issue148:mon_opinion
Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Prochaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
issue148:mon_opinion [2019/09/02 11:57] – créée auntiee | issue148:mon_opinion [2019/09/05 15:13] (Version actuelle) – auntiee | ||
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- | Let’s face it, Snaps, Appimages and Flatpaks are wonderful, if you live in a first world country with bucket-loads of bandwidth. However, downloading a 100MB file, when the source is 3MB, is an utter waste. (Most of the rest of the world is limited by bandwidth). New users are always afraid of the command-line. Why? Because Linux switches and options are confusing. Not most commands, mind you. [On Telegram, I often see kids install Kali. On the Gnu/ Linux Telegram group it is a running joke, and a search for the phrase “Kali” brings up more results than any other. They cannot even comprehend the terminal, but “want to be hacker” - sic. The terminal sometimes seems like a magical language to them that will give them just illegal access – like in Mr. Robot]. | + | **BUILDING SOFTWARES** |
- | Lots of professionals look down on building your own software. Yes it can be tedious and time consuming, but not everything is in the repositories, | + | COMPILER SES PROPRES APPLICATIONS |
- | Nano is a terminal text editor. A really handy, basic editor. It can be extended with syntax highlighting, etc, but the version that ships with ubuntu is too old. If you are on 18.04 or 18.10, you are stuck with version 2.9 of Nano, and Disco Dingo with 3.2. Gnu Nano, however, has moved on to version 4.2 (April 2019) https://www.nano-editor.org/. Shall we make our version 4.2 too? Okay, don those coveralls, ready the spanners | + | **Let’s face it, Snaps, Appimages and Flatpaks |
- | Getting Nano | + | Soyons réalistes, les Snaps, Appimages et autres Flatpaks sont formidables, |
- | Yes, you can just click on the download link, but since we are in the terminal, (let’s face it, a browser may not always be available), we will stay there. Type the following: | + | **Lots of professionals look down on building your own software. Yes it can be tedious and time consuming, but not everything is in the repositories, |
+ | |||
+ | Beaucoup de professionnels méprisent la compilation de sa propre version de logiciel. Certes, cela peut être fastidieux et consommateur de temps, mais tout n'est pas toujours dans les dépôts des distributions et, même quand c'est le cas, vous avez parfois besoin d'une version ultérieure, | ||
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+ | **Nano is a terminal text editor. A really handy, basic editor. It can be extended with syntax highlighting, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Nano est un éditeur de texte pour le Terminal, donc en mode caractères. C’est un éditeur de base très pratique, qui peut être amélioré avec des greffons comme la coloration syntaxique, par exemple, mais la version qui est livrée avec Ubuntu est trop ancienne. Si vous êtes sur Ubuntu 18.04 ou 18.10, vous êtes bloqué avec la version 2.9 de Nano et la version 3.2 avec Disco Dingo. Gnu Nano, de son côté, est passé à la version 4.2 (avril 2019) https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Getting Nano** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Obtenir Nano | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Yes, you can just click on the download link, but since we are in the terminal, (let’s face it, a browser may not always be available), we will stay there. Type the following:** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Oui, on pourrait simplement cliquer sur le lien de téléchargement, | ||
wget https:// | wget https:// | ||
- | Or use curl if wget not available: | + | **Or use curl if wget not available:** |
+ | |||
+ | Ou bien utiliser curl si wget n’est pas disponible : | ||
curl https:// | curl https:// | ||
- | That code just fetches nano for you. No options, no switches. This should boost your confidence a bit if you are new. | + | **That code just fetches nano for you. No options, no switches. This should boost your confidence a bit if you are new.** |
- | To untar your .gz file is going to require some switches. (Should things have changed in the meantime, just correct the URL to reflect the latest version): | + | Ces commandes vont juste chercher les sources de Nano pour vous. Pas d' |
+ | |||
+ | **To untar your .gz file is going to require some switches. (Should things have changed in the meantime, just correct the URL to reflect the latest version):** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pour décompresser votre fichier .gz, vous aurez besoin de quelques options. (Si la version de Nano a évolué entre-temps, | ||
tar xvzf nano-4.2.tar.gz | tar xvzf nano-4.2.tar.gz | ||
- | Should you look at the tar manpage, I would like to draw your attention to the “option styles” section. | + | **Should you look at the tar manpage, I would like to draw your attention to the “option styles” section. |
+ | |||
+ | Si vous regardez la page de manuel de tar (MAN), j’attire votre attention sur la section qui liste toutes les options. N' | ||
