issue128:inkscape
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue128:inkscape [2018/01/12 09:03] – d52fr | issue128:inkscape [2018/01/15 15:22] (Version actuelle) – andre_domenech | ||
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Whereas “Fill Between Many” allows you to create a new shape that connects numerous individual paths, “Fill Between Strokes” does the same job, but is limited to a single pair of paths. Once again we also need a sacrificial path to which the effect will be applied (and which will be the source of the style for the resultant object). To demonstrate, | Whereas “Fill Between Many” allows you to create a new shape that connects numerous individual paths, “Fill Between Strokes” does the same job, but is limited to a single pair of paths. Once again we also need a sacrificial path to which the effect will be applied (and which will be the source of the style for the resultant object). To demonstrate, | ||
- | La dernière fois, j'ai regardé l' | + | La dernière fois, j'ai regardé l' |
- | Là où « Remplir dans les nuées » vous permet de créer une nouvelle forme qui connecte de nombreux chemins individuels, | + | Là où « Remplir dans les nuées » vous permet de créer une nouvelle forme qui connecte de nombreux chemins individuels, |
**The first step is, of course, to select the sacrificial path and apply the LPE. This results in a simple UI in the Live Path Effects dialog. | **The first step is, of course, to select the sacrificial path and apply the LPE. This results in a simple UI in the Live Path Effects dialog. | ||
Ligne 12: | Ligne 12: | ||
This is almost identical to using “Fill Between Many” with only two paths, except that the resultant path isn’t closed – you can see that the thick red stroke doesn’t continue along the bottom of the shape. Given that this appears to be the only real difference between the two effects, my general recommendation is to just stick with the more versatile “Fill Between Many”.** | This is almost identical to using “Fill Between Many” with only two paths, except that the resultant path isn’t closed – you can see that the thick red stroke doesn’t continue along the bottom of the shape. Given that this appears to be the only real difference between the two effects, my general recommendation is to just stick with the more versatile “Fill Between Many”.** | ||
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+ | La première étape est, bien sûr, de sélectionner le chemin sacrifié et de lui appliquer le LPE. Vous aurez ainsi une interface utilisateur simple dans le dialogue de Effets de chemin dynamiques. | ||
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+ | Maintenant, nous devons simplement ajouter les deux chemins que nous souhaitons utiliser. Comme d' | ||
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+ | C'est presque identique à l' | ||
**Having largely dismissed one not-so-useful effect, let’s take a look at a couple of others. The first is “Transform By 2 Points”. I’m sure most readers are familiar with the “pinch to zoom” effect on smartphones and tablets – and the extended version that includes rotation and panning which is often used in mapping applications. This LPE essentially brings that same functionality to bear on Inkscape paths. On adding this effect to a path, you’ll be presented with a complex looking interface: | **Having largely dismissed one not-so-useful effect, let’s take a look at a couple of others. The first is “Transform By 2 Points”. I’m sure most readers are familiar with the “pinch to zoom” effect on smartphones and tablets – and the extended version that includes rotation and panning which is often used in mapping applications. This LPE essentially brings that same functionality to bear on Inkscape paths. On adding this effect to a path, you’ll be presented with a complex looking interface: | ||
This is another effect where the UI seems to be upside down – all the interesting things are in the bottom section. The buttons at the bottom act as a set of toggles, enabling and disabling different types of transformation. Begin by activating the “Elastic” and “From original width” buttons. If you now switch to the Node tool (F2) you should see that a thin blue line with diamond handles has appeared on your path.** | This is another effect where the UI seems to be upside down – all the interesting things are in the bottom section. The buttons at the bottom act as a set of toggles, enabling and disabling different types of transformation. Begin by activating the “Elastic” and “From original width” buttons. If you now switch to the Node tool (F2) you should see that a thin blue line with diamond handles has appeared on your path.** | ||
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+ | Ayant en grande partie écarté un effet pas vraiment utile, regardons deux autres effets. Le premier est « Transformation par 2 points ». Je suis sûr que la plupart des lecteurs sont habitués à l' | ||
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+ | C'est un autre effet où l' | ||
**Drag either of the handles around on the canvas and you’ll see your path dynamically stretch and rotate in a very intuitive manner. Leave the “From original width” button enabled but try toggling some of the others on and off to see what effect they each have. It should be clear that this is a very fast and natural way to transform a path so that it fits in a specific gap, or connects visually to other elements in your drawing. | **Drag either of the handles around on the canvas and you’ll see your path dynamically stretch and rotate in a very intuitive manner. Leave the “From original width” button enabled but try toggling some of the others on and off to see what effect they each have. It should be clear that this is a very fast and natural way to transform a path so that it fits in a specific gap, or connects visually to other elements in your drawing. | ||
Ligne 22: | Ligne 32: | ||
I quite like this effect, but I find it disappointing because it’s just that – an effect. It would be so much better to see a transform option like this make its way into the roster of top-level tools in Inkscape. That would allow you to use the same sort of intuitive control whether you’re transforming paths, shapes, groups or even text.** | I quite like this effect, but I find it disappointing because it’s just that – an effect. It would be so much better to see a transform option like this make its way into the roster of top-level tools in Inkscape. That would allow you to use the same sort of intuitive control whether you’re transforming paths, shapes, groups or even text.** | ||
