issue55:tutoaudacity
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issue55:tutoaudacity [2011/11/30 10:59] – créée fredphil91 | issue55:tutoaudacity [2012/01/28 15:19] (Version actuelle) – auntiee | ||
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This article aims to show you some simple techniques to improve the quality of your voice recording quickly and cheaply (for free actually). But first things first... | This article aims to show you some simple techniques to improve the quality of your voice recording quickly and cheaply (for free actually). But first things first... | ||
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• Record each person on a separate channel - if possible on a computer local to them (avoid recording through Skype, GoToMeeting, | • Record each person on a separate channel - if possible on a computer local to them (avoid recording through Skype, GoToMeeting, | ||
• Try keeping the recording volume for each microphone at the optimal level – not too low, but also avoiding clipping. | • Try keeping the recording volume for each microphone at the optimal level – not too low, but also avoiding clipping. | ||
+ | ** | ||
+ | Cet article vise à vous montrer quelques techniques simples qui amélioreront la qualité de vos enregistrements vocaux, rapidement et à moindre coût (en fait gratuitement). Mais tout d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Le meilleur son est celui que vous n'avez pas à améliorer. Voici quelques mesures simples que vous pouvez préalablement effectuer pour optimiser la qualité: | ||
+ | • Utiliser un équipement de qualité. Voici quelques articles sur le matériel utilisé par les podcasteurs de grande qualité sonore. Vous n'avez pas à dépenser beaucoup d' | ||
+ | • Éliminer les bruits ambiants autant que possible (fermer les fenêtres, tirer les stores, arrêter d' | ||
+ | • Enregistrer chaque personne sur un canal séparé, si possible sur un ordinateur localement (éviter d' | ||
+ | • Essayez de garder le volume d' | ||
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+ | ** | ||
After you have the audio recording there is still a lot you can do, but it is preferable to start out with the best source material. For the example below, I’ll be using the raw recordings from a recent SE Radio podcast (shown above): | After you have the audio recording there is still a lot you can do, but it is preferable to start out with the best source material. For the example below, I’ll be using the raw recordings from a recent SE Radio podcast (shown above): | ||
The situation with this recording is as follows: | The situation with this recording is as follows: | ||
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First, install the Noise Gate plugin for Audacity, since it requires program restart (under Windows you have to copy the downloaded noisegate.ny to C:\Program Files (x86)\Audacity 1.3 Beta (Unicode)\Plug-Ins, | First, install the Noise Gate plugin for Audacity, since it requires program restart (under Windows you have to copy the downloaded noisegate.ny to C:\Program Files (x86)\Audacity 1.3 Beta (Unicode)\Plug-Ins, | ||
+ | ** | ||
+ | Après avoir enregistré le son, il reste encore beaucoup de choses que vous pouvez faire. Néanmoins, il est préférable de commencer avec le meilleur matériel source. Pour l' | ||
+ | La situation de cet enregistrement est comme suit : | ||
+ | • Il y a des pistes audio distinctes pour le présentateur et l' | ||
+ | • Il y a un bruit de fond sur les pistes (facilement corrigible). | ||
+ | • Les deux personnes ont été parfois enregistrées par les deux microphones (corrigible). | ||
+ | • La piste du présentateur connaît quelques distorsions (partiellement corrigible. Heureusement, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Les mesures pour améliorer la qualité de cet enregistrement sont les suivantes : | ||
+ | |||
+ | Installez le greffon Noise Gate pour Audacity tout d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ** | ||
Now that we have Audacity all set up and the plugin installed, first split the stereo track into mono tracks, since they don’t actually represent left-right channels but rather two speakers which will be mixed together at the end. For this, click on the arrow after the filename in the track, and select “Split Stereo to Mono”. Sidenote: some people will prefer to mix different speakers in podcasts with different panning (that is to the left or to the right). I would advise against this: it is distracting if you are doing something else while listening to the podcast (like walking / jogging / riding a bike / etc). It can also backfire if, for some reason, the listening device is missing one of the channels (the “damaged headphone” scenario). | Now that we have Audacity all set up and the plugin installed, first split the stereo track into mono tracks, since they don’t actually represent left-right channels but rather two speakers which will be mixed together at the end. For this, click on the arrow after the filename in the track, and select “Split Stereo to Mono”. Sidenote: some people will prefer to mix different speakers in podcasts with different panning (that is to the left or to the right). I would advise against this: it is distracting if you are doing something else while listening to the podcast (like walking / jogging / riding a bike / etc). It can also backfire if, for some reason, the listening device is missing one of the channels (the “damaged headphone” scenario). | ||
