specialgimp:utilisation_de_gimp_-_p._4
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
specialgimp:utilisation_de_gimp_-_p._4 [2015/10/12 15:12] – créée andre_domenech | specialgimp:utilisation_de_gimp_-_p._4 [2015/10/30 09:16] (Version actuelle) – d52fr | ||
---|---|---|---|
Ligne 1: | Ligne 1: | ||
- | Using Gimp - Partie 4 | + | **This month, we will discuss probably the most powerful feature of GIMP: Layers. If you can grasp the concept of layers and work them to your advantage, you can create anything. |
- | + | ||
- | This month, we will discuss probably the most powerful feature of GIMP: Layers. If you can grasp the concept of layers and work them to your advantage, you can create anything. | + | |
First, let's make sure we have our layers window showing and ready to use. | First, let's make sure we have our layers window showing and ready to use. | ||
If you don't have the layers tab available to you, click File > Dialogs > Layers in the main menu. | If you don't have the layers tab available to you, click File > Dialogs > Layers in the main menu. | ||
- | Here's how layers work: think of each layer as a transparent sheet of plastic. The idea is that you draw all your different things on separate sheets of plastic then stack the plastic sheets in a particular order to achieve your result. Similar to how an animator works. The background is on one sheet, the character on another sheet and any foreground details on a third sheet. Stack them properly and you will have the character with the foreground on top of it. Same with GIMP layers. | + | Here's how layers work: think of each layer as a transparent sheet of plastic. The idea is that you draw all your different things on separate sheets of plastic then stack the plastic sheets in a particular order to achieve your result. Similar to how an animator works. The background is on one sheet, the character on another sheet and any foreground details on a third sheet. Stack them properly and you will have the character with the foreground on top of it. Same with GIMP layers.** |
- | If you open an image in GIMP, and display the Layers tab (or window), you will see that your image is displayed as a single layer with the name ' | + | |
+ | Ce mois-ci, nous allons aborder ce qui est probablement la plus puissante fonction de Gimp : les calques. | ||
+ | Commençons par nous assurer que la palette des calques est bien visible et prête à servir. | ||
+ | Si ce n'est pas le cas, allez dans le menu Fenêtres > Fenêtres ancrables > Calques. | ||
+ | Voici comment les calques fonctionnent : | ||
+ | |||
+ | **If you open an image in GIMP, and display the Layers tab (or window), you will see that your image is displayed as a single layer with the name ' | ||
Below the list of layers, you will see several icons. Think of these as shortcuts to menu options. | Below the list of layers, you will see several icons. Think of these as shortcuts to menu options. | ||
From left to right they are: Create New Layer, Raise Layer, Lower Layer, Duplicate Layer, Anchor Layer and Delete Layer. Those are pretty self explanatory. | From left to right they are: Create New Layer, Raise Layer, Lower Layer, Duplicate Layer, Anchor Layer and Delete Layer. Those are pretty self explanatory. | ||
- | Using the selection tools from last month' | + | Using the selection tools from last month' |
- | And from the menu choose Edit > Copy, then Edit > Paste | + | |
+ | Si vous ouvrez une image avec Gimp et affichez la palette des calques, vous verrez qu' | ||
+ | Sous la liste des calques, vous verrez différentes icônes. Ce sont des raccourcis vers des options du menu contextuel. | ||
+ | De gauche à droite, nous trouvons : Créer un nouveau calque, Créer un nouveau groupe de calques, Remonter le calque, Descendre le calque, Créer une copie du calque, Ancrer un calque flottant, Supprimer le calque. Les intitulés sont assez parlants. | ||
+ | Nous allons utiliser ce que nous avons appris sur les sélections le mois dernier et choisir l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **And from the menu choose Edit > Copy, then Edit > Paste | ||
You can see that I now have a new layer (named ' | You can see that I now have a new layer (named ' | ||
If I hide the original ' | If I hide the original ' | ||
- | TIP: You can copy from one image and paste in to another image. | + | TIP: You can copy from one image and paste in to another image.** |
- | Don't worry about the two-tone, chess-board pattern in the background. It's just there to signify complete transparency. | + | |
+ | Dans le menu choisissez Édition > Copier, puis Édition > Coller (Ctrl - C, Ctrl - V). | ||
+ | Nous avons maintenant un nouveau calque nommé « Sélection flottante », | ||
+ | Si vous cachez le calque « Arrière plan » d' | ||
+ | Astuce : le collage peut se faire sur une image différente de celle qui a servi au copier. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Don't worry about the two-tone, chess-board pattern in the background. It's just there to signify complete transparency. | ||
So now, with the planet selected, I'll click the Duplicate Layer icon to give me a second planet. To move the layers, you use the Move tool, select the layer you want to move, then click and drag it into place. I'll use some of our color altering techniques to change the color of one planet to make it easier for you to differentiate between the two planets. | So now, with the planet selected, I'll click the Duplicate Layer icon to give me a second planet. To move the layers, you use the Move tool, select the layer you want to move, then click and drag it into place. I'll use some of our color altering techniques to change the color of one planet to make it easier for you to differentiate between the two planets. | ||
