issue218:tutoriel1
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Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
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issue218:tutoriel1 [2025/06/14 16:01] – créée philou511 | issue218:tutoriel1 [2025/06/30 07:18] (Version actuelle) – d52fr | ||
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- | I recently read a book called Linux Unveiled, that only unveiled that the author, ‘Half-job Hussain’, had no idea how to show newbies around. I did like some of the book somewhat (very little), so I’ll be stealing some of that to do a proper job for our FCM newbies. (No, I will not be using anything from that horrible book). I’ll try to take a more hands-on approach, so I would ask you to keep your terminal emulators open and follow along, just to get the muscle-memory going. Now, obviously I cannot cover a whole book’s worth of stuff on here, but I’m thinking CPU, memory and disk here. This can then tie into some of the LPI stuff we are covering elsewhere. That means there will be homework, but I’ll keep it short. | + | **We chatted about the boot process in the last article, let’s quickly look at shutting down. On my virtual machines, I usually just click the big red “x” and choose “send the shutdown signal” hehehehehehe. However, when you remote |
- | We chatted about the boot process in the last article, let’s quickly look at shutting down. On my virtual machines, I usually | + | If you look at the man page for ‘poweroff’, you will also see the deprecated command ‘halt’. They did not used to be, but these days they are the same. I usually |
- | If you look at the man page for ‘poweroff’, | + | Nous avons évoqué le processus de démarrage dans le dernier article. Voyons maintenant comment l' |
- | (Ubuntu | + | Si vous consultez la page de manuel de « poweroff », |
- | You see, when you shut down or reboot, the system goes through a list of things to make sure that it does a clean shutdown, flushing caches, making sure processes exit cleanly, etcetera. If you yank out the power cord, this does not happen. | + | |
+ | **You see, when you shut down or reboot, the system goes through a list of things to make sure that it does a clean shutdown, flushing caches, making sure processes exit cleanly, etcetera. If you yank out the power cord, this does not happen. | ||
The same goes for the reboot command; on Ubuntu, it is instant, like ‘poweroff -r now’. (If you do not use ‘now’, the default is 60 seconds) | The same goes for the reboot command; on Ubuntu, it is instant, like ‘poweroff -r now’. (If you do not use ‘now’, the default is 60 seconds) | ||
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The ‘shutdown’ command is the one you should be using on Ubuntu. The shutdown command incorporates all the others with a hyphen/ | The ‘shutdown’ command is the one you should be using on Ubuntu. The shutdown command incorporates all the others with a hyphen/ | ||
- | My suggestion is to navigate to the man page, and try the options out for yourself, as they differ in different flavours and versions of Ubuntu. | + | My suggestion is to navigate to the man page, and try the options out for yourself, as they differ in different flavours and versions of Ubuntu. |
- | As to the time, you can set the time in minutes or use the twenty-four hour clock to set when you want the system to reboot. For example: shutdown -r 21:00 for it to reboot at 9pm. | + | En effet, lorsque vous arrêtez ou redémarrez un ordinateur, le système effectue une série d' |
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+ | Il en va de même pour la commande de redémarrage ; | ||
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+ | La commande « shutdown » est celle que vous devriez utiliser sous Ubuntu. Elle intègre toutes les autres commandes avec un trait d' | ||
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+ | Ma suggestion est de naviguer vers la page de manuel et d' | ||
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+ | **As to the time, you can set the time in minutes or use the twenty-four hour clock to set when you want the system to reboot. For example: shutdown -r 21:00 for it to reboot at 9pm. | ||
My poor cousin has a lot of power failures, and I have to help the man recover quite often, so I know all about repairing after a dirty shutdown. Proper power down is essential if you have low memory and use a swap-file, if you don’t you may end up with a corrupt system. Ubuntu has a rather nice rescue mode or recovery mode, whatever you want to call it. You can access it via the GRUB menu; if you look under “Advanced options” you should see an entry tagged with (recovery mode). When you click that you are taken to the magenta screen with options to repair your system, like: ‘make free space’. This may not always work, and you may need to boot from a live medium to actually make space. | My poor cousin has a lot of power failures, and I have to help the man recover quite often, so I know all about repairing after a dirty shutdown. Proper power down is essential if you have low memory and use a swap-file, if you don’t you may end up with a corrupt system. Ubuntu has a rather nice rescue mode or recovery mode, whatever you want to call it. You can access it via the GRUB menu; if you look under “Advanced options” you should see an entry tagged with (recovery mode). When you click that you are taken to the magenta screen with options to repair your system, like: ‘make free space’. This may not always work, and you may need to boot from a live medium to actually make space. | ||
- | Also be aware that while you are in recovery mode, it is a single user target and no-one else will be able to log in. It will also not respond to the shutdown signals, so you may need the ‘reboot’ command. Also some systems drop you to busybox, not bash, so you need to always check which commands are at your disposal. It’s a lot to remember, so make a note. :) | + | Also be aware that while you are in recovery mode, it is a single user target and no-one else will be able to log in. It will also not respond to the shutdown signals, so you may need the ‘reboot’ command. Also some systems drop you to busybox, not bash, so you need to always check which commands are at your disposal. It’s a lot to remember, so make a note. :)** |
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+ | Concernant l' | ||
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+ | Mon pauvre cousin subit souvent des pannes de courant, et je dois l' | ||
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+ | Sachez également qu'en mode de récupération, | ||
- | If you know you are in a bad power area, you should make sure your data is on another partition or drive. (Something I should have done for my cousin, but he had generators, etc, so I did not think it would be needed.) <insert clown face> | + | **If you know you are in a bad power area, you should make sure your data is on another partition or drive. (Something I should have done for my cousin, but he had generators, etc, so I did not think it would be needed.) <insert clown face> |
Since we covered booting and shutting down, maybe we should also look at startup applications. In vanilla Ubuntu, one can simply navigate to the startup applications program and have a look at what is starting when you log in. It is not as comprehensive as say XFCE, where you get to see items like bluetooth as well, but it is safe, as it only affects user applications, | Since we covered booting and shutting down, maybe we should also look at startup applications. In vanilla Ubuntu, one can simply navigate to the startup applications program and have a look at what is starting when you log in. It is not as comprehensive as say XFCE, where you get to see items like bluetooth as well, but it is safe, as it only affects user applications, | ||
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This is where gnome-tweaks comes in, allowing you further customization of startup items, but as both these applications cover only logged-on user applications, | This is where gnome-tweaks comes in, allowing you further customization of startup items, but as both these applications cover only logged-on user applications, | ||
- | So until next time... misc@fullcirclemagazine.org if you feel I missed something. | + | So until next time... misc@fullcirclemagazine.org if you feel I missed something.** |
+ | Si vous savez que vous êtes dans une zone de faible puissance, assurez-vous que vos données se trouvent sur une autre partition ou un autre disque. (J' | ||
+ | Puisque nous avons abordé le démarrage et l' | ||
+ | C'est là qu' | ||
+ | Alors, à la prochaine… misc@fullcirclemagazine.org si vous pensez que j'ai oublié quelque chose. | ||
issue218/tutoriel1.1749909701.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2025/06/14 16:01 de philou511