The first thing will be to remove the constant background noise (like AC hum for example). To do this, zoom in (Ctrl + 1) and look for low volume zones. Select those zones, and go to Effects –> Noise Removal –> Get Noise Profile. Now select a zone where the noise is mixed with speech, and test out the settings (Effect –> Noise Removal –> Ok). After the test, you can use Undo (Ctrl + Z) to roll back the changes. You should watch for the noise being removed but also the natural sound of the voice being preserved (too aggressive of a noise removal can lead to a “robot voice” effect). If you are satisfied, you can go ahead and apply it to the entire track. Also, since the noise source might change during the recording, you should at least do a quick scroll to check for other low-volume zones which can be a sign of noise. If you find noise from other sources, you can use the same steps to remove it. | The first thing will be to remove the constant background noise (like AC hum for example). To do this, zoom in (Ctrl + 1) and look for low volume zones. Select those zones, and go to Effects –> Noise Removal –> Get Noise Profile. Now select a zone where the noise is mixed with speech, and test out the settings (Effect –> Noise Removal –> Ok). After the test, you can use Undo (Ctrl + Z) to roll back the changes. You should watch for the noise being removed but also the natural sound of the voice being preserved (too aggressive of a noise removal can lead to a “robot voice” effect). If you are satisfied, you can go ahead and apply it to the entire track. Also, since the noise source might change during the recording, you should at least do a quick scroll to check for other low-volume zones which can be a sign of noise. If you find noise from other sources, you can use the same steps to remove it. | ||
+ | ** | ||
+ | Maintenant que nous avons configuré Audacity et que le greffon est installé, commençons d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | La première chose sera de supprimer le bruit de fond constant (comme le ronron de la climatisation, | ||
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+ | ** | ||
Now that you have removed the noise, the next step would be to remove the voices from the channels they don’t belong to. This is where we’ll be using the Noise Gate plugin: since there is a considerable level difference between the wanted audio and the unwanted audio on each channel, we can just declare everything below a certain volume “noise” and use the plugin to silence it. A couple of tips: | Now that you have removed the noise, the next step would be to remove the voices from the channels they don’t belong to. This is where we’ll be using the Noise Gate plugin: since there is a considerable level difference between the wanted audio and the unwanted audio on each channel, we can just declare everything below a certain volume “noise” and use the plugin to silence it. A couple of tips: | ||
• This needs to be done separately for each channel, since the cutoff volume will be different. | • This needs to be done separately for each channel, since the cutoff volume will be different. | ||
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• Use a “Level reduction” of –100 dB to completely filter out the sound, and an “Attack/ | • Use a “Level reduction” of –100 dB to completely filter out the sound, and an “Attack/ | ||
• As with all the steps, you can experiment on a smaller portion of the audio file (since it is much quicker) to fine tune the settings by repeatedly applying the effect with different parameters and undoing (Ctrl+Z) the result after evaluation. When the parameters seem right, just select the entire track and press Ctrl+R (Repeat last effect). | • As with all the steps, you can experiment on a smaller portion of the audio file (since it is much quicker) to fine tune the settings by repeatedly applying the effect with different parameters and undoing (Ctrl+Z) the result after evaluation. When the parameters seem right, just select the entire track and press Ctrl+R (Repeat last effect). | ||
+ | ** | ||
+ | Maintenant que vous avez retiré le bruit, la prochaine étape consiste à supprimer les voix des canaux où elles n'ont lieu pas d' | ||
+ | Quelques conseils : | ||
+ | • Cela doit être fait séparément pour chaque canal, puisque le seuil du volume sera différent. | ||
+ | • Vous pouvez utiliser la fonction du greffon « Analyser le niveau du bruit » afin d' | ||
+ | • Ajustez l' | ||
+ | • Comme pour les autres étapes, vous pouvez expérimenter sur une plus petite partie du fichier audio (cela sera beaucoup plus rapide) pour affiner les réglages de l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ** | ||
After we’ve finished with both tracks, we have a better situation (shown above). | After we’ve finished with both tracks, we have a better situation (shown above). | ||
