issue197:inkscape
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue197:inkscape [2023/10/01 07:57] – d52fr | issue197:inkscape [2023/10/02 15:11] (Version actuelle) – auntiee | ||
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The Shape Builder can be thought of as a convenient way to perform certain Boolean operations between objects. There’s nothing that can be done with the Shape Builder that wasn’t previously possible with the existing tools, but anyone who has worked on complex designs using Boolean operations will be familiar with the need to plan multiple steps ahead, often duplicating objects that are otherwise removed as part of the operation. In many cases, the Shape Builder will greatly simplify such workflows.** | The Shape Builder can be thought of as a convenient way to perform certain Boolean operations between objects. There’s nothing that can be done with the Shape Builder that wasn’t previously possible with the existing tools, but anyone who has worked on complex designs using Boolean operations will be familiar with the need to plan multiple steps ahead, often duplicating objects that are otherwise removed as part of the operation. In many cases, the Shape Builder will greatly simplify such workflows.** | ||
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+ | Si l' | ||
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+ | L' | ||
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**Let’s look at the simplest of examples, in the form of a Boolean ‘intersection’ operation. For these first few examples, we’ll just use a couple of overlapping circles, to which I’ve given thick coloured strokes to make them stand out. Be absolutely clear, however, that all these operations are taking place on the areas bounded by those strokes, not on the strokes themselves. This same behaviour would occur with thinner strokes, or even with filled shapes that have no stroke at all. | **Let’s look at the simplest of examples, in the form of a Boolean ‘intersection’ operation. For these first few examples, we’ll just use a couple of overlapping circles, to which I’ve given thick coloured strokes to make them stand out. Be absolutely clear, however, that all these operations are taking place on the areas bounded by those strokes, not on the strokes themselves. This same behaviour would occur with thinner strokes, or even with filled shapes that have no stroke at all. | ||
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Notice that the resultant shape has adopted the style of the object on the bottom of the z-stack, resulting in a blue border. Now let’s do the same thing using the Shape Builder tool, which can be found near the top of the toolbar, just below the Node tool. The default keyboard shortcut for it is ‘X’.** | Notice that the resultant shape has adopted the style of the object on the bottom of the z-stack, resulting in a blue border. Now let’s do the same thing using the Shape Builder tool, which can be found near the top of the toolbar, just below the Node tool. The default keyboard shortcut for it is ‘X’.** | ||
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+ | Prenons l' | ||
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+ | Si nous commençons par une opération d' | ||
+ | ••Sélectionnez les deux cercles. | ||
+ | ••Sélectionnez l' | ||
+ | ••Ce qui reste est la zone commune entre les deux formes - la partie au milieu : | ||
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+ | Remarquez que la forme résultante adopte le style de l' | ||
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**As before, the first step is to select both objects that will contribute to the shape you’re building. If you have nothing selected, Inkscape will present a small warning message when you switch to the Shape Builder. It is possible to use the tool with only a single object – though doing so only really makes sense if that object is a self-intersecting path. More usually, you’ll want to select two or more objects before switching to the tool. When you do so, the original objects will be hidden and replaced with simple gray outline versions of the shapes. The rest of your drawing is also hidden, to avoid any confusion as to which objects are being used. | **As before, the first step is to select both objects that will contribute to the shape you’re building. If you have nothing selected, Inkscape will present a small warning message when you switch to the Shape Builder. It is possible to use the tool with only a single object – though doing so only really makes sense if that object is a self-intersecting path. More usually, you’ll want to select two or more objects before switching to the tool. When you do so, the original objects will be hidden and replaced with simple gray outline versions of the shapes. The rest of your drawing is also hidden, to avoid any confusion as to which objects are being used. | ||
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If you click on a section, it will change to a different shade of blue, indicating that it will be included in the final shape that you’re building. In this case, we want only a single part, so click the central section, then press the Enter key to confirm that you’re done. There’s also a confirmation button in the tool control bar, and switching to the Selector tool also has the same effect. In either case, we’re left with just the intersecting part of the original shapes.** | If you click on a section, it will change to a different shade of blue, indicating that it will be included in the final shape that you’re building. In this case, we want only a single part, so click the central section, then press the Enter key to confirm that you’re done. There’s also a confirmation button in the tool control bar, and switching to the Selector tool also has the same effect. In either case, we’re left with just the intersecting part of the original shapes.** | ||
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+ | Comme précédemment, | ||
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+ | Le passage de la souris sur les formes met en évidence chaque section individuelle, | ||
