching for values. | + | • Attribute Name – Search for elements with a particular attribute name. Not as useful as searching for values.** |
- | Usually, searching for an attribute value is sufficient. It will find matching IDs, styles and font names, without you having to understand how they’re stored in the XML. Only if it finds too much, is it worth switching to search only IDs or styles. Searching for attribute names is never really necessary for normal users, but might have its place if you’re using Inkscape to work on graphics for a web application that carry additional custom metadata. | + | Comme vous pouvez l' |
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+ | En prenant le cas le plus classique, où une chaîne à rechercher est saisie, les boutons radio « Rechercher dans » détermine qui, des nœuds de texte du XML ou des attributs des nœuds d' | ||
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+ | En basculant sur « Propriétés » dans le contrôle « Rechercher dans », vous disposerez d'une plus grande chance de succès, si vous êtes suffisamment à l'aise avec les entrailles d'un fichier SVG pour savoir quoi chercher. Par « Propriétés », comprenez attributs et valeurs d' | ||
+ | • ID – Recherche uniquement sur la valeur des attributs « id ». | ||
+ | • Style – Recherche les propriétés de CSS et les valeurs de CSS dans la partie valeur des attributs « style ». | ||
+ | • Police – Je suppose que ceci recherche uniquement des noms de polices de CSS, mais j'ai été incapable de le faire marcher avec mon fichier de test. À la place, utilisez une recherche par le « Style ». | ||
+ | • Valeur d' | ||
+ | • Nom d' | ||
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+ | **Usually, searching for an attribute value is sufficient. It will find matching IDs, styles and font names, without you having to understand how they’re stored in the XML. Only if it finds too much, is it worth switching to search only IDs or styles. Searching for attribute names is never really necessary for normal users, but might have its place if you’re using Inkscape to work on graphics for a web application that carry additional custom metadata. | ||
There are a couple of things to beware of when using this dialog in ‘Properties’ mode, however. Firstly, it can end up selecting objects you didn’t expect. Consider an element with a red stroke; later you change the stroke width to zero, so it isn’t visible any longer. If you search for “# | There are a couple of things to beware of when using this dialog in ‘Properties’ mode, however. Firstly, it can end up selecting objects you didn’t expect. Consider an element with a red stroke; later you change the stroke width to zero, so it isn’t visible any longer. If you search for “# | ||
- | The second warning is with regard to the ‘replace’ field: performing a find and replace in text mode is generally safe; doing so in properties mode could have unforeseen results. Thankfully, Inkscape is sensible enough to stop you performing a replace operation if the ‘Attribute name’ checkbox is selected, but arbitrarily replacing strings within attribute values can be almost as destructive. It might seem safe enough to replace your black fills with white, by searching for “000000” and replacing it with “ffffff”, | + | The second warning is with regard to the ‘replace’ field: performing a find and replace in text mode is generally safe; doing so in properties mode could have unforeseen results. Thankfully, Inkscape is sensible enough to stop you performing a replace operation if the ‘Attribute name’ checkbox is selected, but arbitrarily replacing strings within attribute values can be almost as destructive. It might seem safe enough to replace your black fills with white, by searching for “000000” and replacing it with “ffffff”, |
- | Having used the previous tools to make a selection, Inkscape now also provides a way to save that selection for later use. The Object > Selection Sets… menu item opens a rather empty dialog for managing stored collections of selections: | + | Habituellement, |
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+ | Cependant, il faut faire attention à deux choses en utilisant ce dialogue dans le mode « Propriétés ». D' | ||
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+ | La seconde mise en garde est à propos du champ « Remplacer » : l' | ||
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+ | **Having used the previous tools to make a selection, Inkscape now also provides a way to save that selection for later use. The Object > Selection Sets… menu item opens a rather empty dialog for managing stored collections of selections: | ||
The most important thing to note about this dialog is that the “+” button at the bottom does not create a set containing your current selection. Instead it creates a new, empty selection set which has another “+” button next to it. Only when you click this other button will your selection be stored in the set. The same button can be used later to add another selection to any existing items in the set. | The most important thing to note about this dialog is that the “+” button at the bottom does not create a set containing your current selection. Instead it creates a new, empty selection set which has another “+” button next to it. Only when you click this other button will your selection be stored in the set. The same button can be used later to add another selection to any existing items in the set. | ||
- | If you click on the triangle next to a set, hoping to view the elements within it, you’ll quickly find that there’s a rather useless intermediate level, labelled “Items”, | + | If you click on the triangle next to a set, hoping to view the elements within it, you’ll quickly find that there’s a rather useless intermediate level, labelled “Items”, |
- | + | ||
- | Clicking on the cross next to an item in the list will remove it from the set. Clicking on a name in the list will select it, whereas clicking on the Set itself will select all the items in that set. Unfortunately, | + | Ayant utilisé les outils précédents pour faire une sélection, Inkscape fournit aussi maintenant une façon de sauvegarder cette sélection pour un usage ultérieur. La ligne de menu Objet > Ensembles de sélection... ouvre un dialogue plutôt vide pour gérer les collections de sélections enregistrées : |
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+ | La chose la plus importante à noter à propos de ce dialogue est que le bouton du bas « + » ne crée pas un ensemble contenant votre sélection courante. À la place, il crée un nouvel ensemble de sélection vide qui a un nouveau bouton « + » sur le côté. C'est seulement quand vous cliquez sur cet autre bouton que votre sélection est sauvegardée dans l' | ||
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+ | Si vous cliquez sur le triangle à côté d'un ensemble, espérant voir les éléments qui le compose, vous verrez rapidement qu'il y a un échelon intermédiaire plutôt inutile, marqué « éléments », que vous devez aussi développer. Si vous le faites, vous obtiendrez enfin une liste des objets de la sélection. | ||
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+ | **Clicking on the cross next to an item in the list will remove it from the set. Clicking on a name in the list will select it, whereas clicking on the Set itself will select all the items in that set. Unfortunately, | ||
Selection sets are preserved when you save a document, however they do get cleared when the Edit > Clean Up Document menu is used. Nevertheless, | Selection sets are preserved when you save a document, however they do get cleared when the Edit > Clean Up Document menu is used. Nevertheless, | ||
- | The new and extended selection tools in 0.92 are a welcome addition, especially when working with complex documents. They do have their limitations and idiosyncrasies, | + | The new and extended selection tools in 0.92 are a welcome addition, especially when working with complex documents. They do have their limitations and idiosyncrasies, |
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+ | Un clic sur la croix à côté d'un élément de la liste l' | ||
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+ | Les ensembles de sélections sont sauvegardés quand vous enregistrez votre document ; toutefois, ils seront effacés si vous utilisez le menu Fichier > Nettoyer le document. Néanmoins, ils ont leur utilité, par exemple, comme un autre moyen de contourner la restriction de la Sélection par type qui n' | ||
+ | Les nouveaux outils étendus de sélection dans la 0.92 sont un ajout bienvenu, surtout quand vous travaillez avec des documents complexes. Ils ont leurs limitations et leurs comportements surprenants, |
issue122/inkscape.1499175384.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2017/07/04 15:36 de auntiee