Now we will fix the clipping as much as possible (a perfect fix isn’t possible since clipping means that information got lost and the plugins can only “guess” what the information might have looked like). First, we reduce the amplification of the second track (the one which contains the clipping) by 10 dB as the Clip Fix plugin suggests (Effect > Amplify > –10 dB), after which we use the Clip Fix plugin. Unfortunately, | Now we will fix the clipping as much as possible (a perfect fix isn’t possible since clipping means that information got lost and the plugins can only “guess” what the information might have looked like). First, we reduce the amplification of the second track (the one which contains the clipping) by 10 dB as the Clip Fix plugin suggests (Effect > Amplify > –10 dB), after which we use the Clip Fix plugin. Unfortunately, | ||
+ | ** | ||
+ | Après avoir fini avec les deux pistes, nous obtiendrons un meilleur résultat (voir ci-dessus). | ||
+ | |||
+ | A présent, nous allons corriger la distorsion autant que possible (une solution parfaite n'est pas possible puisque la distorsion implique qu'il y a eu une perte d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ** | ||
Now that all the cleanup steps have been performed, there is one last step which is as important as the cleanup: maximizing the audible volume without introducing clipping. This is very important because all devices can reduce volume but few of them can increase it (some exceptions being: the Linux audio stack, and VLC). The easiest way to do this is by using the Levelator (note: while the Levelator is free – as in beer – and does not restrict what you can do with the output, it is not free as in freedom if this is a consideration for you). | Now that all the cleanup steps have been performed, there is one last step which is as important as the cleanup: maximizing the audible volume without introducing clipping. This is very important because all devices can reduce volume but few of them can increase it (some exceptions being: the Linux audio stack, and VLC). The easiest way to do this is by using the Levelator (note: while the Levelator is free – as in beer – and does not restrict what you can do with the output, it is not free as in freedom if this is a consideration for you). | ||
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• Did it miss segments? (it is rare, but it happens – those segments need to be amplified manually). | • Did it miss segments? (it is rare, but it happens – those segments need to be amplified manually). | ||
• It results in “weird” sounding audio if the recording has been preprocessed by a dynamic compressor – for example GoToMeeting has an option to improve sound quality which uses dynamic compression and thus makes the recording unsuitable for the use with Levelator. | • It results in “weird” sounding audio if the recording has been preprocessed by a dynamic compressor – for example GoToMeeting has an option to improve sound quality which uses dynamic compression and thus makes the recording unsuitable for the use with Levelator. | ||
+ | ** | ||
+ | Maintenant que toutes les étapes de nettoyage ont été effectuées, | ||
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+ | Pour ce faire, exportez le fichier audio au format WAV (assurez-vous qu' | ||
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+ | Bien sûr, Levelator n'est pas non plus une baguette magique et voici donc quelques petites choses à vérifier après l' | ||
+ | • A-t-il amplifié des bruits résiduels qui n' | ||
+ | • A-t-il oublié des segments ? (C'est rare mais cela arrive - ces segments doivent être amplifiés manuellement). | ||
+ | • Il en résulte un « bizarre » son audio si l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ** | ||
That’s it for this rather long article. Don’t be discouraged by the length of the article: after going over the steps a couple of times, it shouldn’t take longer than 15 minutes to process a 2 hour interview (excluding the cutting / pasting / moving parts around), and you will gain listeners because of the higher production value. | That’s it for this rather long article. Don’t be discouraged by the length of the article: after going over the steps a couple of times, it shouldn’t take longer than 15 minutes to process a 2 hour interview (excluding the cutting / pasting / moving parts around), and you will gain listeners because of the higher production value. | ||
A final note on the output formats: while during processing you should always use lossless formats, the final output format I recommend is: MP3 at 64 kbps CBR, Joint Stereo, 22050 MHz sampling rate. I found that this is the best balance between quality, file size, and compatibility with the most playback devices out there. | A final note on the output formats: while during processing you should always use lossless formats, the final output format I recommend is: MP3 at 64 kbps CBR, Joint Stereo, 22050 MHz sampling rate. I found that this is the best balance between quality, file size, and compatibility with the most playback devices out there. | ||
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+ | C'est tout pour cet article plutôt long. Ne soyez pas découragés par la longueur de l' | ||
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+ | Une dernière note concernant les formats de sortie : alors que pendant le traitement vous devriez toujours utiliser des formats sans perte, le format de sortie final que je recommande est le MP3 à 64 kbps en mode de débit constant, en stéreo joints et d'une fréquence d' | ||
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issue55/tutoaudacity.1322647140.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2011/11/30 10:59 de fredphil91