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+ | Si vous cliquez sur une section, elle passera à une autre nuance de bleu, indiquant qu' | ||
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**One important thing to note is that the outline of the shape is red this time, rather than blue. The Shape Builder uses the style of the topmost element in the z-stack to set the styles of the resultant object, not the bottom element as was the case with the Boolean operator. | **One important thing to note is that the outline of the shape is red this time, rather than blue. The Shape Builder uses the style of the topmost element in the z-stack to set the styles of the resultant object, not the bottom element as was the case with the Boolean operator. | ||
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Our final result is a path that consists of two sub-paths. That fact may not be entirely obvious, but it is possible to disentangle these two small moons from their kiss (e.g. with Path > Break Apart). The Boolean operation has done a very good job of cleanly removing the central part without introducing many new nodes.** | Our final result is a path that consists of two sub-paths. That fact may not be entirely obvious, but it is possible to disentangle these two small moons from their kiss (e.g. with Path > Break Apart). The Boolean operation has done a very good job of cleanly removing the central part without introducing many new nodes.** | ||
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+ | Il est important de noter que le contour de la forme est cette fois-ci rouge et non plus bleu. L' | ||
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+ | Essayons une autre opération booléenne : Chemin > Exclusion, qui nous donnera une forme composée des parties gauche et droite des deux cercles, mais pas de la section où ils se chevauchent - essentiellement l' | ||
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+ | Le résultat final est un chemin composé de deux sous-chemins. Ce fait n'est peut-être pas tout à fait évident, mais il est possible de démêler ces deux petites lunes de leur baiser (par exemple avec Chemin > Séparer). L' | ||
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**Doing the same thing with the Shape Builder is simultaneously both extremely simple, and rather complex. You see, for such a basic operation, there are actually several ways to proceed, depending on exactly what you want to be left with. The most obvious is to hold Shift while clicking on the central section in order to remove it from the final result, rather than adding it: | **Doing the same thing with the Shape Builder is simultaneously both extremely simple, and rather complex. You see, for such a basic operation, there are actually several ways to proceed, depending on exactly what you want to be left with. The most obvious is to hold Shift while clicking on the central section in order to remove it from the final result, rather than adding it: | ||
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Instead of Shift-clicking to remove the central section, an alternative approach is to click on both the left and right sections, leaving the middle one un-selected so that the Shape Builder view looks like this: | Instead of Shift-clicking to remove the central section, an alternative approach is to click on both the left and right sections, leaving the middle one un-selected so that the Shape Builder view looks like this: | ||
But, when you hit Enter, you’ll find that you end up with exactly the same two objects as above, each with a section cut out.** | But, when you hit Enter, you’ll find that you end up with exactly the same two objects as above, each with a section cut out.** | ||
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+ | Faire la même chose avec l' | ||
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+ | ••Sélectionnez les deux cercles. | ||
+ | ••Passez à l' | ||
+ | ••Maj-cliquez sur la partie centrale. | ||
+ | ••Appuyez sur Entrée pour accepter la forme : | ||
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+ | C'est un peu la même chose. Sauf que nous n' | ||
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+ | Au lieu de Maj-cliquer pour supprimer la section centrale, une autre approche consiste à cliquer sur les sections gauche et droite, en laissant celle du milieu non sélectionnée, | ||
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+ | Mais lorsque vous appuyez sur Entrée, vous vous retrouvez avec exactement les deux mêmes objets que ci-dessus, chacun avec une section coupée. | ||
**Suppose you really, really want to end up with a single complex path (i.e. one with sub-paths), but have an aversion to using Path > Combine for some reason. The Path Builder can actually produce a single path, but it requires a slight change of operation. Instead of clicking on each segment, you have to drag from one to another. | **Suppose you really, really want to end up with a single complex path (i.e. one with sub-paths), but have an aversion to using Path > Combine for some reason. The Path Builder can actually produce a single path, but it requires a slight change of operation. Instead of clicking on each segment, you have to drag from one to another. | ||
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The result this time is that the selected sections have been combined into a single path, looking more like the Boolean version.** | The result this time is that the selected sections have been combined into a single path, looking more like the Boolean version.** | ||
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+ | Supposons que vous souhaitiez vraiment, vraiment obtenir un seul chemin complexe (c' | ||
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+ | ••Sélectionnez les deux cercles. | ||
+ | ••Passez à l' | ||
+ | ••Cliquez et maintenez le bouton de la souris enfoncé dans la partie gauche. | ||
+ | ••Faites glisser la souris vers la partie droite (en évitant la partie centrale). | ||
+ | ••Relâchez le bouton de la souris. | ||