- | TIP: If you have two images open, you can drag and drop layers between them! | + | TIP: If you have two images open, you can drag and drop layers between them!** |
- | Let's create a new blank layer. A new layer is created above the layer you are currently on, so I'm going to select my (hidden) Background layer and then click the New Layer icon. Up pops the New Layer window (above). | + | |
- | From top to bottom: We give the layer a name (preferably something descriptive! I'll call mine ' | + | Ne vous occupez pas du motif en échiquier à l' |
- | So now I have two planets out in space. I don't need the original image any more, so I select that layer and click the Delete Layer icon. | + | Avec la planète sélectionnée, |
+ | Astuce : si vous avez plusieurs images ouvertes, vous pouvez glisser-déposer un calque de l'une à l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Let's create a new blank layer. A new layer is created above the layer you are currently on, so I'm going to select my (hidden) Background layer and then click the New Layer icon. Up pops the New Layer window (above). | ||
+ | From top to bottom: We give the layer a name (preferably something descriptive! I'll call mine ' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Créons maintenant un calque vierge. Ce nouveau calque apparaîtra au-dessus du calque actif, nous allons donc sélectionner le calque Arrière-plan et cliquer sur l' | ||
+ | De haut en bas : nommons notre calque (de manière explicite de préférence ! J'ai appelé le mien « espace »). Pour l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **So now I have two planets out in space. I don't need the original image any more, so I select that layer and click the Delete Layer icon. | ||
So what if I wanted the orange planet in front of the blue planet? I click the orange planet layer, then click the Raise Layer icon. | So what if I wanted the orange planet in front of the blue planet? I click the orange planet layer, then click the Raise Layer icon. | ||
- | Think of your layers as going from bottom to top. So first, GIMP lays down the ' | + | Think of your layers as going from bottom to top. So first, GIMP lays down the ' |
- | When saving, you want to make sure you save your image in the GIMP format (XCF). The next time you load the image you will still have all the layers intact for manipulation. Saving as JPG or PNG will flatten the image and you will lose your layer information, | + | |
- | Many effects can be applied to layers to make them even more powerful. Try moving the Opacity slider (above the list of layers). | + | Nous avons maintenant deux planètes dans l' |
- | Each layer can have one ' | + | Bon, et si je veux que la planète orange éclipse la planète bleue ? Cliquez sur le calque qui contient la planète orange, puis sur l' |
+ | Rappelez-vous que vos calques sont empilés de bas en haut. Gimp commence donc par afficher le calque « Espace », | ||
+ | |||
+ | **When saving, you want to make sure you save your image in the GIMP format (XCF). The next time you load the image you will still have all the layers intact for manipulation. Saving as JPG or PNG will flatten the image and you will lose your layer information, | ||
+ | Many effects can be applied to layers to make them even more powerful. Try moving the Opacity slider (above the list of layers).** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Quand vous sauvegardez, | ||
+ | [NdT : avec la dernière version de Gimp, 2.8, on ne peut plus enregistrer sous un autre format que le format xcf. Pour stocker une image en tant que jpg, png ou autre, il vous faudra l' | ||
+ | De nombreux effets peuvent être appliqués aux calques pour les rendre encore plus puissants. Essayez par exemple de déplacer le curseur Opacité (au-dessus de la liste des calques). | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Each layer can have one ' | ||
Above is the basics of layers. No doubt, we'll talk more about them in future articles, but, for now, have a play with copying and pasting, raising and lowering layers, and moving them to create a pleasant composition. | Above is the basics of layers. No doubt, we'll talk more about them in future articles, but, for now, have a play with copying and pasting, raising and lowering layers, and moving them to create a pleasant composition. | ||
- | Next month, we'll delve in to measurements (and measurement types), rulers and cropping images. | + | Next month, we'll delve in to measurements (and measurement types), rulers and cropping |
+ | |||
+ | Chaque calque peut se voir appliquer un « mode » de superposition. Ils sont accessibles dans le menu déroulant au-dessus de la liste des calques. Jouez un peu avec ces effets. Vous pouvez déclencher d' | ||
+ | Nous avons vu les bases en ce qui concerne les calques. À coup sûr, nous en dirons d' | ||
+ | Le mois prochain, nous creuserons la question des mesures, des différentes unités, des règles et du rognage des images. |
specialgimp/utilisation_de_gimp_-_p._4.1444655530.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2015/10/12 15:12 de andre_domenech