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+ | Déplacez l'une ou l' | ||
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+ | Si vous désactivez la bascule « Depuis l' | ||
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+ | J'aime bien cet effet, mais je le trouve décevant, car ce n'est que cela : un effet. Voir une option de transformation comme celle-ci dans la liste des meilleurs outils d' | ||
**Next in the roster of effects is “Interpolate Points”. This simply redraws your path using one of five pre-defined interpolations between the nodes. The UI is so minimal that I’m not even going to bother with a screenshot – it’s just a pop-up menu to let you select the type of interpolation you want to use. There’s no way to change the Bézier handles or otherwise adjust the curves, and the selected interpolation is applied to all the path segments; there’s no way to have different values applied to each individual segment or even sub-path. This effect is probably of most use as part of a chain with other LPEs, when you want to change the output of a previous step from straight lines to curves, or vice-versa – but otherwise there’s rarely any good reason to use this effect in preference to modifying your original path. Here’s an example of a simple path rendered using each of the five options: | **Next in the roster of effects is “Interpolate Points”. This simply redraws your path using one of five pre-defined interpolations between the nodes. The UI is so minimal that I’m not even going to bother with a screenshot – it’s just a pop-up menu to let you select the type of interpolation you want to use. There’s no way to change the Bézier handles or otherwise adjust the curves, and the selected interpolation is applied to all the path segments; there’s no way to have different values applied to each individual segment or even sub-path. This effect is probably of most use as part of a chain with other LPEs, when you want to change the output of a previous step from straight lines to curves, or vice-versa – but otherwise there’s rarely any good reason to use this effect in preference to modifying your original path. Here’s an example of a simple path rendered using each of the five options: | ||
The last effect I’ll be covering this month is “Join Type”. This lets you set the type of join used between path segments, in much the same manner as the Stroke Style tab of the Fill & Stroke dialog – except that it does have a couple of new tricks up its sleeve, and a big limitation to be aware of. On adding this effect to a path, you’ll be presented with this interface: | The last effect I’ll be covering this month is “Join Type”. This lets you set the type of join used between path segments, in much the same manner as the Stroke Style tab of the Fill & Stroke dialog – except that it does have a couple of new tricks up its sleeve, and a big limitation to be aware of. On adding this effect to a path, you’ll be presented with this interface: | ||
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+ | Le suivant dans la liste des effets est « Interpoler des points ». Il redessine simplement votre chemin en utilisant l'une des interpolations pré-définies entre les points. L' | ||
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+ | Le dernier effet dont je parlerai ce mois-ci est « Type de jointure ». Celui-ci vous laisse définir le type de jointure utilisé entre les segments du chemin, de façon assez proche de l' | ||
**The Line Cap pop-up offers the usual options of Butt, Rounded and Square line ends. But it adds a new option as well: Peak. This gives the line ends a slight point, but there are no further options to set the size or angle of the shape. It’s certainly no replacement for the Taper Stroke effect. The Line Width control, on the other hand, offers no surprises. It just alters the width of the stroke. | **The Line Cap pop-up offers the usual options of Butt, Rounded and Square line ends. But it adds a new option as well: Peak. This gives the line ends a slight point, but there are no further options to set the size or angle of the shape. It’s certainly no replacement for the Taper Stroke effect. The Line Width control, on the other hand, offers no surprises. It just alters the width of the stroke. | ||
The Join pop-up again offers the usual options from the Fill & Stroke dialog (Rounded, Beveled, Mitre), but throws in four types of “Extrapolated Arc” options and “Mitre Clip”. More on those shortly. The Mitre option has the usual Mitre Limit control to set the limit at which really tight corners are rendered as beveled rather than a long, thin mitre – but this effect also offers a Force Mitre checkbox to force all the corners to render as mitres, regardless of the Mitre Limit. This is a nice addition that avoids you trying to work out just how large a limit you need to set if you want all your corners pointed.** | The Join pop-up again offers the usual options from the Fill & Stroke dialog (Rounded, Beveled, Mitre), but throws in four types of “Extrapolated Arc” options and “Mitre Clip”. More on those shortly. The Mitre option has the usual Mitre Limit control to set the limit at which really tight corners are rendered as beveled rather than a long, thin mitre – but this effect also offers a Force Mitre checkbox to force all the corners to render as mitres, regardless of the Mitre Limit. This is a nice addition that avoids you trying to work out just how large a limit you need to set if you want all your corners pointed.** | ||
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+ | La liste déroulante de Couvercle sur la ligne offre les options habituelles de terminaisons Sur le nœud, Arrondi et Carré. Mais une nouvelle option est ajoutée aussi : Sur l' | ||
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+ | La liste déroulante Raccord offre les options usuelles du dialogue Remplissage et contour (Arrondi, Biseauté, Raccordé), mais rajoute quatre types d' | ||