+ | ••Les deux sections sont sélectionnées. Appuyez sur Entrée pour confirmer. | ||
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+ | Cette fois-ci, les sections sélectionnées ont été combinées en un seul chemin, qui ressemble davantage à la version booléenne. | ||
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**Looks can be deceiving, however. Switch to the Node tool, and you’ll see that the Shape Builder has a tendency to create a lot of additional nodes. And I do mean a lot. This problem is already on the developers’ radar, so hopefully version 1.3.1 might improve matters – but I still wouldn’t be surprised to see more nodes from this tool than from the Boolean operations. | **Looks can be deceiving, however. Switch to the Node tool, and you’ll see that the Shape Builder has a tendency to create a lot of additional nodes. And I do mean a lot. This problem is already on the developers’ radar, so hopefully version 1.3.1 might improve matters – but I still wouldn’t be surprised to see more nodes from this tool than from the Boolean operations. | ||
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Looks rather more red, doesn’t it? This provides us with another rule of Shape Building: when combining multiple segments, the style of the final result will be taken from that of the first segment selected.** | Looks rather more red, doesn’t it? This provides us with another rule of Shape Building: when combining multiple segments, the style of the final result will be taken from that of the first segment selected.** | ||
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+ | Cependant, les apparences peuvent être trompeuses. Passez à l' | ||
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+ | Il y a un autre point intéressant à noter lorsque l'on combine des segments de cette manière. Regardez le résultat si je fais glisser le segment de droite vers celui de gauche, plutôt que de gauche à droite. | ||
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+ | Le résultat semble plus rouge, n' | ||
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**The difference in behaviour between clicking segments and dragging over them means we can also use the Shape Builder to emulate the behaviour of another stalwart of the Boolean operations: union. | **The difference in behaviour between clicking segments and dragging over them means we can also use the Shape Builder to emulate the behaviour of another stalwart of the Boolean operations: union. | ||
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The result is that all the selected segments are combined into a single path. But although the results may look visually similar, again the Shape Builder leaves us with a lot of unnecessary nodes. This image shows the result of using the Boolean union (top) compared with the Shape Builder (bottom):** | The result is that all the selected segments are combined into a single path. But although the results may look visually similar, again the Shape Builder leaves us with a lot of unnecessary nodes. This image shows the result of using the Boolean union (top) compared with the Shape Builder (bottom):** | ||
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+ | La différence de comportement entre le fait de cliquer sur des segments et celui de les faire glisser signifie que nous pouvons également utiliser l' | ||
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+ | ••Sélectionnez les deux cercles. | ||
+ | ••Passez à l' | ||
+ | ••Cliquez et maintenez le bouton de la souris enfoncé dans la partie gauche. | ||
+ | ••Faites glisser la souris du milieu vers la partie droite, en sélectionnant les trois cercles. | ||
+ | ••Relâchez le bouton de la souris. | ||
+ | ••Appuyez sur Entrée pour confirmer. | ||
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+ | Le résultat est que tous les segments sélectionnés sont combinés en un seul chemin. Cependant, bien que les résultats soient visuellement similaires, l' | ||
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**Given this obvious difference, you may be wondering what is the advantage of the Shape Builder when compared with the traditional Boolean operations. For simple operations that require only two objects, I think the Booleans, and related operations, are still the best way to go. But once you start combining multiple objects in complex ways, it’s hard to argue against the simple click and drag approach of the Shape Builder. | **Given this obvious difference, you may be wondering what is the advantage of the Shape Builder when compared with the traditional Boolean operations. For simple operations that require only two objects, I think the Booleans, and related operations, are still the best way to go. But once you start combining multiple objects in complex ways, it’s hard to argue against the simple click and drag approach of the Shape Builder. | ||
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Finally, if you really want to get a feel for the power and flexibility of this new tool, why not use the File > New from Template… menu entry which opens a new page template dialog that includes a ‘Shape Builder’ tab filled with some complex overlapping paths that are ideal for experimentation.** | Finally, if you really want to get a feel for the power and flexibility of this new tool, why not use the File > New from Template… menu entry which opens a new page template dialog that includes a ‘Shape Builder’ tab filled with some complex overlapping paths that are ideal for experimentation.** | ||
+ | Compte tenu de cette différence évidente, vous vous demandez peut-être quel est l' | ||
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+ | Lorsque vous travaillez sur des combinaisons de formes plus complexes, vous devez savoir que vous pouvez utiliser Ctrl-Z lorsque vous êtes dans l' | ||
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+ | Enfin, si vous souhaitez vraiment vous familiariser avec la puissance et la souplesse de ce nouvel outil, pourquoi ne pas utiliser l' |
issue197/inkscape.1696139865.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2023/10/01 07:57 de d52fr