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+ | **Installation | ||
+ | |||
+ | Right, now we have the latest version of Nano, but how do we install it? (Change into the unzipped folder first). Again, it is back to reading, so the lazy won’t survive. Most software that you download from source has a ‘readme’ file attached. The file may have weird extensions, sometimes ‘.md’, but look for the readme-file. In our case it’s just README:** | ||
Installation | Installation | ||
- | Right, now we have the latest | + | Bon, maintenant nous avons la dernière |
less README | less README | ||
- | Yes, that’s it. Use a pager to read the file. You will see the instructions in clear text. | + | **Yes, that’s it. Use a pager to read the file. You will see the instructions in clear text.** |
- | TIP: You may need to install build-essentials before attempting the next part. (Don’t worry, you won’t install it twice) | + | Oui, c'est la commande ci-dessus qui vous permet de lire ce fichier README en vous déplaçant avec les flèches et en quittant par Q. |
+ | **TIP: You may need to install build-essentials before attempting the next part. (Don’t worry, you won’t install it twice)** | ||
+ | |||
+ | A NOTER : Il se peut que vous ayez besoin d' | ||
sudo apt install build-essential | sudo apt install build-essential | ||
- | (This brings in everything you will need to build your program). | + | **(This brings in everything you will need to build your program).** |
- | Now we build according to the README-file. | + | (Ce paquet apporte tous les éléments dont vous aurez besoin pour compiler votre programme). |
+ | |||
+ | **Now we build according to the README-file.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Maintenant nous compilons les sources selon les instructions du fichier README. | ||
./configure | ./configure | ||
Ligne 46: | Ligne 79: | ||
make install | make install | ||
- | If you open Nano now, You will see it still displays 2.9.3. This is not an error, you need to log out and back in again. You do not need to do this with every piece of software you build from source though. That’s it, you are done. Nano is now the latest version... But wait, there’s more... | + | **If you open Nano now, You will see it still displays 2.9.3. This is not an error, you need to log out and back in again. You do not need to do this with every piece of software you build from source though. That’s it, you are done. Nano is now the latest version... But wait, there’s more...** |
- | The next step: (We won’t leave you hanging!). | + | Si vous lancez Nano maintenant, vous verrez toujours la version 2.9.3. Ce n'est pas une erreur, vous devez vous déconnecter et vous reconnecter au Terminal. A noter cependant que vous n'avez pas besoin de faire cela avec chaque logiciel que vous compilez à partir des sources. Ca y est, c'est fini. Nano est maintenant dans sa dernière version... Mais attendez, on peut faire mieux ! |
- | Nano, like Conky, is configurable via an “rc-file”. You can set it up for whatever | + | **The next step: (We won’t leave you hanging!).** |
+ | La prochaine étape : (Nous ne vous laisserons pas attendre !). | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Nano, like Conky, is configurable via an “rc-file”. You can set it up for whatever you are doing. I am going to take the shotgun approach and get you going for ‘most’ use cases. (Syntax highlighting): | ||
+ | |||
+ | Nano, tout comme Conky, est configurable via un « rc-file ». Vous pouvez l' | ||
mkdir ~/.nano | mkdir ~/.nano | ||
Ligne 59: | Ligne 97: | ||
git clone https:// | git clone https:// | ||
- | and you can set up the one you need. (You know how to run configure and make). | + | **and you can set up the one you need. (You know how to run configure and make). |
- | Alternatively... (the easy way): | + | Alternatively... (the easy way):** |
+ | |||
+ | et vous pourrez mettre en place la syntaxe dont vous avez besoin. (Vous savez désormais comment exécuter configure et make). | ||
+ | |||
+ | Autre moyen alternatif... (plus simple) : | ||
wget https:// | wget https:// | ||
- | Now I do not have to tell you how dangerous it is to run a shell script with wget from a website. Luckily in our case we can actually have a look at the install script beforehand. Have a look yourself and calm down once you see it is harmless. Hooray for open source! Now look at my pretty! | + | **Now I do not have to tell you how dangerous it is to run a shell script with wget from a website. Luckily in our case we can actually have a look at the install script beforehand. Have a look yourself and calm down once you see it is harmless. Hooray for open source! Now look at my pretty!** |
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+ | Bon. Je ne devrais pas vous répeter à quel point il est dangereux d' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **References and further reading:** | ||
- | References and further reading: | + | Références et lectures complémentaires |
https:// | https:// |
issue148/mon_opinion.1567418221.txt.gz · Dernière modification : 2019/09/02 11:57 de auntiee