**With the Mitre Clip join type, and Force Mitre turned off, the Mitre Limit control takes on a new purpose. Rather than switching the join to beveled, the mitre is drawn - but cut off, as though truncated by a clipping path, at the length specified in this widget. When dealing with very sharp angles, it provides something of a halfway house between the excessive length of a full mitre and the stubby corner of a bevel. The example below shows a simple path rendered using Beveled, Mitre, Mitre Clip and Rounded joins, with Butt, Peak, Rounded and Square line caps. | **With the Mitre Clip join type, and Force Mitre turned off, the Mitre Limit control takes on a new purpose. Rather than switching the join to beveled, the mitre is drawn - but cut off, as though truncated by a clipping path, at the length specified in this widget. When dealing with very sharp angles, it provides something of a halfway house between the excessive length of a full mitre and the stubby corner of a bevel. The example below shows a simple path rendered using Beveled, Mitre, Mitre Clip and Rounded joins, with Butt, Peak, Rounded and Square line caps. | ||
As for those Extrapolated Arc options – they do for curved lines what Mitre does for straight ones. The example below shows a path made up of a pair of curved lines with a sharp join between them. The first version has a simple Beveled join, the second extends the join linearly with a Mitre, losing the style of the curve in the process. The third version, however, shows the dramatic result of using an Extrapolated Arc.** | As for those Extrapolated Arc options – they do for curved lines what Mitre does for straight ones. The example below shows a path made up of a pair of curved lines with a sharp join between them. The first version has a simple Beveled join, the second extends the join linearly with a Mitre, losing the style of the curve in the process. The third version, however, shows the dramatic result of using an Extrapolated Arc.** | ||
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+ | Avec le type de jointure Raccordé et coupé, et la case Forcer le raccord décochée, la contrôle de limite de raccord a un autre but. Plutôt que de passer la jointure en biseautée, le raccord est dessiné, mais coupé, comme tronqué par un chemin de coupe, à la longueur spécifiée dans ce champ. Quand on traite des angles très aigus, il fournit une solution à mi-chemin entre la longueur excessive d'un raccord complet et l' | ||
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+ | Quant aux options Arc extrapolé, elles font pour les lignes courbes ce que fait Raccordé pour les droites. L' | ||
**The four types of extrapolated arc vary slightly in their rendering in most cases, but the differences can be more pronounced with some paths than others. It’s easiest to just try all of them and see which suits your particular image the best. | **The four types of extrapolated arc vary slightly in their rendering in most cases, but the differences can be more pronounced with some paths than others. It’s easiest to just try all of them and see which suits your particular image the best. | ||
As with the Interpolate Points LPE, this effect is all-or-nothing. There’s no way to apply different join types to individual nodes, beyond the effects of the mitre limit. So if you want an extrapolated arc in the middle of a series of rounded joins, for example, you’ll have to manually break the path into separate objects and apply the effect to each of them separately.** | As with the Interpolate Points LPE, this effect is all-or-nothing. There’s no way to apply different join types to individual nodes, beyond the effects of the mitre limit. So if you want an extrapolated arc in the middle of a series of rounded joins, for example, you’ll have to manually break the path into separate objects and apply the effect to each of them separately.** | ||
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+ | Les rendus des quatre types d'arcs extrapolés diffèrent légèrement dans la plupart des cas, mais les différences peuvent être plus prononcées avec certains chemins qu' | ||
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+ | Comme avec le LPE Interpoler de points, cet effet est tout ou rien. Il n'y a aucune façon d' | ||
**Now for the elephant in the room – and it’s the usual pachyderm that we’ve encountered numerous times when looking at path effects. In order to remain compatible with SVG, the Inkscape developers haven’t just added their own line cap and join types to the file format. Instead, as with the Power Stroke and Taper Stroke effects, the results you see here are produced by rendering the path as a filled object. So if you want to use the beautiful extrapolated arcs (or the less impressive peak cap) on an object with a fill, you’ll have to use one of the usual roster of workarounds that I’ve covered in the past – whether that’s manually maintaining a second copy of the object to hold the fill, or using the Fill Between Many LPE to create a clone of your shape for filling. | **Now for the elephant in the room – and it’s the usual pachyderm that we’ve encountered numerous times when looking at path effects. In order to remain compatible with SVG, the Inkscape developers haven’t just added their own line cap and join types to the file format. Instead, as with the Power Stroke and Taper Stroke effects, the results you see here are produced by rendering the path as a filled object. So if you want to use the beautiful extrapolated arcs (or the less impressive peak cap) on an object with a fill, you’ll have to use one of the usual roster of workarounds that I’ve covered in the past – whether that’s manually maintaining a second copy of the object to hold the fill, or using the Fill Between Many LPE to create a clone of your shape for filling. | ||
This month, I’ve looked at what I consider to be some of the less useful new effects. They all have some interesting capabilities, | This month, I’ve looked at what I consider to be some of the less useful new effects. They all have some interesting capabilities, | ||
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+ | Maintenant, passons à l' | ||
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+ | Ce mois-ci, j'ai regardé ce que je considère comme de nouveaux effets d' | ||
issue128/inkscape.1515744220.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2018/01/12 09:03 de d52fr